Reccared (or Recared) I (reigned 586—601) was Visigothic King of Hispania, Septimania and Galicia. His reign marked a climactic shift in history, with the king's renunciation of traditional Arianism in favour of Catholic Christianity in 587. Reccared was the younger son of King Liuvigild by his first wife. Like his father, Reccared had his capital at Toledo. The Visigothic kings and nobles were traditionally Arian Christians, while the Hispano-Roman population were Trinitarian Catholics.

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  • Reccared (or Recared) I (reigned 586—601) was Visigothic King of Hispania, Septimania and Galicia. His reign marked a climactic shift in history, with the king's renunciation of traditional Arianism in favour of Catholic Christianity in 587. Reccared was the younger son of King Liuvigild by his first wife. Like his father, Reccared had his capital at Toledo. The Visigothic kings and nobles were traditionally Arian Christians, while the Hispano-Roman population were Trinitarian Catholics. The Catholic bishop Leander of Seville was instrumental in converting the elder son and heir of Liuvigild, Hermenegild, to Trinitarian Christianity. Leander supported him in a war of rebellion and was exiled for his role. When King Liuvigild died, within a few weeks of April 21, 586, St. Leander was swift to return to Toledo. The new king had been associated with his father in ruling the kingdom and was acclaimed king by the Visigothic nobles without opposition. Guided by his Merovingian kinship connections and by his Arian stepmother Goiswinth, he sent ambassadors to greet her grandson Childebert II and to his uncle Guntram, the Frankish king of Burgundy, proposing peace and a defensive alliance. Guntram refused to see them. In January 587, Reccared renounced Arianism for Catholicism, the single great event of his reign and the turning point for Visigothic Hispania. Most Arian nobles and ecclesiastics followed his example, certainly those around him at Toledo, but there were Arian uprisings, notably in Septimania, his northernmost province, beyond the Pyrenees, where the leader of opposition was the Arian bishop Athaloc, who had the reputation among his Catholic enemies of being virtually a second Arius. Among the secular leaders of the Septimanian insurrection, the counts Granista and Wildigern appealed to Guntram of Burgundy, who saw his opportunity and sent his dux Desiderius. Reccared's army defeated the Arian insurgents and their Catholic allies with great slaughter, Desiderius himself being slain. The next conspiracy broke out in the west, Lusitania, headed by Sunna, the Arian bishop of Mérida, and count Seggo. Claudius, Reccared's dux Lusitaniae, put down the rising, Sunna being banished to Mauritania and Seggo retiring to Gallaecia. In the latter part of 588 a third conspiracy was headed by the Arian bishop Uldila and the queen dowager Goisvintha, but they were detected, and the bishop was banished. This Arian resistance is not often mentioned in popular history. The Third Council of Toledo, organized by St. Leander but convened in the king's name in May 589, set the tone for the new Catholic kingdom. The public confession of the king, read aloud by a notary, reveals by the emphatic clarity of its theological points and its quotations of scripture that it was ghost-written for the king. Bishop Leander also delivered the triumphant closing sermon, which his brother Isidore entitled Homilia de triumpho ecclesiae ob conversionem Gothorum a homily upon the "triumph of the Church and the conversion of the Goths". The text of the homily survives. Leander and the Catholic bishops immediately instituted the program of forced conversion of Jews and extirpation of the remains of Arianism as "heresy". Catholic history traditionally imputes these persecutions to the Visigothic kings. When, after Reccared's reign, at a synod held at Toledo in 633, the bishops took upon themselves the nobles' right to select a king from among the royal family, the transfer of power was complete. Traditional Catholic sources for the reign of Reccared, the bishops Gregory of Tours and Isidore of Seville, report with approval a vigorous policy against the Jews, pursuing zealous and fanatical policies limiting Jewish freedoms as promulgated in the canons of synods. Modern historians have revised this view and see a continuation of traditional Visigothic tolerance. Pope St. Gregory I was convinced that Reccared refused bribes from the Jewish community, which was large, well-connected throughout the Mediterranean and powerful, and Reccared's laws provided that the offspring of a Christian and a Jew be baptised, which was of little moment to the Jewish community, as whether it was not born of a Jewish mother or was born of a Jewish woman outside her community, the child was not considered a Jew anyway. Reccared eliminated the death penalty for Jews convicted of proselytising among Christians and ignored Gregory's request that the trade in Christian slaves at Narbonne be forbidden to Jews. Among the canons of five synods during Reccared's reign, E. A. Thompson could find none disadvantaging the Jewish community. The information for the rest of Reccared's reign is scanty. St. Isidore of Seville, bishop Leander's brother, praises his peaceful government, clemency, and generosity: standard encomia. He returned various properties, even some privates ones, that had been confiscated by his father, and founded many churches and monasteries. St. Gregory the Great, writing to Reccared in Aug. 599 (Epp. ix. 61, 121), extols him for embracing the true faith and inducing his people to do so, and notably for refusing the bribes offered by Jews to procure the repeal of a law against them. He sends him a piece of the True Cross, some fragments of the chains of St. Peter, and some hairs of St. John the Baptist. Reccared was succeeded by his youthful son Liuva II.
  • Rekkared I. (auch Reccared geschrieben; † Dezember 601 in Toledo) war König der Westgoten von April/Mai 586 bis Dezember 601.
  • Recared I fou un rei visigot del 586 al 601. Era fill del rei Leovigild i de la seva primera muller, probablement Teodòsia. Encara que s'ignora la data de naixement del rei, si se sap que Ermenegild, el seu ger mà gran, havia nascut vers el 564, per la qual cosa ell mateix va haver de néixer el 565 o després d'aquesta data. Amb el seu germà Ermenegild fou associat pel seu pare al tron el 573, amb la missió de governar la Septimània enfront dels francs, col·laboració que fou més estreta quan el seu pare va fer executar Ermenegild.
  • Recaredo I fue rey de los visigodos desde 586 a 601, cuando murió en Toledo. Hijo y sucesor de Leovigildo, combatió a los francos, a los bizantinos (aún presentes en el litoral andaluz) y a los vascones, y hubo de sofocar varias revueltas de los nobles visigodos. El hecho más destacado de su reinado se produjo en 589, cuando convocó el III Concilio de Toledo en el que, junto con varios nobles y dignatarios eclesiásticos, abjuró del arrianismo y se convirtió al catolicismo, con lo que llevó a cabo la unificación religiosa entre visigodos e hispanorromanos, a la que aspiró su padre de forma inversa y quien, al parecer y paradójicamente, le aconsejó esta vía.
  • Récarède I, dit « le Catholique », est un roi des Wisigoths d'Espagne de 586 à 601. Fils du roi Léovigild et de Goïswinthe, fille d'Amalaric, il accède au trône après une grave crise religieuse et l'exécution de son frère Herménégild qui avait pris la tête du parti catholique contre l'arianisme de leur père. Sans renier l'œuvre politique de son prédécesseur, Récarède poursuit l'unification du royaume wisigothique mais non plus en faveur de l'arianisme considéré comme une hérésie par les autorités religieuses, mais bien sous l'égide de l'Église catholique. Cette décision capitale dans l'histoire de l'Espagne est prise sous l'influence de Léandre avant d'être officialisée au III concile de Tolède en 589. Récarède poursuit la politique d’intégration et d’unité nationale de son père. Il tire aussi les conséquences de la rébellion de son frère : le pouvoir du roi étant menacé par la puissance de la noblesse, laïque et religieuse, il entreprend une politique tendant à se concilier toute la noblesse en lui faisant des concessions dans le cas des laïcs, en se convertissant au catholicisme dans le cas des religieux. Le règne de Récarède peut se diviser en 2 parties : celle qui précède le concile III de Tolède en 589 ou se passent les faits les plus marquants de son règne, et celle qui le suit. Quelques mois après son élection, Récarède se convertit à titre personnel au catholicisme. De nombreuses rébellions vont éclater, le désir des nobles de reprendre le pouvoir s’abritant souvent derrière le problème religieux. Une première révolte éclate a Merida en 587, vite écrasée grâce à la trahison d’un jeune conjuré, Wittéric, qui deviendra roi quelques années plus tard. En 589, une deuxième tentative dans la Cour même, est rapidement maîtrisée. La 3e a pour centre Narbonne. Du fait de l’intervention des armées franques, elle s’avère être un réel danger pour Récarède. Le combat décisif a lieu près de Carcassonne et voit la victoire écrasante des troupes wisigothes. Avec l’abjuration de l’arianisme par Récarède au Concile de Tolède s’ouvre une nouvelle période pour l’Espagne wisigothique et son Eglise, c’est ce qu’on a appelé la « renaissance isidorienne (Isidore évêque de Séville). La monarchie wisigothique se caractérise par une étroite alliance entre le roi et l’Eglise catholique : « un roi, une foi, une loi » est déjà une devise espagnole. Tolède est la capitale religieuse et politique du royaume. Récarède I meurt à Tolède en décembre 601.
  • I. Rekkared a nyugati gótok hispániai államának királya volt. Apját, Leovigildet követte a trónon. Uralkodása alatt a nyugati gótok az arianizmusról áttértek a katolikus hitre, Rekkared kolostorok alapítója és gazdagítója lett.
  • Regnò dal 586 al 601, anno della sua morte.
  • Reccared I was koning van de Visigoten in Spanje van 586 tot 601. Hij was de zoon van koning Leovigild. In tegenstelling tot zijn vader voerde hij een politiek van vredelievendheid, hoewel hij oorlog voerde tegen de Franken en de Basken. Een belangrijke politieke beslissing was de vrede die hij sloot met het Byzantijnse Keizerrijk. Zijn regering werd verder gekarakteriseerd door het zoeken van verzoening met de onderworpen Romeinse bevolking. Van grote betekenis is Reccared’s bekering tot het Rooms-Katholicisme geweest. Heel soepel ging dit trouwens niet. Reccared moest afrekenen met enkele forse ariaanse opstanden en samenzweringen.
  • Den vestgotiske kong Reccared I var den yngste sønnen til Liuvigild fra hans første ekteskap. Som sin far hadde Reccared sin hovedstad i Toledo. De vestgotiske kongene og adelsmennene var tradisjonelt ariansk kristne, mens den iberisk-romerske befolkningen var katolikker. Den katolske biskopen Leander av Sevilla var viktig i konvertering av den eldre sønnen og arvingen til Liuvigild, Hermenegild, til treenighets–kristendom. Leander støttet ham i et opprør og ble sendt i eksil for sin rolle, mens Reccareds bro, Hermenegild, ble henrettet. Da Liuvigild døde 21. april 586 var Leander rask med å returnere til Toledo. Den nye kongen hadde deltatt i styret av hans fars kongedømme og ble utropt til konge av vestgoterne uten motstand. Etter råd fra sine merovingiske slektninger og fra sin katolske stemor Goiswintha, sendte han ambassadører for å hilse hennes barnebarn Childebert II og hans onkel Guntram, den frankiske kongen av Burgund og foreslå fred og en forsvarsallianse. Guntram nektet å møte dem. I januar 587 ga Reccared avkall på arianismen til fordel for katolisismen, den største enkelthendelsen i hans styre og vendepunktet for vestgoternes Hispania. De fleste arianske adelsmennene og presteskapet fulgte hans eksempel, i hvertfall de som var rundt ham i Toledo, men der var arianske opprør, særlig i Septimania, hans nordligste provins på den andre siden av Pyreneene, hvor lederen for motstanden var den arianske biskopen Atalok, som hadde rykte blant sine katolske fiender for nesten å være en ny Arius. Blant de sekulære lederne av opprøret i Septimania, appellerte grevene Granista og Wildigern til Guntram av Burgund, som så sin mulighet og sendte sin dux Desiderius. Reccareds armé beseiret de arianske opprørerne og deres katolske allierte med stor nedslaktning, Desiderius selv ble drept. Den neste konspirasjonen brøt ut i vest, Lusitania, ledet av Sunna, den arianske biskaopen i Merida, og grev Seggo. Claudius, Reccareds dux Lusitaniae, slo ned opprøret, Sunna ble forvist til Mauritania og Seggo trakk seg tilbake til Galicia. I siste del av 588 ble en tredje konspirasjon ledet av den arianske biskopen Uldila og den tidligere dronningen Goiswintha, men de ble oppdaget og biskopen ble sendt i eksil. Den arianske motstanden nevnes ofte ikke i populærhistorien. Det tredje konsilet i Toledo, organisert av Leander men sammenkalt i kongens navn i mai 589, satte tonen for det nye katolske kongedømmet. Den offentlige bekjennelsen til kongen, lest høyt av en skriver, avslører klarheten i dens teologiske punkter og dens siteringer av skriften at det ble skrevet av andre for kongen. Biskop Leander gav også en triumferende avslutningsseremoni, som hans bror Isidore kalte Homilia de triumpho ecclesiae ob conversionem Gothorum, «kirkens triumf og goternes konvertering». Teksten finnes fortsatt. Leander og de katolske biskopene satte umiddelbart i gang et program av tvunget konvertering av jøder og fjerning av restene av arianisme som «kjetteri». Katolsk historie tilskriver tradisjonelt disse forfølgelsene til de vestgotiske kongene. Da en synode i Toledo etter Reccareds død tok adelsmennenes rett til å velge en konge fra kongefamilien, var overføringen av makten fullstendig. Informasjonen om resten av Reccareds styre er sparsommelig. Isidore av Sevilla, biskop Leanders bror, lovpriser hans fredelige styre, mildhet og generøsitet: standard formell lovprisning. Han hav tilbake forskjellige eiendommer, til og med noen private, som hans far hadde konfiskert og grunnla mange kirker og klostre. Gregor den store skrev til Reccared i august 599 og lovpriser ham entusiastisk for å ha tatt imot den rette tro og oppfordrer hans folk til å gjøre det samme og for at han nekter å ta imot bestikkelser fra jødene for å forkaste en lov mot dem. Han sender ham en del av Kristi kors, noen fragmenter av lenkene til St Peter og noen hår av Johannes døperen. Reccared ble etterfulgt av sin unge sønn Liuva II. Noen av krønikeskriverne til Reccared var Gregor av Tours og Isidore av Sevilla.
  • Rekkared I - król wizygocki w latach 586-601. Objął tron po śmierci ojca, Leowigilda. Prowadził walki z Frankami o Septymanię, wprowadził katolicyzm w miejsce panującego dotąd arianizmu. Na trzecim synodzie toledańskim poparł uchwałę przeciwko Żydom.
  • O rei visigodo Recaredo era o mais jovem dos filhos das primeiras núpcias de Leovigildo. A exemplo de seu pai, Recaredo fez de Toledo a sua capital. Gregório o Grande chamava Recaredo de "Rei dos godos e dos suevos", rex Gothorum atque Suevorum. Os reis e nobres visigodos eram tradicionalmente cristãos arianos, enquanto que a população hispano-romana era católica trinitária. O bispo católico Leandro de Sevilha logrou converter o primogênito de Leovigildo, chamado Hermenegildo, à fé católica, e apoiou-o numa rebelião, o que lhe valeu o exílio (e, no caso de Hermenegildo, a morte). Com a morte de Leovigildo em 586 e a aceitação do catolicismo por Recaredo em 587, este pôde proceder à conversão do reino à fé de Roma, o que foi confirmado pelo III Concílio de Toledo, de 589.
  • Реккаред I — король вестготов, правил в 586 — 601 гг. Младший сын Леовигильда и Феодосии.
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  • 586 – 601
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  • Reccared (or Recared) I (reigned 586—601) was Visigothic King of Hispania, Septimania and Galicia. His reign marked a climactic shift in history, with the king's renunciation of traditional Arianism in favour of Catholic Christianity in 587. Reccared was the younger son of King Liuvigild by his first wife. Like his father, Reccared had his capital at Toledo. The Visigothic kings and nobles were traditionally Arian Christians, while the Hispano-Roman population were Trinitarian Catholics.
  • Rekkared I. (auch Reccared geschrieben; † Dezember 601 in Toledo) war König der Westgoten von April/Mai 586 bis Dezember 601.
  • Recared I fou un rei visigot del 586 al 601. Era fill del rei Leovigild i de la seva primera muller, probablement Teodòsia. Encara que s'ignora la data de naixement del rei, si se sap que Ermenegild, el seu ger mà gran, havia nascut vers el 564, per la qual cosa ell mateix va haver de néixer el 565 o després d'aquesta data.
  • Recaredo I fue rey de los visigodos desde 586 a 601, cuando murió en Toledo. Hijo y sucesor de Leovigildo, combatió a los francos, a los bizantinos (aún presentes en el litoral andaluz) y a los vascones, y hubo de sofocar varias revueltas de los nobles visigodos.
  • Récarède I, dit « le Catholique », est un roi des Wisigoths d'Espagne de 586 à 601. Fils du roi Léovigild et de Goïswinthe, fille d'Amalaric, il accède au trône après une grave crise religieuse et l'exécution de son frère Herménégild qui avait pris la tête du parti catholique contre l'arianisme de leur père.
  • I. Rekkared a nyugati gótok hispániai államának királya volt. Apját, Leovigildet követte a trónon. Uralkodása alatt a nyugati gótok az arianizmusról áttértek a katolikus hitre, Rekkared kolostorok alapítója és gazdagítója lett.
  • Regnò dal 586 al 601, anno della sua morte.
  • Reccared I was koning van de Visigoten in Spanje van 586 tot 601. Hij was de zoon van koning Leovigild. In tegenstelling tot zijn vader voerde hij een politiek van vredelievendheid, hoewel hij oorlog voerde tegen de Franken en de Basken. Een belangrijke politieke beslissing was de vrede die hij sloot met het Byzantijnse Keizerrijk. Zijn regering werd verder gekarakteriseerd door het zoeken van verzoening met de onderworpen Romeinse bevolking.
  • Den vestgotiske kong Reccared I var den yngste sønnen til Liuvigild fra hans første ekteskap. Som sin far hadde Reccared sin hovedstad i Toledo. De vestgotiske kongene og adelsmennene var tradisjonelt ariansk kristne, mens den iberisk-romerske befolkningen var katolikker. Den katolske biskopen Leander av Sevilla var viktig i konvertering av den eldre sønnen og arvingen til Liuvigild, Hermenegild, til treenighets–kristendom.
  • Rekkared I - król wizygocki w latach 586-601. Objął tron po śmierci ojca, Leowigilda. Prowadził walki z Frankami o Septymanię, wprowadził katolicyzm w miejsce panującego dotąd arianizmu. Na trzecim synodzie toledańskim poparł uchwałę przeciwko Żydom.
  • O rei visigodo Recaredo era o mais jovem dos filhos das primeiras núpcias de Leovigildo. A exemplo de seu pai, Recaredo fez de Toledo a sua capital. Gregório o Grande chamava Recaredo de "Rei dos godos e dos suevos", rex Gothorum atque Suevorum. Os reis e nobres visigodos eram tradicionalmente cristãos arianos, enquanto que a população hispano-romana era católica trinitária.
  • Реккаред I — король вестготов, правил в 586 — 601 гг. Младший сын Леовигильда и Феодосии.
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  • Reccared I
  • Rekkared I.
  • Recared
  • Recaredo
  • Récarède Ier
  • I. Rekkared nyugati gót király
  • Recaredo I
  • Reccared I
  • Reccared I
  • Rekkared I
  • Recaredo I
  • Реккаред I
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