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- Sherman Kent, (December 6, 1903 - March 11, 1986), was a Yale University history professor who, during World War II and through 17 years of Cold War-era service in the Central Intelligence Agency, pioneered many of the methods of intelligence analysis. He is often described as "the father of intelligence analysis". Kent was a graduate of The Thacher School and Yale University where he studied European history with the intention of spending his career as an academic. After graduating he did spend several years teaching and doing research but joined the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) with the outbreak of the war in Europe. Sherman Kent first served within the Research and Analysis Branch of the OSS as Chief of the Europe-Africa Division. In this capacity, he oversaw much of the process which would now be considered intelligence preparation of the battlespace in support of planning for Operation Torch, the 1942 Allied invasion of North Africa. (An irreverent wit, Kent once proposed for the heraldic emblem of the often-zany OSS, "A horse's ass rampant on a Boston Social Register"). After a post-war stint at the National War College, he returned to Yale for three years, during which time he penned his classic work, Strategic Intelligence. In November 1950, during the crisis that followed the Chinese Communist incursion in the Korean War, which prompted a build-up and reorganization of the American Intelligence Community, he was called to Washington, DC, to assist Harvard historian William L. Langer, with whom he had worked in OSS, to form a new CIA Office of National Estimates (ONE). He succeeded Langer as chief of ONE in 1952, serving in that position for the next fifteen years under four Directors of Central Intelligence in four presidential administrations. ONE was "a small organization, consisting of a Board of National Estimates of between five and twelve senior experts, a professional staff of 25-30 regional and functional specialists, and a support staff. " Until it was dissolved, six years after Kent's retirement, in a Watergate-era CIA reorganization, ONE prepared more than 1500 speculative National Intelligence Estimates for the President and top foreign policy-makers. Kent led ONE through years of challenge and crisis, including McCarthy-era accusations against one of Kent's young aides, future presidential advisor William Bundy, and "predictive failures" during the Cuban Missile Crisis and other Cold War "flaps". Kent's unique and enduring role within the US intelligence community was to formalize analytical "tradecraft" and methodologies, while encouraging creation of a "literature of intelligence" to provide a formal mechanism for the transfer of knowledge and experiences between generations of analysts. Sherman Kent retired from the CIA in 1967, and died in 1986. In 2000, CIA established a school in Kent's name dedicated to the pursuit of professionalism in the art and science of intelligence analysis.
- Sherman Kent, né le 6 décembre 1903 et mort le 11 mars 1986, est un historien et analyste du renseignement américain. Il fut un professeur d'histoire à l'Université Yale qui initia des nombreuses méthodologies d'analyse de renseignement, durant la Seconde guerre mondiale. Il est souvent décrit aux États-Unis comme le père de l'analyse de renseignement. Sherman Kent servit d'abord dans la Section de recherche et analyse de l'OSS (Bureau des services stratégiques américain), où il suivait les affaires nord-africaines. Dans ce travail, il esquissa en grande partie le processus désigné aujourd'hui comme renseignement de préparation du champ de bataille, en 1942, en soutient de planification de l'Opération Torch (invasion par les Alliés du Maghreb français). Dans la communauté du renseignement américain, Kent joua un rôle clé à partir de son entrée dans la CIA. Il formalisa des outils analytiques et des méthodologies, et appela à la création d'une littérature du renseignement comme outil de transfert du savoir et de l'expérience entre les générations d'analystes. L'un de ses travaux les plus connus est la formalisation du vocabulaire de l'évaluation (estimation de la fiabilité et probabilité). Kent pris sa retraite de la CIA en 1967 et décéda en 1986.
- Kent si laureò alla Thacher School e all'università di Yale, dove studiò storia europea con l'intenzione d'intraprendere la carriera accademica. Dopo la laurea passò diversi mesi nelle insegnamento e nella ricerca, ma con l'inizio della guerra in Europa si unì all'Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Da prima, prestò servizio nel settore ricerca e analisi dell'OSS, come direttore della divisione afro-europea. In questa posizione, supervisionò il processo che ora verrebbe considerato come "intelligence nella preparazione del campo di battaglia" in supporto alla pianificazione dell'Operation Torch, l'invasione Alleata del nord Africa del 1942. (Kent, noto per il suo spirito irriverente, una volta propose che l'emblema araldico dello spesso demenziale OSS fosse "Il culo di un cavallo rampante sull'albo sociale di Boston. ") Nel dopoguerra, dopo un incarico al National War College, tornò a Yale per tre anni, durante i quali scrisse il suo classico Strategic Intelligence. La partecipazione della Cina comunista nella Guerra di Corea portò a una ricostruzione e riorganizzazione della comunità dei servizi segreti americani: nel novembre del 1950 Kent fu chiamato a Washington per assistere lo storico di Harvard William L. Langer, con cui aveva lavorato nell'OSS, nella creazione di un nuovo dipartimento della CIA, l'Office of National Estimates (ONE). Fu il successore di Langer come capo dell'ONE nel 1952 e servì in quella posizione per i successivi 15 anni, sotto quattro direttori della CIA e altrettanti presidenti degli Stati Uniti. L'ONE era una "piccola organizzazione, consisteva in un Board of National Estimates che andava dai cinque ai dodici esperti anziani, uno staff professionista di 25-30 specialisti regionali e funzionali e uno staff di supporto. " Fino al suo scioglimento, che avvenne sei anni dopo il ritiro di Kent e fu dovuto a una nuova riorganizzazione della CIA causata dallo scandalo "Watergate", l'ONE stilò più di 1500 rapporti per il presidente e per le figure chiave della politica estera americana. Kent guidò l'ONE in anni pieni di sfide e attraverso diverse crisi, tra cui la messa in accusa di uno dei suoi giovani aiutanti negli anni del maccartismo (il futuro consigliere presidenziale William Bundy), un "fallimento predittivo" durante la crisi dei missili cubani e altre "convulsioni" della Guerra fredda. All'interno della comunità dei servizi segreti statunitensi, Kent svolse il compito unico e duraturo di formalizzare le capacità analitiche e le metodologie e di incoraggiare la nascita di una letteratura dell'intelligence, per provvedere a un meccanismo che tramandasse le conoscenze e l'esperienza fra le generazioni di analisti. Sherman Kent lasciò la CIA nel 1967 e morì nel 1986. Nel 2000, la CIA fondò a suo nome una scuola dedicata al perseguimento del professionismo nell'arte e nella scienza dell'analisi d'intelligence.
- Sherman Kent (December 6, 1903 – March 11, 1986), was a Yale University history professor who, during World War II and through 17 years of Cold War-era service in the Central Intelligence Agency, pioneered many of the methods of intelligence analysis. He is often described as "the father of intelligence analysis". Kent was a graduate of The Thacher School and Yale University where he studied European history with the intention of spending his career as an academic. After graduating he did spend several years teaching and doing research but joined the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) with the outbreak of the war in Europe. Sherman Kent first served within the Research and Analysis Branch of the OSS as Chief of the Europe-Africa Division. In this capacity, he oversaw much of the process which would now be considered intelligence preparation of the battlespace in support of planning for Operation Torch, the 1942 Allied invasion of North Africa. (An irreverent wit, Kent once proposed for the heraldic emblem of the often-zany OSS, "A horse's ass rampant on a Boston Social Register"). After a post-war stint at the National War College, he returned to Yale for three years, during which time he penned his classic work, Strategic Intelligence. In November 1950, during the crisis that followed the Chinese Communist incursion in the Korean War, which prompted a build-up and reorganization of the American Intelligence Community, he was called to Washington, DC, to assist Harvard historian William L. Langer, with whom he had worked in OSS, to form a new CIA Office of National Estimates (ONE). He succeeded Langer as chief of ONE in 1952, serving in that position for the next fifteen years under four Directors of Central Intelligence in four presidential administrations. ONE was "a small organization, consisting of a Board of National Estimates of between five and twelve senior experts, a professional staff of 25-30 regional and functional specialists, and a support staff. " Until it was dissolved, six years after Kent's retirement, in a Watergate-era CIA reorganization, ONE prepared more than 1500 speculative National Intelligence Estimates for the President and top foreign policy-makers. Kent led ONE through years of challenge and crisis, including McCarthy-era accusations against one of Kent's young aides, future presidential advisor William Bundy, and "predictive failures" during the Cuban Missile Crisis and other Cold War "flaps". Kent's unique and enduring role within the US intelligence community was to formalize analytical "tradecraft" and methodologies, while encouraging creation of a "literature of intelligence" to provide a formal mechanism for the transfer of knowledge and experiences between generations of analysts. Sherman Kent retired from the CIA in 1967, and died in 1986. In 2000, CIA established a school in Kent's name dedicated to the pursuit of professionalism in the art and science of intelligence analysis.
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- Sherman Kent, (December 6, 1903 - March 11, 1986), was a Yale University history professor who, during World War II and through 17 years of Cold War-era service in the Central Intelligence Agency, pioneered many of the methods of intelligence analysis. He is often described as "the father of intelligence analysis". Kent was a graduate of The Thacher School and Yale University where he studied European history with the intention of spending his career as an academic.
- Sherman Kent, né le 6 décembre 1903 et mort le 11 mars 1986, est un historien et analyste du renseignement américain. Il fut un professeur d'histoire à l'Université Yale qui initia des nombreuses méthodologies d'analyse de renseignement, durant la Seconde guerre mondiale. Il est souvent décrit aux États-Unis comme le père de l'analyse de renseignement.
- Kent si laureò alla Thacher School e all'università di Yale, dove studiò storia europea con l'intenzione d'intraprendere la carriera accademica. Dopo la laurea passò diversi mesi nelle insegnamento e nella ricerca, ma con l'inizio della guerra in Europa si unì all'Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Da prima, prestò servizio nel settore ricerca e analisi dell'OSS, come direttore della divisione afro-europea.
- Sherman Kent (December 6, 1903 – March 11, 1986), was a Yale University history professor who, during World War II and through 17 years of Cold War-era service in the Central Intelligence Agency, pioneered many of the methods of intelligence analysis. He is often described as "the father of intelligence analysis". Kent was a graduate of The Thacher School and Yale University where he studied European history with the intention of spending his career as an academic.
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