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- Social cohesion is a term used in social policy, sociology and political science to describe the bonds or "glue" that bring people together in society, particularly in the context of cultural diversity. Social cohesion is a multi-faceted notion covering many different kinds of social phenomena. It is associated with theories of sociological structural functionalism and political conservatism. It is sometimes also used as a euphemism for the state of race relations. Social cohesion has become an important theme in British social policy in the period since the disturbances in Britain's Northern milltowns in the summer of 2001. In investigating these, academic Ted Cantle drew heavily on the concept of social cohesion, and the New Labour government in turn widely promoted the notion. According to the government-commissioned,State of the English Cities thematic reports, there are five different dimensions of social cohesion: material conditions, passive relationships, active relationships, inclusion and equality. The report shows that material conditions are fundamental to social cohesion, particularly employment, income, health, education and housing. Relations between and within communities suffer when people lack work and endure hardship, debt, anxiety, low self-esteem, ill-health, poor skills and bad living conditions. These basic necessities of life are the foundations of a strong social fabric and important indicators of social progress. The second basic tenet of cohesion is social order, safety and freedom from fear, or "passive social relationships". Tolerance and respect for other people, along with peace and security,are hallmarks of a stable and harmonious urban society. The third dimension refers to the positive interactions, exchanges and networks between individuals and communities, or "active social relationships". Such contacts and connections are potential resources for places since they offer people and organisations mutual support, information, trust and credit of various kinds. The fourth dimension is about the extent of social inclusion or integration of people into the mainstream institutions of civil society. It also includes people's sense of belonging to a city and the strength of shared experiences, identities and values between those from different backgrounds. Lastly, social equality refers to the level of fairness or disparity in access to opportunities or material circumstances, such as income, health or quality of life, or in future life chances.
- La cohésion sociale est la nature et l'intensité des relations sociales qui existent entre les membres d'une société ou d'une organisation. Ce concept est utilisé au sens large sans connotation pour signifier l'intensité du lien social. De nature subjective l'intensité de la cohésion sociale peut être évaluée par des enquêtes de satisfaction.
- Il termine coesione sociale in sociologia indica l'insieme dei comportamenti e dei legami di affinità e solidarietà tra individui o comunità, tesi ad attenuare in senso costruttivo disparità legate a situazioni sociali, economiche, culturali, etniche. Il termine è stato usato per la prima volta nel 1893 dal sociologo francese Émile Durkheim nel suo lavoro intitolato "De la division du travail social". Affinché possa essere realizzata una solida coesione sociale, sono necessari alcuni requisiti: innanzitutto la soddisfazione di alcune necessità materiali (occupazione, casa, reddito, salute, educazione): questi requisiti basilari, indicatori di progresso civile, sono fondamentali per la creazione di relazioni favorevoli tra individui di una stessa comunità. Il secondo requisito fondamentale è rappresentato dall'ordine e dalla sicurezza sociale. Il terzo è la presenza di relazioni sociali attive con la creazione di una rete di scambi di informazioni, supporto, solidarietà e credito. Il quarto requisito è il coinvolgimento di tutti nella gestione delle istituzioni, che consolida il senso di identità e di appartenenza a una collettività.
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| rdfs:comment
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- Social cohesion is a term used in social policy, sociology and political science to describe the bonds or "glue" that bring people together in society, particularly in the context of cultural diversity. Social cohesion is a multi-faceted notion covering many different kinds of social phenomena. It is associated with theories of sociological structural functionalism and political conservatism. It is sometimes also used as a euphemism for the state of race relations.
- La cohésion sociale est la nature et l'intensité des relations sociales qui existent entre les membres d'une société ou d'une organisation. Ce concept est utilisé au sens large sans connotation pour signifier l'intensité du lien social. De nature subjective l'intensité de la cohésion sociale peut être évaluée par des enquêtes de satisfaction.
- Il termine coesione sociale in sociologia indica l'insieme dei comportamenti e dei legami di affinità e solidarietà tra individui o comunità, tesi ad attenuare in senso costruttivo disparità legate a situazioni sociali, economiche, culturali, etniche. Il termine è stato usato per la prima volta nel 1893 dal sociologo francese Émile Durkheim nel suo lavoro intitolato "De la division du travail social".
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