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- Sir Sidney Nolan OM, AC (22 April 1917 – 28 November 1992) was one of Australia's best-known painters and printmakers. Nolan was born in the suburb of Carlton in Melbourne, Australia. He was the eldest of four children. His family moved to the bayside Melbourne suburb of St Kilda. Nolan attended the Brighton In 1938, he met and married his first wife Elizabeth, but his marriage soon broke up because of his increasing involvement with the Reeds. He joined the Angry Penguins in the 1940s. After deserting from the army during World War II, Nolan lived for some time at the Reeds' home, "Heide" outside Melbourne. Here he painted the first canvasses in his famous, iconic "Ned Kelly" series, reportedly with input from Sunday Reed. Nolan also conducted an open affair with Sunday Reed at this time although he married John Reed's sister, Cynthia in 1948, after Sunday refused to leave her husband and marry him. In 1978, he married Mary Boyd, a member of the Boyd artistic family and the former wife of John Perceval. the last brilliant burst of their creative duet. " What is most problematic here is that speculation " that Sunday painted the floor tiles and possibly the patchwork quilt in two of Nolan's paintings " is conveyed as fact. Burke's evidence is unconvincing, the main source being a quote from a subsequent letter from John Reed to Nolan, when the friendship between them had soured, that read: "Your paintings were part of your contribution [to Heide], even though you said Sunday painted them as much as you did " you said all your paintings were for Sunday, and I am quite sure you did not think of them otherwise. They were created with her in a sense which is almost literal, and it is certain without her, without your life at Heide, a great many would never have been painted. " Surely the description of Sunday's contribution as being "almost literal" runs counter to Burke's argument?}}</ref> Eventually, she gave them to the National Gallery of Australia in 1977 and this resolved the dispute. Nolan’s ‘Ned Kelly’ series follow the main sequence of the Kelly story. However Nolan did not intend the series to be an ‘authentic’ depiction of these events. Rather these episodes/series became the setting for the artist’s meditations upon universal themes of injustice, love and betrayal. The Kelly saga was also a way for Nolan to paint the Australian landscape in new ways, with the story giving meaning to the place. the Depression and World War II happened during this period, Nolan decided to concentrate on something different other than people struggling in life. Nolan wanted to create and define episodes in Australian nationalism, to retell the story of a hero. A hero which now has become a metaphor for humankind — the fighter, the victim, and the hero — resisting tyranny with a passion for freedom. Nolan recognised that the conceptual image of the black square (Kelly’s helmet and armour) had been part of modern art since World War I. Nolan just placed a pair of eyes into Kelly’s helmet which animates its formal shape. As in most of the series, Kelly’s steel head guard dominates the composition. Nolan also concentrates on the Australian outback and shows a different landscape in nearly every painting. Nolan’s paintings give the audience an insight into the history of Australia but also show others from the world how beautiful Australia is. The intensity of the colours of the land and bush along with its overall smooth texture help create harmony between legend, symbol and visual impact. Kelly is in the centre of the painting but the colours around him help make him stand out. It’s a very simplistic picture but highlights that Ned Kelly is an Australian icon. Nolan never relied upon one style or technique, but rather experimented throughout his lifetime with many different methods of application, and also devised some of his own. Nolan was inspired by children’s art and modernist painting of the early 20th century. During this time many younger artists were veering towards abstraction, Nolan remained committed to the figurative potential of painting. In terms of art history Nolan rediscovered the Australian landscape (Australia has not been an easy country to paint). His love of literature is seen as visually evident in Nolan's work. Other key influences were the modernist artists such as Paul Cézanne, Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse and Henri Rousseau. Locally the arrival of the Russian artist Danila Vassilieff in Melbourne, with his simple and direct art, was significant for Nolan. In his series, Kelly is a metaphor for Nolan himself. Nolan, like the bushranger, was a fugitive from the law. In July 1944 Nolan faced the possibility that he would be sent to Papua New Guinea on front line duty, so Nolan went absent without leave. So when Nolan created this series he viewed himself as the misunderstood hero/artist like the protagonist, Kelly. ‘Nolan like this Kelly figure has also been a hero, a victim, a man who armoured himself against Australia and who faced it, conquered it, lost it…. ambiguity personified’. Nolan’s Ned Kelly series is one of the greatest sequences of Australian paintings of the 20th century. His simplified depiction of Kelly in his armour has become an iconic Australian image. Paintings of Dimboola landscapes by Sidney Nolan, who was stationed in the area while on army duty in World War II, can be found in the National Gallery of Victoria. In 1951, Nolan moved to London, England. He travelled in Europe, spending a year in 1956 painting themes based on Greek Mythology while in Greece. In Paris, he studied engraving and lithography with S. W. Hayter at Studio 17. Nolan received a Harkness Fellowship in 1958 to study in the United States and spent two years there. He became friends with the port Robert Lowell and produced illustrations some of his books. In England, Nolan attended the Aldeburgh Festival and become influenced by the organiser and composer Benjamin Britten, exhibiting paintings at the festivals. Ho continued to travel widely in Europe, Africa, China, Australia, and even Antarctica. In 1981, Nolan was awarded Knight Bachelor for Service to Art and received the Order of Merit in 1983. In the summer of 1983, Nolan settled on the borders of Wales. The Sidney Nolan Trust was established in 1985 to support artists and musicians, and provide exhibition space for works by Nolan and others at The Rodd near Presteigne, Powys, Wales, near the border with England. Nolan was made a Companion of the Order of Australia in 1988. He was also elected an honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters and a member of the Royal Academy of Arts. Nolan is less well known for his skilled theatrical set designs and book illustrations.
- Sir Sidney Robert Nolan war ein australischer Maler und Grafiker. Er gehörte zu den bedeutendsten Vertretern Australiens der Modernen Malerei und Druckgrafik nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Sidney Nolan studierte Kunst an der National Gallery Art School in Melbourne. Er war ein guter Freund der Kunstkritiker und -förderer John Reed und Sunday Reed und gilt als einer der führenden Köpfe der Künstlergruppe "Heide Circle", zu denen auch Albert Tucker, Joy Hester, Arthur Boyd und John Perceval gehörten. 1938 heiratete Nolan seine erste Frau Elizabeth. Diese Ehe sollte keine langen Bestand haben. Nach seinem Kriegsdienst im Zweiten Weltkrieg zog Nolan für einige Zeit in das Haus der Reeds, genannt "Heide", in der Nähe von Melbourne (heute der Sitz des Heide Museum of Modern Art). 1948 heiratet Nolan die Schwester von John Reed, Cynthia Reed. 1978 heiratete er Mary Boyd, die frühere Frau von John Perceval. Er studierte einige Zeit am Atelier 17 in Paris bei Stanley William Hayter. Seine bekanntesten Gemälde aus Australien sind eine Serie von Bildern aus 1946 bis 1947 über den Buschranger Ned Kelly im australischen Outback. Im Jahr 1950 zog Sidney Nolan nach London, England, wo er bis zu seinem Tod lebte und arbeitete. Im Jahr 1959 war Nolan Teilnehmer der documenta 2 in Kassel. Zu seinem Werk gehören auch Theaterdekorationen und Buchillustrationen.
- Sir Sidney Robert Nolan, OM. Pintor australiano, artista de gran versatilidad, que desarrolló una innovadora línea iconográfica inspirada a menudo en la historia y las viejas tradiciones de su Australia natal. Pasó una gran parte de su vida en Gran Bretaña. Nolan nació el 22 de abril de 1917 en Melbourne, ciudad en la que también realizó sus estudios artísticos a mediados de la década de A través de reproducciones de sus obras, entró en contacto con algunos artistas de vanguardia, principalmente dadaístas y surrealistas. También conoció a John Reed, líder de un innovador grupo de artistas de Melbourne, con el que fundó en 1938 la Contemporary Art Society. Tras su primera exposición individual del año 1940 en Melbourne, la reputación artística de Nolan se vio muy incrementada. Realizó su primera exposición en Londres en 1951, ciudad en la que se estableció desde aquel momento. Tras una primera etapa de formas plenamente abstractas, Nolan desarrolló un estilo figurativo brillante, colorista y deliberadamente ingenuo. Su interés se centró principalmente en representar el desértico y yermo paisaje australiano, como en Carron plains (1948, Museo de Arte de Nueva Gales del Sur, Sydney), así como también en los cuentos y las historias de carácter romántico. En las décadas siguientes se dedicó a pintar otros temas, desde los exploradores antárticos hasta los paisajes chinos, utilizando una gran variedad de técnicas. Además de realizar numerosos grabados y dibujos, Nolan fue un escenógrafo teatral de gran éxito, especialmente para la Royal Opera House de Londres. Pese a que la mayor parte de la carrera artística de Nolan tuvo lugar en un momento en que la pintura figurativa no estaba de moda, sus originales imágenes y su estilo simple y expresivo tuvieron una gran acogida popular. Es, sin duda, el artista australiano más significativo del siglo XX.
- Sydney Nolan est un peintre dont les œuvres appartiennent au mouvement d'art moderne qui secoua l'Australie dans les années 1950 en choquant violemment les milieux bourgeois et nobles.
- Fu uno dei più noti pittori australiani. Frequentò la National Gallery Art School. Fu amico intimo dei mecenati John e Sunday Reed, ed è considerato una delle figure di punta dell' "Heide Circle" che includeva Albert Tucker, Joy Hester, Arthur Boyd e John Perceval. Nel 1938 Nolan sposò la sua prima moglie Elizabeth, ma la relazione fu presto interrotta a causa del suo maggior coinvolgimento con i Reeds. Dopo aver lasciato l'esercito durante la Seconda guerra mondiale Nolan visse per qualche tempo nella casa dei Reed, "Heide", fuori Melbourne.
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