January 8 Republican troops commanded by Generals Hernández Sarabia and Leopoldo Menéndez take the city of Teruel, surrendered by Colonel Rey d'Harcourt. The harsh winter conditions prevent the timely arrival of troops sent by Franco under the command of Generals Varela and Aranda. February 20 Republican troops are forced to abandon Teruel and follow the highway to Valencia, under pressure from Moroccan troops commanded by General Yagüe. End of the Battle of Teruel.
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- January 8 Republican troops commanded by Generals Hernández Sarabia and Leopoldo Menéndez take the city of Teruel, surrendered by Colonel Rey d'Harcourt. The harsh winter conditions prevent the timely arrival of troops sent by Franco under the command of Generals Varela and Aranda. February 20 Republican troops are forced to abandon Teruel and follow the highway to Valencia, under pressure from Moroccan troops commanded by General Yagüe. End of the Battle of Teruel. March 6 The naval battle of Cape Palos (a Nationalist heavy cruiser Baleares is sunk by Republican destroyers). March 13 France reopens its borders for the transit of arms to the Republican zone. April 5 Socialist minister of defense Indalecio Prieto quits in protest at the level of Soviet influence over the army. April 15 The Nationalists reach the Mediterranean at Vinaròs, dividing the Republican zone in two. June France once again closes its borders. July 5 The international Non-Intervention Committee reaches an agreement regarding the withdrawal of all foreign volunteers from Spain. July 24 Start of the Battle of the Ebro. Republican forces attempt to divert the Nationalists from attacking Valencia and to diminish the pressure on Catalonia. At first, the Republican troops, commanded by General Modesto, achieve considerable success, but were limited by superior Nationalist air power. Heavy combat continued into November September 21 Doctor Negrín, head of the Republican government, in a speech to the League of Nations, announced that the International Brigades will be pulled from the combat zones. The withdrawal begins October 4. October 30 The Nationalists counterattack, forcing Republican troops back across the Ebro. November 16 End of the Battle of the Ebro. December 23 The battle for Barcelona begins. A six-pronged Nationalist attack is launched, with separate columns from the Pyrenees to the Ebro. They take Borges Blanques, surround Tarragona and reach the outskirts of Barcelona. The Republican government retreats from Barcelona to Gerona, although troops continue to maintain the defense of the city.
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- January 8 Republican troops commanded by Generals Hernández Sarabia and Leopoldo Menéndez take the city of Teruel, surrendered by Colonel Rey d'Harcourt. The harsh winter conditions prevent the timely arrival of troops sent by Franco under the command of Generals Varela and Aranda. February 20 Republican troops are forced to abandon Teruel and follow the highway to Valencia, under pressure from Moroccan troops commanded by General Yagüe. End of the Battle of Teruel.
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- Spanish Civil War, 1938–1939
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