| dbpprop:abstract
|
- Suitmation is a term originally used in Japan for a Tokusatsu technique to portray a daikaiju (giant monster) using an actor in a monster suit. Although the origin of the term is not quite known, it is said that the term was used to differentiate this technique from the "Dynamation" stop-motion animation by special effects wizard, Ray Harryhausen. Eiji Tsuburaya, Japan's special effects pioneer, set the standard for Suitmation, starting with his work on the many classic Godzilla movies and other tokusatsu kaiju films from Toho Company Ltd. Other studios, including Daiei Motion Picture Company, Toei Company Ltd. , and even Eiji Tsuburaya's own Tsuburaya Productions, continue to portray giant monsters (and even giant superheroes and robots) in movies and television using the Suitmation technique. The technique began to evolve as artists emphasized great detail. Design teams are sometimes only one or two people, and the suits can take a long time to develop. In the US, the term became associated with B movies and point out the cheesiness of "rubber suits" and when the US became highly dependent on CGI and soon saw "classic techniques" as being obsolete, Japan further perfected the art, and when CGI was integrated, it brought more out of the suits. In the US, effects artist such as Steve Wang, Rick Baker, Stan Winston, and a handful of others still do traditional techniques and treat the style as an art form, dedicating themselves to detail and precise realism for the suits. It was and is still used on Jim Henson's well-known programs Sesame Street, The Muppet Show and Dinosaurs; and on TV Globo's children's program TV Colosso. In any case, the suits were very uncomfortable, especially before studios were air-conditioned. The average stuntperson could only last for three minutes before becoming too uncomfortable. Conditions improved when studios became air-conditioned. In Godzilla 2000: Millennium, an oxygen hose was attached to Godzilla's tail, which threaded up to the neck so that the actor could breathe. For superheroes, Ultraman's suit actor usually wore a form-fitting latex costume similar to a wet suit. The helmet was made originally from latex, and later, fiberglass. A set of batteries in the suit made the eyes and ColorTimer light up. Toei superheroes had various sorts of costume materials, from leather to vinyl to cloth. Starting with Kagaku Sentai Dynaman, the heroes in Sentai wear spandex. Helmets are made of fiberglass, and had clips on the side to lock them into place. Later, helmets had the clips hidden for a smoother look, although knockoff helmets used for promotional work and live appearances do retain the external clips. Suitmation is also being used in the 2009 live action movie adaptation of Where the Wild Things Are
- Suitmation ist die Bezeichnung einer Filmtechnik, die bei den Special Effects in Monsterfilmen Verwendung findet. Dabei steckt ein Schauspieler in einem Monsterkostüm und muss es von innen durch die maßstabsgetreuen Kulissen bewegen. In den frühen Godzillafilmen war den japanischen Produzenten die alternative Stop-Motion-Technik mit den Einzelbildaufnahmen zu langwierig und damit zu teuer. Das Material der Kostüme ist aus Gummi und lässt den Maskenbildnern viel Raum für kreative Freiheit. Je nach Einsatz im Film muss das Latexmaterial feuerfest behandelt und dick genug sein, um die Schauspieler vor Brandverletzungen zu schützen. Für Augen- und Kopfbewegungen gibt es batteriegetriebene ferngesteuerte Technik, die Schauspieler selber können nur aus kleinen Löchern oder Schlitzen sehen. Die körperlichen Anstrengungen durch Hitzestau und das Gewicht der Kostüme können die Schauspieler sehr beanspruchen und lassen oft nur kurze Szenen zu. Schnelle Filmgeschwindigkeiten beim Drehen können die Effekte der Monströsität noch verstärken, da die mit Normalgeschwindigkeit abgespielten Szenen dann wie Zeitlupe wirken und die Bewegungen der Monster noch plumper und schwerfälliger erscheinen. Eiji Tsuburaya hat als Special Effect Direktor bei den Toho Filmstudios Pionierarbeit auf dem Gebiet der Suitmation geleistet und bekam seinen ersten Filmpreis 1954, beste Technik, für den Einsatz der Suitmation in Godzilla. Andere japanische Studios wie die Daiei Motion Picture Company, Toei Animation, und selbst Eiji Tsuburaya's eigene Tsuburaya Productions, eiferten ihnen nach und ein Großteil der japanischen Monsterfilme, Kaiju Eiga, sind mit der immer weiter entwickelten Technik entstanden.
|