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- The Infante Pedro, Duke of Coimbra, was a Portuguese infante (prince) of the House of Aviz, son of King John I of Portugal and his wife Philippa of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt. In Portugal he is better known as Infante D. Pedro das Sete Partidas [do Mundo], "of the Seven Parts [of the World]" because of his travels. Possibly the most well-travelled prince of his time, he was regent between 1439 and 1448. From the time he was born, Pedro was one of John I's favourite sons. Along with his siblings, he received an exceptional education rarely seen in those times. Close to his brother Edward and Infante João, Lord of Reguengos, Pedro grew up in a calm environment free of intrigues. On August 14, 1415 he accompanied his father and brothers Edward and Henry in the conquest of Ceuta in Morocco. His mother had died the previous month, giving each of her sons on her deathbed an arming sword she had ordered forged for them. Pedro refused to be knighted before having shown his valour in battle, being knighted along with his brothers the following day; he was also created duke of Coimbra as his younger brother Henry was made duke of Viseu. These were the first dukedoms created in Portugal. In 1418, having finished the translation of Seneca's De Beneficiis, he initiated his extensive travels throughout Europe, which would keep him away from Portugal for the next ten years. After having met with John II of Castile in Valladolid, he continued to Hungary, where he met with Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor and entered his service. He fought in the Imperial armies against the Turks and in the Hussite Wars in Bohemia, and was awarded the dukedom of Treviso in Northern Italy in 1422. In 1424 he left the Holy Roman Empire, meeting first with Murad II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, on the island of Patmos, and then continuing to Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire; the hopeless position of the city against the Ottoman onslaught didn't fail to impress him. From Constantinople he travelled to the Holy Land via Alexandria and Cairo. In 1425 he travelled west to France and England, visiting the universities of Paris and Oxford, before arriving in Flanders in 1426, where he spent the next two years at the Burgundian court. The second wife of Philip the Good of Burgundy having died in 1425, Pedro recommended him his sister Isabel as wife (Philip later sent a delegation to Portugal in 1428-29, which included Jan van Eyck, who painted two portraits of the Infanta; Philip and Isabel eventually married on January 7, 1430, one of their sons being the future duke Charles the Bold). In 1427 Pedro wrote a famous letter to his older brother, the later King Edward, on "the proper administration of the kingdoms", from Bruges; later that year Henry VI of England (his first cousin once removed) made him a Knight of the Garter (as were already his father and older brother). In 1428 Pedro visited his dukedom of Treviso and nearby Venice, where he was presented with a copy of the book of Marco Polo by the doge; he later offered that book, and maps of the Venetian trade routes in the Orient he purchased, to his younger brother Henry. From Venice he then travelled to Rome, where he was received by Pope Martin V, and from there he continued to Barcelona, where he negotiated the marriage of his brother Edward with Leonor of Aragon as well as his own future marriage with Isabel of Urgell before finally returning to Portugal after ten years abroad, of travelling and learning. In 1429 Pedro married Isabel of Urgell, daughter of James II, Count of Urgell and candidate to the throne of the Crown of Aragon at the Compromise of Caspe. In 1433 he completed his famous six-volume work, the Tratado da Virtuosa Benfeitoria. When his brother King Edward I of Portugal died in 1438, his son Afonso V (Pedro's nephew) was an infant and the choice for the regency was the Queen-Mother Leonor of Aragon. This choice for the regency was not popular because Leonor was Aragonese, so in a reunion of the Cortes, summoned by Pedro's brother Infante John, Lord of Reguengos de Monsaraz, Pedro was appointed as Regent of the Kingdom during the minority of his nephew Afonso V, a choice that pleased both the people and the fast-growing Bourgeoisie. However, inside the Portuguese aristocracy, especially the ones around Afonso, Count of Barcelos (Pedro's half-brother), Leonor of Aragon was preferred and there were doubts about Pedro's political ability. A war of influences started and a few years later Afonso of Barcelos managed to become young King Afonso V's favourite uncle. In 1443, in a gesture of reconciliation, Pedro created his own half-brother Afonso Duke of Braganza and relations between the two seemed to return to normality. But, in 1445, the now duke of Braganza took offence because Isabel of Coimbra, Pedro's daughter was the choice for Afonso V's wife, and not one of his daughters. Indifferent to the intrigues, Pedro continued his regency and the country prospered under his influence. It is during this period that the first subsidies for the exploration of the Atlantic Ocean were implemented, and the organization was given to Henry the Navigator (Pedro's brother). On June 9 1448 Afonso V came of age and Pedro gave him the control of the country to the king. Influenced by Afonso, Count of Barcelos, and recently Duke of Braganza, Afonso V nullified all Pedro's edicts, starting, against himself, by the ones that concentrated the powers in the figure of the King. The following year, under accusations that years later would prove false, Afonso V declared his uncle Pedro, Duke of Coimbra a rebel. The situation became unsustainable and a civil war begun. It was short because on May 20 1449, during the Battle of Alfarrobeira, near Alverca, Pedro, Duke of Coimbra died. The exact conditions of his death are debatable: some say it was in combat, while others say he was assassinated by one of his own men. With the death of Pedro, Portugal fell in the hands of Afonso, Duke of Braganza, with a growing influence over the destiny of the country. However, his regency would never be forgotten, and Pedro was cited many times by his grandson King John II of Portugal as his main influence. The cruel persecution of the Braganzas by John II was perhaps the answer to the conspiracies that caused the fall of one of the major princes of the Ínclita Geração. From his marriage to Isabella of Aragon, Countess of Urgell, Pedro had the following children: Infante Pedro of Coimbra (1429-1466), Constable of Portugal in 1443, in 1464 he was acclaimed King of Aragon as Pedro V. Infante João of Coimbra (1431-1457), married Charlotte of Lusignan, heir princess of Cyprus, in 1456. Was created titular Prince of Antioch, and was possibly poisoned by his stepmother. Infanta Isabel of Coimbra (1432-1455), Queen of Portugal by marriage to Afonso V. Infante Jaime of Coimbra (1434-1459), Cardinal and Archbishop of Lisbon, lived in Italy; his beautiful tomb is in the convent church of San Miniato al Monte in Florence. Infanta Beatriz of Coimbra (1435-1462), married Adolf of Clèves, Lord of Ravenstein. Infanta Filipa of Coimbra (1437-1493), a.k.a. Filipa de Lencastre (Philippa of Lancaster), a nun.
- Peter von Portugal war Prinz von Portugal aus dem Hause Avis und erster Herzog von Coimbra. Er regierte Portugal als Prinzregent von 1439 bis 1449.
- Pere de Portugal, infant de Portugal, duc de Coïmbra i regent de Portugal.
- Pedro de Coimbra (Avis) y Lancaster. Infante de Portugal y 1º Duque de Coimbra. Hijo de Juan I el de Buena Memoria y de la princesa inglesa Felipa de Lancaster (nieta de Eduardo III de Inglaterra, hija de Juan de Gante, duque de Lancaster, y hermana de Enrique IV de Inglaterra). Pedro fue, desde su nacimiento, uno de los hijos favoritos de Juan I, quien le proporcionó una educación esmerada y excepcional, época en que los grandes señores eran poco más que analfabetos. Cercano a su su hermanos Eduardo y Juan, Pedro creció en un ambiente tranquilo y libre de intrigas. En 1415, acompaña a su padre a la conquista de Ceuta y es armado caballero al día siguiente de tomada la plaza. A esta altura le es conferido el ducado de Coimbra. En 1429 se casa con Isabel de Aragón, condesa de Urgel: Pedro, 5º Condestable del reino, durante um breve período fue aclamado rey de Aragón con el nombre de Pedro V; Juan, Principe de Antioquia, casado con Carlota de Lusignan, princesa heredera de Chipre; Isabel, casada con su primo y soberano Alfonso V. Fue la madre de Juan II; Jaime, Cardenal y Arzobispo de Lisboa. Beatriz, casada com Adolfo de Clèves, señor de Ravenstein; Felipa, monja. A la muerte de su hermano Eduardo I, ascendió al trono lusitano su sobrino Alfonso V. Menor de edad, el nuevo monarca quedó bajo la regencia de su madre Leonor de Aragón, de acuerdo con los últimos deseos de su padre. Además de mujer, su madre era extranjera por lo que su popularidad era muy baja. El único aliado de la reina era Alfonso, conde de Barcelos e hijo ilegítimo de Juan I. Al año siguiente, las Cortes decidieron reemplazar en la regencia a la reina por Pedro. La política de Pedro se centró en minimizar la supremacía de las grandes casas nobles, reinos dentro del reino, y en concentrar el poder en la persona del rey. El país prosperó bajo su gobierno pero no de una forma pacífica, ya que sus leyes se enfrentaban con las ambiciones de los nobles poderosos. El conde Alfonso de Barcelos, enemigo personal de Pedro, se convirtió en el tío favorito del rey lo que le permitió aumentar su poder. En 1442, el rey concedió a Alfonso el título de duque de Braganza. Con este título y las tierras que le pertenecían se convirtió en el hombre más poderosos de Portugal y uno de los más ricos de Europa. Para asegurar su posición como regente, Pedro casó en 1445 a su hija, Isabel, con el rey Alfonso V. Pero el 9 de junio de 1448, al alcanzar el rey su mayoría de edad, Pedro tuvo que entregar todo su poder a Alfonso V. El 15 de septiembre de ese mismo año, Alfonso V anuló todas las leyes y edictos que se habían aprobado durante la regencia. La situación se volvió inestable y, en los años siguientes, Alfonso, con apoyo del duque de Braganza, declaró la guerra a Pedro y derrotó a su ejército en la batalla de Alfarrobeira. En la contienda, el infante Pedro falleció.
- Dom Pedro, duque de Coimbra, Regente do Reino portugál infáns I. János portugál király fia volt. 1415-ben, Ceuta elfoglalása után Coimbra hercegi címét nyerte el. 1424 és 1428 közt hosszú utazást tett, megfordult Angliában, Franciaországban, Palesztinában. Hosszabb időt töltött Magyarországon is, ahol Luxemburgi Zsigmond oldalán részt vett a törökök elleni harcokban. Bátyja, Dom Duarte halála után 1438 és 1440 közt Portugália régense volt. Az unokaöccse, V. Alfonz ellen vívott testvérháborúban halt meg, az Alfarrobeira melletti csatában. Dom Pedro komoly forrásértékkel bíró levelezése mellett az irodalomtörténetbe elsősorban latin fordításai okán vonult be. Cicerótól, Senecától, Vegetiustól és Egidio Romanótól fordított. A Tratado de Virtuosa Bemfeitoria (Az erényes jótéteményekről szóló értekezés) című munkája, amely 1430 és 1433 közt keletkezett, első változatában alig valamivel több, mint Seneca De Beneficiis-ének szabad fordítása. Gyóntatója, Frei João de Verba átdolgozásaival és jegyzeteivel bővítve vált a kor színvonalán álló, skolasztikus alkotássá, a feudalizmus társadalmi-vallási elméletét felvázoló alkotássá. A munka a világot piramis formájában mutatja be: a csúcson Isten áll, alapján pedig az állatok s egyéb oktalan lények. A társadalmi hierarchia különböző lépcsőfokait a magasabb szinteken állóktól az alacsonyabb szinteken állóknak juttatott jótétemények kapcsolják össze. Dom Pedro fordításai jelentős mértékben járultak hozzá a portugál irodalmi nyelv fejlődéséhez.
- ペドロ・デ・ポルトゥガル（ポルトガル語：Infante Pedro de Portugal, Duque de Coimbra, 1392年 - 1449年5月20日）は、ポルトガル・アヴィシュ家の王族。コインブラ公。ジョアン1世と王妃フィリパの三男として生まれた。ポルトガルでは、ペドロが外国旅行を長くしたことから、Infante D. Pedro das Sete Partidas （世界の七カ所の王子）の名前で有名である。当時珍しい外国旅行をした人物で、1439年から1448年まで摂政を務めた。
- Peter van Portugal, Graaf van Coimbra was regent van het koninkrijk Portugal uit het Huis Aviz.
- Pedro - infant i regent Portugalii, książę Coimbry. Był synem króla Portugalii Jana I i jego żony królowej Filipy. Od śmierci brata króla Edwarda I w 1438 do wszczęcia przeciw niemu buntu jego przyrodniego brata księcia Bragançy Alfonsa przy poparciu króla Alfonsa V w 1448 sprawował regencję. Poległ walcząc z jego siłami w Bitwie pod Alfarrobeirą. W 1429 poślubił hrabinę Urgel Izabelę. Para miała sześcioro dzieci: Infanta Piotra, przyszłego króla Aragonii Infanta Jana Infatkę Izabelę, przyszłą królową Portugalii Infanta Jaime Infantkę Beatriz Infantkę Filipę
- D. Pedro, infante de Portugal, 1º duque de Coimbra, foi um príncipe da Dinastia de Avis, filho do rei D. João I e de D. Filipa de Lencastre. Entre 1439 e 1448 foi regente de Portugal. Devido às suas viagens ao estrangeiro, ficou conhecido como o Infante das Sete partidas. Tendo recebido nelas o feudo de Treviso, pelo imperador Segismundo da Hungria, e investido cavaleiro da Ordem da Jarreteira pelo seu primo Henrique IV de Inglaterra. Dom Pedro foi, desde a nascença, um dos filhos favoritos de D. João I, que lhe proporcionou uma educação esmerada e excepcional numa era em que os grandes senhores eram pouco mais, senão mesmo, analfabetos. Muito próximo dos irmãos Dom Duarte e Dom João, Pedro cresceu num ambiente tranquilo e livre de intrigas. Em 1415, acompanha o pai na conquista de Ceuta e é feito cavaleiro no dia seguinte à tomada da cidade, na recém consagrada mesquita. É nesta altura que lhe é conferido o ducado de Coimbra, tornando-se, com o irmão Dom Henrique, 1º duque de Viseu, nos dois primeiros duques criados em Portugal. Em 1429, D. Pedro casa com a princesa D. Isabel de Aragão, condessa de Urgel, em determinada altura herdeira de Aragão, com quem constitui, segundo as fontes, uma união de amor. Na morte de Dom Duarte, seu rei e irmão mais velho, Dom Pedro é preterido na regência de D. Afonso V de Portugal a favor da rainha mãe, D. Leonor de Aragão. A escolha do falecido rei não era, no entanto, popular e a facção opositora de D. Leonor em breve saíu às ruas. Um motim em Lisboa foi evitado in extremis, convocando-se uma reunião das cortes para normalizar a situação. O resultado do encontro foi a nomeação de D. Pedro para a regência do pequeno rei, deixando a classe média de burgueses e mercadores deveras satisfeita. No entanto, dentro da aristocracia, em particular D. Afonso, conde de Barcelos (meio irmão de D. Pedro), preferia-se a mais maleável D. Leonor de Aragão e desconfiava-se do valor do Infante. Começa então uma guerra surda de influências e D. Afonso consegue transformar-se no tio favorito de D. Afonso V. Em 1443, num gesto de reconciliação, D. Pedro torna o meio irmão D. Afonso no primeiro duque de Bragança e as relações entre os dois parecem regressar à normalidade. Indiferente às intrigas, Pedro continua a sua regência e o país prospera sob a sua influência. É durante este período que se concedem os primeiros subsídios à exploração do oceano Atlântico, organizada pelo Infante D. Henrique. Finalmente, a 9 de Junho de 1448, D. Afonso V atinge a maioridade e D. Pedro entrega o controlo de Portugal ao rei, verificando-se o grau de influência do Duque de Bragança sobre D. Afonso. A 15 de Setembro, D. Afonso V anula todos os éditos de D. Pedro, começando, contra si próprio, pelos que determinavam a concentração do poder na pessoa do rei. A única coisa que D. Afonso parece não aceitar é a separação da rainha D. Isabel, por muito a estimar. No ano seguinte, sob acusações que haveria mais tarde de descobrir falsas, D. Afonso V declara o Infante Dom Pedro um rebelde. A situação torna-se insustentável, e começa uma guerra civil. Breve, pois a 20 de Maio de 1449 ocorreu a batalha de Alfarrobeira no Forte da Casa, perto de Alverca, durante a qual o Infante morreu. As condições exactas da sua morte continuam a causar debate: aparentemente D. Pedro morreu em combate, mas a hipótese de um assassínio disfarçado na batalha nunca foi descartada. Com a morte de D. Pedro, Portugal caiu nas mãos de D. Afonso, 1º duque de Bragança, com cada vez mais poder sobre o rei. No entanto, o período da sua regência nunca foi esquecido e D. Pedro foi citado muitas vezes pelo rei D. João II de Portugal (seu neto) como sendo a sua maior influência. A perseguição implacável que D. João II moveu aos Bragança foi talvez em resposta às conspirações que causaram a queda do maior príncipe da Ínclita geração.
- Педру, герцог Коимбры — правитель Португалии, второй сын Жуан I, короля Португалии и Альгарвы. После смерти его старшего брата Эдуарда и во время несовершеннолетия Афонса V герцог Коимбрский в 1440 был избран кортесами в регенты Португалии. Ему принадлежит инициатива в издании законодательного сборника, известного под именем «Законов Афонсу V». Педру сохранил некоторое время своё влиятельное положение и после совершеннолетия короля, но затем, заподозренный в желании присвоить себе корону, был объявлен изменником. Причины смерти неясны: некоторые исследователи полагают что герцог погиб в сражении 20 мая 1449 близ ручья Альфарробейру, другие утверждают что он был убит одним из своих приближенных.
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