The Northern Berber languages are a language continuum across the Maghreb that form a sub-family within the Berber languages. Their continuity is broken by the spread of Arabic, and to a lesser extent by the Zenati subgroup, which, though unmistakably Northern Berber, shares certain innovations not found in the surrounding languages, notably a softening of k to sh or ch, and an absence of a- in certain words, such as "hand" (afus vs. fus.

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  • The Northern Berber languages are a language continuum across the Maghreb that form a sub-family within the Berber languages. Their continuity is broken by the spread of Arabic, and to a lesser extent by the Zenati subgroup, which, though unmistakably Northern Berber, shares certain innovations not found in the surrounding languages, notably a softening of k to sh or ch, and an absence of a- in certain words, such as "hand" (afus vs. fus. ) They include (languages with over a million speakers in bold): Moroccan Atlas languages: Tachelhit language (also called Tasusit, Shilha; includes "Judeo-Berber language"), in southern Morocco Central Morocco Tamazight Senhaja de Srair language (listed erroneously as Zenati by the Ethnologue), in the southern part of the Rif in Morocco Zenati languages Ghomara language, in the northwestern part of the Rif in Morocco Tarifit language, in northern Morocco Beni Snous, in western Algeria near the border Arzew, in western Algeria (extinct?) South Oranais Berber, in the ksours along the Algerian-Moroccan border Figuig dialect, in southeastern Morocco Central Maghreb Berber Achacha (extinct), north of Mostaghanem in Algeria Bel Halima (extinct), west of Tiaret in Algeria Ouarsenis (extinct?), east of El Asnam in Algeria Haraoua (extinct?), south of Ain Defla in Algeria Chenoua language/Beni Menacer/Djebel Bissa, between Tipasa and Ténès in north-central Algeria west of Algiers Chaouia language, south of Constantine in northeastern Algeria northern Saharan varieties: Tumzabt language of the Mzab, Algeria Ouargli language/Teggargarent at Ouargla, Algeria "Temacine Tamazight language" in Oued Righ, around Touggourt and Temacine (Algeria) "Taznatit language" of Touat and Gourara, Algeria (the Ethnologue name "Taznatit" is a misnomer, since that name is in fact used for most of the Zenati languages) Tidikelt language Sened language in Tunisia (extinct) Djerbi language in southern Tunisia Zuara language (controversially classified by the Ethnologue as part of Nafusi, along with the previous), in northwestern Libya Kabyle language, in Kabylia, east of Algiers Various groups near Blida, such as the Beni Salah and Beni Bou Yaqoub (extinct?) The eastern boundaries of the group seem to be controversial; some sources include the Nafusi language and the Ghadames language, while others do not. Most sources agree in regarding Ghadames language as outside of Northern Berber, but the Ethnologue does not. There is no authoritative answer to the question of which of these to describe as a "language" versus a "dialect"; some academics have seen not only Northern Berber but all the Berber languages as dialects of a single language, while others come up with much higher counts. At any rate, mutual comprehensibility among Northern Berber languages is high, though not perfect.
  • Las lenguas bereberes septentrionales son una subfamilia de las lenguas bereberes habladas de un extremo a otro del Magreb. Su continuidad se rompe por la expansión del Árabe, y en menor medida por el subgrupo Zenati, el cual, aunque sin lugar a dudas las bereberes septentrionales, comparten ciertas innovaciones que no encuentran en las lenguas circundantes, un notable suavizar de k a sh o ch, y la falta de a- en ciertas palabras, como "mano" (afus vs. fus). Incluye (Lenguas con más de 1 millón de hablantes): Atlas: Judeo-Bereber Tachelhit Tamazight del Atlas Central (Marruecos Chenoua Cabil Cabil Zanata Zanata oriental Ghomara Mzab-Wargla Rifeño Shawiya Tidikelt Los límites orientales parecen ser difusos: algunas fuentes incluyen la lengua nafusi y el ghadames, mientras que otras no. La mayoría de las fuentes están de acuerdo respecto a que el ghadames está por fuera de las bereberes septentrionales, pero Ethnologue no. No hay una respuesta autorizada a la duda de cuál de éstos describir como una "lengua" versus un "dialecto", algunos académicos han visto a las bereberes septentrionales sino a todas las lenguas bereberes como dialectos de una sola lengua, mientras otros surgieron con cuentas mucho más altas. En cualquier caso, la comprensibilidad mutua entre las lenguas bereberes septentrionales es alta, aunque no perfecta.
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  • Afro-Asiatic
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  • Northern Berber
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  • The Northern Berber languages are a language continuum across the Maghreb that form a sub-family within the Berber languages. Their continuity is broken by the spread of Arabic, and to a lesser extent by the Zenati subgroup, which, though unmistakably Northern Berber, shares certain innovations not found in the surrounding languages, notably a softening of k to sh or ch, and an absence of a- in certain words, such as "hand" (afus vs. fus.
  • Las lenguas bereberes septentrionales son una subfamilia de las lenguas bereberes habladas de un extremo a otro del Magreb. Su continuidad se rompe por la expansión del Árabe, y en menor medida por el subgrupo Zenati, el cual, aunque sin lugar a dudas las bereberes septentrionales, comparten ciertas innovaciones que no encuentran en las lenguas circundantes, un notable suavizar de k a sh o ch, y la falta de a- en ciertas palabras, como "mano" (afus vs. fus).
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  • Northern Berber languages
  • Lenguas bereberes septentrionales
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