Osteopathic medicine is a branch of the medical profession in the United States. Osteopathic physicians, known as DOs, are licensed to practice medicine and surgery in all 50 states and are recognized in forty-seven other countries, including most Canadian provinces. Frontier physician Andrew Taylor Still founded the profession as a radical rejection of the prevailing system of medical thought of the 19th century.

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  • Osteopathic medicine is a branch of the medical profession in the United States. Osteopathic physicians, known as DOs, are licensed to practice medicine and surgery in all 50 states and are recognized in forty-seven other countries, including most Canadian provinces. Frontier physician Andrew Taylor Still founded the profession as a radical rejection of the prevailing system of medical thought of the 19th century. Still's techniques relied heavily on the manipulation of joints and bones to diagnose and treat illness, and he called his practices "osteopathy". By the middle of the 20th century, the profession had moved closer to mainstream medicine, adopting modern public health and biomedical principles. American "osteopaths" became "osteopathic physicians", gradually achieving full practice rights as medical doctors in all 50 states, including serving in the US armed forces as physicians. In the 21st century, the training of osteopathic physicians in the United States is very similar to that of their MD counterparts. Osteopathic physicians attend 4 years of medical school followed by at least 3 years of residency. They use all conventional methods of diagnosis and treatment. Though still trained in Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine (OMM), the modern derivative of Still's techniques, a minority of osteopathic physicians use it in actual practice. Osteopathic medicine is considered by some in the United States to be both a profession and a social movement, especially for its historically greater emphasis on primary care and holistic health. However, any distinction between the MD and the DO professions has eroded steadily; diminishing numbers of DO graduates enter primary care fields, fewer use OMM, holistic patient care models are increasingly taught at MD schools, and increasing numbers of DO graduates choose to train in non-osteopathic residency programs. Discussions about the future of osteopathic medicine frequently debate the utility of maintaining a separate, distinct pathway for educating physicians in the United States. Studies have repeatedly shown that many recent osteopathic medical graduates are either uninterested in or reluctant to embrace an identity distinct from their MD counterparts. The rapid expansion in the number and size of schools has raised questions as to the quality of education at certain newer private osteopathic medical schools. Leaders within the osteopathic community have referred to the present situation as a crisis. Another contentious topic has been for-profit medical education, which osteopathic accreditors permit.
  • オステオパシー (Osteopathy)とは1874年にアメリカミズーリ州のカークスビル在住の医師アンドリュー・テイラー・スティル (Andrew Taylor Still)によって創始された。日本ではカイロプラクティック、スポンディロセラピーと共にアメリカ三大整体術と呼ばれているTemplate:誰2。（ただし、スポンディロセラピーはすでに失われた手法であり、詳細は明らかではない。）1899年にウィリアム・ガナー・サザーランドにより頭蓋縫合の関節運動の研究がなされ、頭蓋に対するオステオパシー療法という新しい分野が開拓された。 オステオパシーはギリシア語のOsteon（骨）とPathos（病理、治療）の2つを語源とし、日本では整骨療法と呼ばれていたこともあるが、骨のみを調整する手技とは異なり、骨格などの運動器系、動脈・静脈やリンパなどの循環器系、脳脊髄液の循環を含む脳神経系など、解剖学的あるいは生理学的な広範囲の医学知識の元に、手を使って治療を加える。現在ではオステオパシーとそのままで呼ぶ。しかし、単なる療法ではなく、オステオパシーとは、そのままでひとつの哲学であり、1. 身体全体をひとつのユニットとして考える、2. 身体の機能と構造は一体のものであると考える、3. 自然治癒力を鼓舞することを主眼とするなど、独特の医学体系を持つ。 オステオパシーとは、療法を指す用語ではない。たとえば、東洋医学の中に鍼療法があるように、オステオパシー医学という医療哲学のひとつの体系のことである。従って、その意味では、オステオパシー「療法」というのは正しくない。
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  • To ask a doctor's opinion of osteopathy is equivalent to going to Satan for information about Christianity."
  • "To find health should be the object of the doctor.
  • Anyone can find disease."
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  • Mark Twain, 1901
  • Andrew Taylor Still, 1874
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  • Osteopathic medicine is a branch of the medical profession in the United States. Osteopathic physicians, known as DOs, are licensed to practice medicine and surgery in all 50 states and are recognized in forty-seven other countries, including most Canadian provinces. Frontier physician Andrew Taylor Still founded the profession as a radical rejection of the prevailing system of medical thought of the 19th century.
  • オステオパシー (Osteopathy)とは1874年にアメリカミズーリ州のカークスビル在住の医師アンドリュー・テイラー・スティル (Andrew Taylor Still)によって創始された。日本ではカイロプラクティック、スポンディロセラピーと共にアメリカ三大整体術と呼ばれているTemplate:誰2。（ただし、スポンディロセラピーはすでに失われた手法であり、詳細は明らかではない。）1899年にウィリアム・ガナー・サザーランドにより頭蓋縫合の関節運動の研究がなされ、頭蓋に対するオステオパシー療法という新しい分野が開拓された。 オステオパシーはギリシア語のOsteon（骨）とPathos（病理、治療）の2つを語源とし、日本では整骨療法と呼ばれていたこともあるが、骨のみを調整する手技とは異なり、骨格などの運動器系、動脈・静脈やリンパなどの循環器系、脳脊髄液の循環を含む脳神経系など、解剖学的あるいは生理学的な広範囲の医学知識の元に、手を使って治療を加える。現在ではオステオパシーとそのままで呼ぶ。しかし、単なる療法ではなく、オステオパシーとは、そのままでひとつの哲学であり、1.
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  • Osteopathic medicine in the United States
  • オステオパシー
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