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- Prairie School was a late 19th and early 20th century architectural style, most common to the Midwestern United States. The works of the Prairie School architects are usually marked by horizontal lines, flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves, windows grouped in horizontal bands, integration with the landscape, solid construction, craftsmanship, and discipline in the use of ornament. Horizontal lines were thought to evoke and relate to the native prairie landscape. The term "Prairie School" was not actually used by these architects to describe themselves (for instance, Marion Mahony used the phrase The Chicago Group); the term was coined by H. Allen Brooks, one of the first architectural historians to write extensively about these architects and their work. The Prairie School developed in sympathy with the ideals and design esthetics of the Arts and Crafts movement begun at the turn of the 20th century in England by John Ruskin, William Morris, and others. The Prairie school shared an embrace of handcrafting and craftsman guilds as a reaction against the new assembly line, mass production manufacturing techniques, which they felt created inferior products and dehumanized workers. The Prairie school was also an attempt at developing an indigenous North American style of architecture that did not share design elements and esthetic vocabulary with earlier styles of European classical architecture. Many talented and ambitious young architects had been attracted by building opportunities stemming from the great Chicago fire of 1871. The World's Columbian Exposition (Chicago World's Fair) of 1893 was supposed to be a heralding of the city of Chicago's rebirth. But many of the young Mid-western architects of what would become the Prairie School were offended by the Greek and Roman classicism of nearly every building erected for the fair. In reaction, they sought to create new work in and around Chicago that would display an uniquely modern and authentically American style, which came to be called Prairie. The designation Prairie is due to the dominant horizontality of the majority of Prairie style buildings which echos the wide, flat, tree-less expanses of the mid-Western United States. The most famous proponent of the style, Frank Lloyd Wright, promoted an idea of "organic architecture", the primary tenet of which was that a structure should look as if it naturally grew from the site. Wright also felt that a horizontal orientation was a distinctly American design motif, in that the younger country had much more open, undeveloped land than found in most older, urbanized European nations.
- Die Prairie Houses sind Gebäude eines architektonischen Stils, der sich im späten 19. Jahrhundert und zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts im Mittleren Westen der Vereinigten Staaten etablierte. Mehrere Architekten lassen sich zur sogenannten „Prairie School“ zusammenfassen. Die zugehörigen Architekten stehen jeweils in Verbindung zu Louis Sullivan, der selbst aber nicht zur „Prairie School“ zu rechnen ist. Der Begriff wurde erst im nachhinein durch den Architekturhistoriker H. Allen Brooks geprägt. Die Gebäude dieser Architekten zeichnen sich durch eine horizontale Linienführung aus. Dem entspricht, dass die Fenster in horizontalen Reihen angeordnet wurden. Die Dächer wurden als Flach- oder Walmdach mit weit überstehenden Traufen ausgeführt. Das Ziel war es ein hohes Maß an Integration der Gebäude in die Landschaft zu erreichen. Frank Lloyd Wright erhob diese Architekturform zum Konzept des "Prairie Style", der sich durch offene Raumgestaltung, horizontale Ausrichtung und die Verwendung natürlicher Materialien auszeichnet. Das Konzept steht im Zusammenhang mit dem Arts and Crafts Movement, die handwerklicher Arbeit den Vorzug vor industrieller Fertigung gab und auf Einfachheit und Funktionalität wert legte. Damit trat sie in Opposition zur vorherrschenden neoklassischen Architektur der Zeit. Dieses Konzept ist im Zusammenhang mit den geistigen Strömungen der amerikanischen Romantik und der Klassischen Moderne zu verstehen.
- La Prairie School est un mouvement architectural de la fin du XIX siècle et du début du XX siècle qui concerna surtout le Midwest des États-Unis. Le style est marqué par la présence de lignes horizontales, de toits plats, de larges avant-toits en saillie et d'une ornementation maîtrisée. Il se place en rupture avec les façons de construire du XIX siècle. L'horizontalité devait rappeler le paysage plan des Grandes Plaines, et expliquer le nom de cette école. Le principal initiateur fut Louis Sullivan, mais d'autres architectes appartiennent à ce mouvement : Frank Lloyd Wright Walter Burley Griffin Marion Mahony Griffin William Gray Purcell George Grant Elmslie
- La Prairie School (letteralmente "Scuola della prateria") è uno stile architettonico principalmente statunitense apparso tra la fine del XIX e l'inizio del XX secolo. Lo stile è caratterizzato da linee orizzontali, tetti piani o con moderate pendenze, cornicioni molto aggettanti. La Prairie School è principalmente associata con una generazione di architetti impiegati o influenzati da Louis Sullivan o Frank Lloyd Wright, ma generalmente non include lo stesso Sullivan. Sebbene la Prairie School abbia avuto origine a Chicago, alcuni dei suoi esponenti esportarono lo stile ben oltre l'area del Midwest. Tra gli esponenti di questo stile si possono ricordare: Percy Dwight Bentley Barry Byrne Alfred Caldwell William Drummond Marion Mahony Griffin Walter Burley Griffin George Grant Elmslie George Washington Maher Dwight Heald Perkins William Gray Purcell Claude and Starck William LaBarthe Steele John S. Van Bergen Andrew Willatzen Frank Lloyd Wright
- Prairie School, foi um estilo arquitetônico do final do Século XIX e começo do Século XX, principalmente representado no meio-oeste dos Estados Unidos. Os projetos dos arquitetos da Prairie School usualmente são marcados por linhas horizontais, coberturas planas ou levemente inclinadas frequentemente apresentando lages terminando em beirais com grandes balanços parcialmente sobrepostos, janelas agrupadas formando amplos conjuntos horizontais, integração com a paisagem, construção sólida, paredes com texturas ou relevos, e economia no uso de ornamentos. As linhas horizontais supostamente deveriam evocar e relacionar-se com a paisagem natural das pradarias. O termo Prairie School, que poderia ser traduzido por Escola da Pradaria, na realidade não era empregado pelos seus arquitetos para se descreverem. Marion Mahony Griffin, por exemplo, referia-se a The Chicago Group; o termo Prairie School foi cunhado por Allen Brooks, um dos primeiros historiadores de arquitetura a escrever extensivamente sobre estes arquitetos e suas obras.
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- Prairie School was a late 19th and early 20th century architectural style, most common to the Midwestern United States. The works of the Prairie School architects are usually marked by horizontal lines, flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves, windows grouped in horizontal bands, integration with the landscape, solid construction, craftsmanship, and discipline in the use of ornament. Horizontal lines were thought to evoke and relate to the native prairie landscape.
- Die Prairie Houses sind Gebäude eines architektonischen Stils, der sich im späten 19. Jahrhundert und zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts im Mittleren Westen der Vereinigten Staaten etablierte. Mehrere Architekten lassen sich zur sogenannten „Prairie School“ zusammenfassen. Die zugehörigen Architekten stehen jeweils in Verbindung zu Louis Sullivan, der selbst aber nicht zur „Prairie School“ zu rechnen ist. Der Begriff wurde erst im nachhinein durch den Architekturhistoriker H.
- La Prairie School est un mouvement architectural de la fin du XIX siècle et du début du XX siècle qui concerna surtout le Midwest des États-Unis. Le style est marqué par la présence de lignes horizontales, de toits plats, de larges avant-toits en saillie et d'une ornementation maîtrisée. Il se place en rupture avec les façons de construire du XIX siècle. L'horizontalité devait rappeler le paysage plan des Grandes Plaines, et expliquer le nom de cette école.
- La Prairie School (letteralmente "Scuola della prateria") è uno stile architettonico principalmente statunitense apparso tra la fine del XIX e l'inizio del XX secolo. Lo stile è caratterizzato da linee orizzontali, tetti piani o con moderate pendenze, cornicioni molto aggettanti. La Prairie School è principalmente associata con una generazione di architetti impiegati o influenzati da Louis Sullivan o Frank Lloyd Wright, ma generalmente non include lo stesso Sullivan.
- Prairie School, foi um estilo arquitetônico do final do Século XIX e começo do Século XX, principalmente representado no meio-oeste dos Estados Unidos.
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