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- Sudovian (also known as Jatvingian or Yotvingian) is an extinct western Baltic language in Northeastern Europe. Closely related to the Old Prussian language, it was formerly spoken southwest of the Nemunas river in what is now Lithuania, East of Galindia and North of Yotvingia, and as exiles in East Prussia. Sudovia and neighboring Galindia were two Baltic tribe/nations mentioned by the Greek geographer Ptolemy in the 2nd Century A.D. as Galindai and Soudinoi, (Γαλίνδαι, Σουδινοί). Although Sudovian and Yotvingian were separate dialects of the same language, Sudovian and Yotvingian merged as a common dialect in the 10th century when they created a Federation along with Denowe - Dainavians. Peter of Dusburg, in his 14th century Chronicon Terrae Prussiae, refers to Sudowia and its inhabitants as Sudowite. Sudovian was very similar to the archaic Old Prussian language and mutually intelligible, as the introduction to the 1st Old Prussian Catechism (printed in Königsberg - 1545 - the 1st Baltic language book) states . There were also some Sudovian language phrases in "Warhafftige Beschreibung der Sudawen auff Samland sambt ihren Bock heyligen und Ceremonien" - True Description of the Sudovians in Samland along with their goat sanctifications and ceremonies - from the mid 16th century by Hieronymus Meletius. 1) Beigeite beygeyte peckolle. 2) Kails naussen gnigethe. 3) Kails poskails ains par antres. (a drinking toast) 4) Kellewesze perioth, Kellewesze perioth. 5) Ocho Moy myle schwante Panike. About the Sudovians that lived near Königsberg, Prussia, John Poliander wrote in 1535 while referring to amber production, that 32 villages used Sudini speech in a 6-7 mile stretch of land of the Samland Corner that wears the name of Sudauia. They spoke their own speech, which is near to Old Prussian language. They used the term "gentaras" for amber and not the Samlandish (Old Prussian) term. From him we learn the Sudovians lived secluded from the Samlandish, would marry their same Sudovites and not allow marriage with the neighboring Prussian population even if begged. They stubbornly held to their own traditions, wore finger and ear rings with bronze bells and silver belts. Nothing has been imported from abroad, but produced by local craftsmen. Christoph Hartknoch reported in 1684 that there were still Sudovians there. The Constit. Synod. Evangel. of 1530 contains the following list of deities who were still worshipped by the Sudavians in Samland: "Occopirmus, Sualxtix, Ausschauts, Autrympus, Potrympus, Bardoayts, Piluuytis, Parcunas, Pecols,... " (Hastings, p 488) Toponyms from N.E. Poland, N.W. Belarus, and Lithuania also preserve words. It was influenced by the Gothic language, as was Old Prussian, with whom trade was common. As with other West Baltic dialects, it preserved the nominative singular neuter case ending -an, absent from Latvian and Lithuanian. Five noun declensional cases are the same as in Old Prussian: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, vocative. The vocative example "Kails naussen gnigethe. " is shown above in phrase 2). The noun declension is very conservative and preserved many archaic features. The Yotvingian territories of Sudovia and Galindia were later overtaken and populated by Slavs around present-day Białystok and Suwałki in north-eastern Poland and nearby Hrodna (formerly Grodno) in Belarus. Some elements of Baltic speech are still retained in the Belarus and Ukraine territory, owing to the indigenous sparse populations and resettlements of refugees from Lithuania. The dialect of Zietela (brus. Дзятлава, rus. Дятлово, jid. Zietil, pl. Zdzięcioł) was of particular interest. Kazlauskas (1968, p. 285) suggested that mėnas ‘month’ encountered in dialects (Zietela, Lazdijai) and in the writings of Bretkûnas (dat. sg. mënui) is a remnant of the nouns with the stem suffix -s. Up until the 1970s, Yotvingians were chiefly known by toponymics and Medieval Russian sources. But in the 70s one written Yotvingian monument was discovered by accident. In Belarussia, a young man named Zinov, an amateur collector, bought a manuscript titled Pogańskie gwary z Narewu ("Paganic speeches of Narew") from a priest. It was written partly in Polish, and partly in an unknown, "paganic" language. Unfortunately, Zinov had an argument with his mother, who burned that priceless manuscript in a rage. Before the manuscript was destroyed, Zinov managed to make notes of it which he subsequently sent to the renown Baltist Vladimir Toporov. Even though Zinov's notes were riddled with errors, it has been proven beyond any doubt that the notes are indeed a copy of an authentic Yotvingian text. This short Yotvingian-Polish dictionary (of mere 215 words), Pogańskie gwary z Narewu, appears to have been written by some Polish priest in order to preach Yotvingians in their mother tongue.
- Jatwingisch (auch Sudauisch, jatw. jātviun/sūdaviun bilā) war eine westbaltische Sprache der Jatwinger, eines mit den Prußen verwandten Stammes zwischen Weichsel und Memel. Nach der Eroberung des Gebietes durch den Deutschritterorden starb sie aus, die Jatwinger gingen allmählich im deutschen, litauischen (ostbaltischen) und slawischen Element auf. Jatwingisch hatte sechs Kasus und eine komplexe Verbalmorphologie mit verschiedenen Modi. Es gehörte zu den Randdialekten des Urbaltischen, weshalb es viele archaische Züge bewahrte, die im zentralbaltischen Raum verlorengingen. Viele jatwingische Lehnwörter gibt es in den weißrussischen Dialekten. Schriftliche Sprachzeugnisse sind nicht bekannt, außer einem kurzen Wörterbuch, das jedoch umstritten ist.
- Le sudovien ou yotvingien est une langue éteinte appartenant au groupe balte occidental des langues indo-européennes.
- Lo jatvingico (conosciuto anche come sudovico) era una lingua baltica occidentale nell'Europa nordorientale. Strettamente imparentato con l'antico prussiano, veniva parlato a sud-ovest del fiume Nemunas, in Galindia ed in Sudovia, territori più tardi conosciuti come Prussia orientale e Lituania sudoccidentale. La Sudovia e la Galindia erano due delle dodici originali terre prussiani. Anche se non rappresentavano due lingue separate, sudovico e jatvingico si differenziavano come dialetti già nel X secolo, ed è stato documentato negli scritti. Era una lingua sia molto arcaica, sia molto influenzata dalle lingue germaniche, che tutti gli altri dialetti baltici, come si deriva dal prestito germanico, virdan, "parola", che preserva la desinenza di genere neutro -an, assente dal lettone e dal lituano. I distretti prussiani meridionali di Sudovia e Galindia vennero parzialmente sopraffatti e conquistati dagli slavi intorno alle odierne Białystok e Suwałki nella Polonia nordorientale, e vicino a Hrodna (in precedenza Grodno) in Bielorussia. Alcuni elementi delle parlate baltiche si possono trovare ancora in Bielorussia ed in Ucraina, a causa del ristabilimento dei rifugiati e dei prigionieri dalla Prussia.
- スドヴィア語（スドヴィアご、英語: Sudovian language）は、ヤトヴァーグ語・ヤトヴィンガ語とも呼ばれる、バルト語派・西バルト語群に属する言語。 西バルト系に属するヤトヴァーグ（ヤトヴィンガ）人はニャムナス川とナレフ川の周辺に居住していたが13世紀にリトアニアに支配・同化されるとともに、その言語も17世紀頃に死語となった。
- Het Sudovisch (ook wel Jatvingisch) is een uitgestorven West-Baltische taal die werd gesproken in het grensgebied van het huidige Litouwen en Polen, tussen de Wisła en de Memel, en is nauw verwant aan het Oudpruisisch. Alhoewel het Sudovisch geen aparte taal was, scheidde hij zich als een dialect in de 10e eeuw, en werd tevens gedocumenteerd in handschriften. De taal was archaïscher en meer door het Germaans beïnvloed dan andere Baltische dialecten, zoals blijkt uit het Germaanse leenwoord virdan ("woord"), dat de onzijdige uitgang -an behield, die afwezig is in het Litouws en het Lets. De taal stierf uit na de verovering van het gebied door de Duitse Orde en Slavische stammen. Invloed van het Sudovisch is nog steeds merkbaar in het Wit-Russisch, dat vele Sudovische leenwoorden kent, en het Oekraïens. Buiten een zeer omstreden woordenboek zijn er van het Sudovisch zelf evenwel geen schriftelijke bronnen. Het Sudovisch had zes naamvallen en een complexe verbaalmorfologie met een grote verscheidenheid aan wijzen. Fonetisch kende de taal zowel lange als korte klinkers, en vele tweeklanken. Het klemtonensysteem was redelijk complex, en gelijkaardig aan het Litouws.
- Jotvingisk er et utdødd baltisk språk som ble snakka av jotvingerne. Jotvingisk var i nær slekt med gammelprøyssisk og ble snakka sørvest for elva Nemunas, i Galindia og Jotvingia. Jotvingisk hadde seks kasus og en kompleks verbalmorfologi med flere moduser.
- Język jaćwiński (jaćwieski) to wymarły język z zespołu zachodniobałtyckiego języków bałtyckich, którym posługiwali się Jaćwingowie, blisko spokrewnione z Prusami plemiona Bałtów, zamieszkujące w średniowieczu tereny dzisiejszej południowej Litwy, północnej Białorusi i północno-wschodniej części Polski.
- Sudóvio (também conhecido como Jatvingio ou Yotvingio) é uma língua extinta báltica ocidental do nordeste europeu. Muito próxima do prussiano antigo, era falada no sudoeste do rio Nemunas, na Galíndia e Yotvíngia na Prússia Oriental e sudoeste da Lituânia. Sudóvia e Galíndia eram duas das doze terras prussianas originais. Embora na realidade não fosse uma língua separada, o sudóvio/jatvíngio divergiram como um dialeto no século X e foram documentadas por escrito. Era ao mesmo tempo mais arcaica e mais influenciada pelas línguas germânicas que os outros dialetos bálticos, como exemplificado pela palavra emprestada do germânico, virdan, "palavra" -- que preserva a terminação do gênero neutro -an, ausente no lituano e no letão. Os distritos Jotvíngios meridionais da Sudóvia e Galíndia foram parcialmente conquistados pelos eslavos na região próxima à atual Białystok e Suwałki no nordeste da Polônia e Hrodna (antiga Grodno) na Bielorússia. Alguns elementos da fala báltica ainda são mantidos no território da Bielorússia e da Ucrânia, devido ao realocações de refugiados e prisioneiros da Prússia.
- Ятвяжский язык (судавский, судинский, йотвингский; лит. jotvingių kalba; польск. jaćwieski) — язык балтийского племени ятвягов, или судавов (судинов), один из балтийских языков. Не путать со славянским ятвяжским микроязыком. Выделяются два ареала, названия которых послужили основой для двух рядов названий всего языка в разных языках: для немцев и литовцев ближе был судавский, для поляков и восточных славян — ятвяжский. судавский (северноятвяжский) — Судавия (Судовия, Sudovia, Sudowia, Sudowen, Sūduva, Suderland) [СВ. Польша, ЮЗ. Литва; крайний ЮВ. Калининградской обл. ], вкл. Дайнаву (Занеманье, Dainavà) в Литве. В к. 13 в. были почти полностью истреблены Тевтонским орденом, немногие бежали в Литву и Самбию. После 1411 эти земли были заселены литовцами, немцами, западноруссами и немногими ятвягами. Окончательно вытеснен литовским, немецким и польским к к. 16 — н.17 вв. Представлен несколькими фразами 16 в. ятвяжский собственно (южноятвяжский) — Ятва (Jaćwież, Jotva) [СВ. Польша: Подляшье; СЗ. Белоруссия]. Был вытеснен польским и западнорусским где-то к 16-17 вв. Видимо представлен словариком Pogańske gwary z Narewu (св. 200 слов). Хотя в 1860 г. согласно «Приходским спискам» на юге Гродненской губернии 30929 чел. (74 % в Кобринском уезде) были отнесены к ятвягам, эти данные не говорят даже об исторической памяти населения, а явились следствием популярности среди местных священников учебников по истории [Коряков 2002: 80].
- Sudoviska, ett utdött västbaltiskt språk, indoeuropeiska språkfamiljen, även kallat jatvingiska. Talades förr i de preussiska regionerna Galinda och Sudovien/Sudauen. Spår av språket finns i vissa ukrainska och vitryska dialekter. Ursprungligen det språk sudauerna/jotvingerna talade, men var aldrig riktigt distinkt. Sedan Sovjetunionens fall har forskning påbörjats om språket och folkets historia.
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- Sudovian (also known as Jatvingian or Yotvingian) is an extinct western Baltic language in Northeastern Europe. Closely related to the Old Prussian language, it was formerly spoken southwest of the Nemunas river in what is now Lithuania, East of Galindia and North of Yotvingia, and as exiles in East Prussia. Sudovia and neighboring Galindia were two Baltic tribe/nations mentioned by the Greek geographer Ptolemy in the 2nd Century A.D.
- Jatwingisch (auch Sudauisch, jatw. jātviun/sūdaviun bilā) war eine westbaltische Sprache der Jatwinger, eines mit den Prußen verwandten Stammes zwischen Weichsel und Memel. Nach der Eroberung des Gebietes durch den Deutschritterorden starb sie aus, die Jatwinger gingen allmählich im deutschen, litauischen (ostbaltischen) und slawischen Element auf. Jatwingisch hatte sechs Kasus und eine komplexe Verbalmorphologie mit verschiedenen Modi.
- Le sudovien ou yotvingien est une langue éteinte appartenant au groupe balte occidental des langues indo-européennes.
- Lo jatvingico (conosciuto anche come sudovico) era una lingua baltica occidentale nell'Europa nordorientale. Strettamente imparentato con l'antico prussiano, veniva parlato a sud-ovest del fiume Nemunas, in Galindia ed in Sudovia, territori più tardi conosciuti come Prussia orientale e Lituania sudoccidentale. La Sudovia e la Galindia erano due delle dodici originali terre prussiani.
- スドヴィア語（スドヴィアご、英語: Sudovian language）は、ヤトヴァーグ語・ヤトヴィンガ語とも呼ばれる、バルト語派・西バルト語群に属する言語。 西バルト系に属するヤトヴァーグ（ヤトヴィンガ）人はニャムナス川とナレフ川の周辺に居住していたが13世紀にリトアニアに支配・同化されるとともに、その言語も17世紀頃に死語となった。
- Het Sudovisch (ook wel Jatvingisch) is een uitgestorven West-Baltische taal die werd gesproken in het grensgebied van het huidige Litouwen en Polen, tussen de Wisła en de Memel, en is nauw verwant aan het Oudpruisisch. Alhoewel het Sudovisch geen aparte taal was, scheidde hij zich als een dialect in de 10e eeuw, en werd tevens gedocumenteerd in handschriften.
- Jotvingisk er et utdødd baltisk språk som ble snakka av jotvingerne. Jotvingisk var i nær slekt med gammelprøyssisk og ble snakka sørvest for elva Nemunas, i Galindia og Jotvingia. Jotvingisk hadde seks kasus og en kompleks verbalmorfologi med flere moduser.
- Język jaćwiński (jaćwieski) to wymarły język z zespołu zachodniobałtyckiego języków bałtyckich, którym posługiwali się Jaćwingowie, blisko spokrewnione z Prusami plemiona Bałtów, zamieszkujące w średniowieczu tereny dzisiejszej południowej Litwy, północnej Białorusi i północno-wschodniej części Polski.
- Sudóvio (também conhecido como Jatvingio ou Yotvingio) é uma língua extinta báltica ocidental do nordeste europeu. Muito próxima do prussiano antigo, era falada no sudoeste do rio Nemunas, na Galíndia e Yotvíngia na Prússia Oriental e sudoeste da Lituânia. Sudóvia e Galíndia eram duas das doze terras prussianas originais. Embora na realidade não fosse uma língua separada, o sudóvio/jatvíngio divergiram como um dialeto no século X e foram documentadas por escrito.
- Ятвяжский язык (судавский, судинский, йотвингский; лит. jotvingių kalba; польск. jaćwieski) — язык балтийского племени ятвягов, или судавов (судинов), один из балтийских языков. Не путать со славянским ятвяжским микроязыком.
- Sudoviska, ett utdött västbaltiskt språk, indoeuropeiska språkfamiljen, även kallat jatvingiska. Talades förr i de preussiska regionerna Galinda och Sudovien/Sudauen. Spår av språket finns i vissa ukrainska och vitryska dialekter. Ursprungligen det språk sudauerna/jotvingerna talade, men var aldrig riktigt distinkt. Sedan Sovjetunionens fall har forskning påbörjats om språket och folkets historia.
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