Samuel Abraham Goudsmit was a Dutch-American physicist famous for jointly proposing the concept of electron spin with George Eugene Uhlenbeck in 1925. He studied physics at the University of Leiden under Paul Ehrenfest, where he obtained his PhD in 1927. After receiving his PhD, Goudsmit served as a Professor at the University of Michigan between 1927 and 1946. In 1930 he co-authored a text with Linus Pauling titled The Structure of Line Spectra.
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- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit was a Dutch-American physicist famous for jointly proposing the concept of electron spin with George Eugene Uhlenbeck in 1925. He studied physics at the University of Leiden under Paul Ehrenfest, where he obtained his PhD in 1927. After receiving his PhD, Goudsmit served as a Professor at the University of Michigan between 1927 and 1946. In 1930 he co-authored a text with Linus Pauling titled The Structure of Line Spectra. He was also the scientific head of the Alsos mission of the Manhattan Project, which was designed to assess the progress of the Nazi atomic bomb project. In the book Alsos published in 1947, Goudsmit concluded that the Germans did not get close to creating a weapon, which he attributed to the inability of science to function under a totalitarian state (the development of atomic weapons by at least two other totalitarian states has been seen to go against this conclusion, although it needs to be said that later atomic weapons were developed with the knowledge of their possibility, and also sometimes with stolen technology). His other conclusion, that the German scientists simply did not understand how to make an atomic bomb, has been disputed by later historians, but his assessment of the lack of progress in the German program — if not his conclusions as to why it was that way — has generally held up over time. After the war he was briefly a professor at Northwestern University and from 1948-1970 was a senior scientist at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, chairing the Physics Department 1952-1960. He meanwhile became well known as the Editor-in-chief of the leading physics journal Physical Review, published by the American Physical Society. On his retirement as editor in 1974, Goudsmit moved to the faculty of the University of Nevada in Reno. He also made some scholarly contributions to egyptology published in Expedition, Summer 1972, pp. 13-16; American Journal of Archaeology 78, 1974 p. 78; and Journal of Near Eastern Studies 40, 1981 pp.43-46. The Samuel A. Goudsmit Collection of Egyptian Antiquities resides at the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
- Samuel Abraham Goudschmidt war ein US-amerikanischer Physiker niederländischer Herkunft. In den USA wurde der Nachname später in Goudsmit geändert. Neben verschiedenen Arbeiten zur Atom- und Kernphysik postulierte er 1925 gemeinsam mit George Eugene Uhlenbeck die Existenz des Elektronenspins. Goudschmidt war Mitglied der ALSOS-Mission.
- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit, né le 11 juillet 1902 à La Haye, Pays-Bas, mort 4 décembre 1978 à Reno, Nevada) est un physicien américain d'origine néerlandaise. Il est connu pour avoir proposé l'hypothèse du spin de l'électron avec George Uhlenbeck.
- サミュエル・ゴーズミット（ハウトスミット）（Samuel Abraham Goudsmit、1902年7月11日 - 1978年12月4日）は、米国の物理学者。 1925年にジョージ・ウーレンベックとともに電子のスピンを発見したことが有名である。 オランダのハーグにユダヤ系の家庭に生まれた。 ライデン大学、アムステルダム大学で学んだ。仲間の学生のジョージ・ウーレンベックと電子のスピンを発見した。1927年にアメリカに帰化し、ミシガン大学に勤めた。第二次世界大戦中はマサチューセッツ工科大学の技術研究所でレーダーの研究をしたほか、1944年からドイツの原子爆弾開発状況を調査するためアメリカ軍アルソス機関 の技術顧問としてヨーロッパに滞在した。戦後はノース・ウェスターン大学、ネバダ大学の教授となった。スペクトルの微細構造の研究を行った。 マックス・プランク・メダル他多くの賞を受賞している。
- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit was een Nederlands-Amerikaans natuurkundige van Joodse afkomst.
- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit foi um físico neerlandês naturalizado estado-unidense famoso por propor o conceito de spin do elétron com George Eugene Uhlenbeck. Goudsmit estudou Física na Universidade de Leiden com Paul Ehrenfest, onde obteve seu PhD em 1927. Depois de obter seu PhD, Goudsmit foi professor na Universidade de Michigan entre 1927 e 1946. Em 1930, ele foi o co-autor de um texto com Linus Pauling intitulado The Structure of Line Spectra. Goudsmit também foi o responsável científico da Operação Alsos do Projeto Manhattan, que tinha como objetivo avaliar o progresso alemão na construção de de uma bomba atômica. No livro Alsos, publicado em 1947, Goudsmit concluía que os alemães estavam longe de criar uma bomba atômica, o que ele atribuiu à incapacidade da ciência de funcionar sob um regime totalitário (o desenvolvimento de armas atômicas em pelo menos dois outros Estados totalitários provou a falsidade dessa conclusão, apesar de que armas atômicas desenvolvidas mais tarde foram construídas com o conhecimento da sua possibilidade, e também, muitas vezes, com tecnologia roubada). A sua outra conclusão que os cientistas alemães simplesmente não entendiam como construir uma bomba atômica foi contestada por historiadores mais recentes, mas sua afirmação sobre a ausência de progressos no projeto alemão — se não a sua conclusão sobre o "porquê" de tal situação — manteve-se, de maneira geral, com o tempo. Depois da guerra, ele foi por pouco tempo professor na Northwestern University e de 1948 a 1970 foi cientista senior no Brookhaven National Laboratory, dirigindo o Departamento de Física entre 1952 e 1960. Gouldsmit também ficou conhecido como o editor-chefe do importante jornal de física Physical Review, publicado pela Sociedade Americana de Física. Quando se aposentou do jornal em 1974, Goudsmit mudou-se para a faculdade da Universidade de Nevada, em Reno. Ele também realizou algumas contribuições para a Egiptologia, publicando em Expedition, Summer 1972, pp. 13-16; American Journal of Archaeology 78, 1974 p. 78; and Journal of Near Eastern Studies 40, 1981 pp.43-46. Goudsmit sobre a descoberta do spin do elétron Coleção de material digital relacionados com a pesquisa de Goudsmit e Linus Pauling.
- Сэмюэл Абрахам Гаудсмит — американский физик-теоретик голландского происхождения. Член Национальной АН.
- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit (11 juli 1902 - 4 december 1978), amerikansk fysiker som tillsammans med George Uhlenbeck formulerade teorin om att en partikel har ett inre rörelsemoment, så kallat spin, vilket ledde till stora förändringar i atommodellen och kvantteorin.
- Самуель Аврам Гоудсміт - американський фізик, гол. походження; проф. університетів в Ann Arbor, лабораторія в Брукгавені (Brookhaven), чл. Національної Академії Наук (National Acad/ of Sciences), гол. Акад. наук; 1925 разом з Джорджом Уленбеком відкрив спін та маг. момент електрона.
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- George Uhlenbeck, Hendrik Kramers,
and Samuel Goudsmit around 1928 in
Ann Arbor. Uhlenbeck and
Goudsmit proposed the idea of electron
spins three years earlier when they
were studying in Leiden with
Paul Ehrenfest.
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- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit was a Dutch-American physicist famous for jointly proposing the concept of electron spin with George Eugene Uhlenbeck in 1925. He studied physics at the University of Leiden under Paul Ehrenfest, where he obtained his PhD in 1927. After receiving his PhD, Goudsmit served as a Professor at the University of Michigan between 1927 and 1946. In 1930 he co-authored a text with Linus Pauling titled The Structure of Line Spectra.
- Samuel Abraham Goudschmidt war ein US-amerikanischer Physiker niederländischer Herkunft. In den USA wurde der Nachname später in Goudsmit geändert. Neben verschiedenen Arbeiten zur Atom- und Kernphysik postulierte er 1925 gemeinsam mit George Eugene Uhlenbeck die Existenz des Elektronenspins. Goudschmidt war Mitglied der ALSOS-Mission.
- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit, né le 11 juillet 1902 à La Haye, Pays-Bas, mort 4 décembre 1978 à Reno, Nevada) est un physicien américain d'origine néerlandaise. Il est connu pour avoir proposé l'hypothèse du spin de l'électron avec George Uhlenbeck.
- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit was een Nederlands-Amerikaans natuurkundige van Joodse afkomst.
- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit foi um físico neerlandês naturalizado estado-unidense famoso por propor o conceito de spin do elétron com George Eugene Uhlenbeck. Goudsmit estudou Física na Universidade de Leiden com Paul Ehrenfest, onde obteve seu PhD em 1927. Depois de obter seu PhD, Goudsmit foi professor na Universidade de Michigan entre 1927 e 1946. Em 1930, ele foi o co-autor de um texto com Linus Pauling intitulado The Structure of Line Spectra.
- Сэмюэл Абрахам Гаудсмит — американский физик-теоретик голландского происхождения. Член Национальной АН.
- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit (11 juli 1902 - 4 december 1978), amerikansk fysiker som tillsammans med George Uhlenbeck formulerade teorin om att en partikel har ett inre rörelsemoment, så kallat spin, vilket ledde till stora förändringar i atommodellen och kvantteorin.
- Самуель Аврам Гоудсміт - американський фізик, гол. походження; проф. університетів в Ann Arbor, лабораторія в Брукгавені (Brookhaven), чл. Національної Академії Наук (National Acad/ of Sciences), гол. Акад. наук; 1925 разом з Джорджом Уленбеком відкрив спін та маг. момент електрона.
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- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit
- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit
- Samuel Goudsmit
- サミュエル・ゴーズミット
- Samuel Goudsmit
- Samuel Abraham Goudsmit
- Гаудсмит, Сэмюэл Абрахам
- Samuel Goudsmit
- Самуель Аврам Гоудсміт
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