Nair, also known as Nayar, refers to "not a unitary group but a named category of castes", which historically embodied several castes and many subdivisions, not all of whom bore the Nair title. These people historically lived in the present-day Indian state of Kerala. Their internal caste behaviours and systems were markedly different between the northern and southern sections of the area, and information regarding those who inhabited the north is scanty.
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- Nair, also known as Nayar, refers to "not a unitary group but a named category of castes", which historically embodied several castes and many subdivisions, not all of whom bore the Nair title. These people historically lived in the present-day Indian state of Kerala. Their internal caste behaviours and systems were markedly different between the northern and southern sections of the area, and information regarding those who inhabited the north is scanty. Nairs live in large family units called tharavads and practiced an unusual marriage system. Tharavads were large family units where descendents of one common ancestress lived, often consisting of as many as 80 members. Nair marriage was divided into two separate rituals, the pre-puberty thalikettu kalyanam and the later sambandham. This practice led to some women (predominantly from central Kerala) bearing legitimate children with several husbands, and in some areas it lasted until the 1960s. Some Nair women from higher subdivisions also practiced hypergamy with Nambudiri Brahmins from the Malabar area. The Nairs were classed as a martial race by the British, but were de-listed after rebelling against them under Velu Thampi Dalawa in 1809. Thereafter, they were recruited in low numbers into the British Indian Army. Only Nairs were recruited into the Travancore Nair Brigade until 1935. This new unit, the Travancore State Force, was merged into the Indian Army after independence and became the 9th Battalion Madras Regiment, the oldest battalion in the Indian Army. The serpent is worshipped as guardian of the clan among Nair families. The worship of snakes, a Dravidian custom, is so prevalent in the area that one modern historian notes: "In no part of the world is snake worship more general than in Kerala. " Generally, serpent groves (Sarppakkāvu) are found in the southwestern corner of every Nair compound.
- Nayar oder Nair ist der Name einer Hindu-Kshatriya-Jati im südindischen Bundesstaat Kerala. Vor der Eroberung durch die Briten im Jahr 1792 gab es in der Kerala-Region kleine feudale Königshäuser, in denen die Königs- und Fürstenclans, das Militär und die meisten ländlichen Grundbesitzer zur Kaste der Nayar gehörten. Die Nayars sind bekannt für ihre Geschichte als Krieger, insbesondere auch für ihre Kampfkunst, das Kalaripayattu. Die Nayar-Familien hatten traditionell ein matrilineares Verwandtschaftssystem. Bezüglich der Ehe hatten die Nayars ungewöhnliche Sitten und Gebräuche: Vorlage:Zitat Die meisten Nayars tragen als Zunamen den Namen ihrer Großfamilie, des Tharavadu. Dazu werden weitere Nachnamen angefügt, die der Identifikation der Abstammung dienen. Die Könige von Cochin übertrugen den Nayars Fürstentitel wie Achan, Kartha, Kaimal und Mannadiar. Auch der Titel Menon tritt in der Malabar- und Cochin-Gegend auf. Bis in die Anfänge des 20. Jahrhunderts übten die Nayars ihren Einfluss in der keralesischen Gesellschaft als Feudalherren und Großgrundbesitzer aus. Ihre Position in der Gesellschaft als Kriegerkaste wurde mit der der Samurai im mittelalterlichen Japan verglichen. Die Nayars dominierten in der zivilen, administrativen und militärischen Elite der vor-britischen Ära. In der nachkolonialen Zeit führte die Landreform zu massiven Verlusten des Landbesitzes der Nayar-Feudalherren, und einige Nayars verarmten buchstäblich über Nacht.
- Nair o Nayar è il nome di un gruppo etnico originario dello stato indiano del Kerala. Il termine viene fatto derivare dal sanscrito Nayaka (capo) oppure Naga (serpenti, oggetto di culto per i Nair). Le principali attività associate storicamente ai Nair, la cui posizione nel sistema di caste indiano è oggetto di discussione, sono quelle di guerrieri, storici e viaggiatori. Sono stati accomunati ai samurai giapponesi per le tecniche di guerra e il codice d'onore tradizionale. L'origine geografica dei Nair è incerta; secondo alcuni antropologi essi non sono indigeni del Kerala in quanto presentano forme di discendenza matrilineare (Marumakkathaayam), tecniche di guerra (Kalarippayattu), divinità (i serpenti Naga e le divinità Bhadhrakali) distinte dagli altri abitanti della regione. Esistono due elementi che sostengono l'ipotesi di una origine Nair dal Nepal, l'aspetto fisico (carnagione più chiara, tratti somatici più marcati) e lo stile architettonico a pagoda dei loro templi e Tharavaadu. L'elemento maggiormente distintivo è però il sistema di discendenza matrilineare del Marumakkathaayam, praticato anche dai Newar nepalesi. Nonostante ciò, un'altra teoria antropologica indica un'origine dravidica dei Nair e attribuisce i diversi tratti somatici ai matrimoni misti con i Namboothiri. La prima testimonianza storica dei Nair è datata al regno di Rama Varma Kulashekhara, nel periodo della seconda dinastia Chera, in occasione di un tentativo di invasione da parte dei Chola. Ai Nair viene attribuita la formazione di gruppi di guerrieri suicidi contro l'invasore. Non è chiaro se la dinastia Chera fosse di etnia Nair o avesse fatto ricorso a questi ultimi come classe di guerrieri. La supremazia dei Nair si riduce via via con il crollo della seconda dinastia Chera e lascia spazio ai Namboothiri come classe sociale dominante del Kerala. Il cognome Nair è diffuso anche in altre regioni del mondo, per quanto non sia provato un legame diretto con i Nair di Kerala.
- Nair is de naam van een hoge hindoe-kaste in de Zuid-Indiase staat Kerala. De Nair was de krijgshaftige adel, vergelijkbaar met de Samoerai in Japan De Nairs komen prominent voor in de geschiedenis van Kerala en waren lange tijd feodale heren en krijgers voordat de Namboothiri Brahmanen kwamen, die de Varna's en het kastensysteem invoerden.
- Nayar, - nazwa kasty wojowników w południowo-indyjskim stanie Kerala, która odegrała bardzo ważną rolę w historii tego regionu.
- Nair är en krigarkast på Malabarkusten i indiska delstaten Kerala. Kastmedlemmarna är ättlingar till soldater som tjänat för lokala furstar. Traditionellt är nair matriarkat. Ett traditionellt nairhushåll består av mor, barn, morbror (eller moderns morbror). Familjeöverhuvud är den äldsta kvinnan i hemmet. Numera ägnar sig många av kastens medlemmar åt fredliga yrken.
- Les Nayars sont une ethnie située au sud-ouest de l'Inde, sur la côte de Malabar dans l'État du Kerala.
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- Nair is de naam van een hoge hindoe-kaste in de Zuid-Indiase staat Kerala. De Nair was de krijgshaftige adel, vergelijkbaar met de Samoerai in Japan De Nairs komen prominent voor in de geschiedenis van Kerala en waren lange tijd feodale heren en krijgers voordat de Namboothiri Brahmanen kwamen, die de Varna's en het kastensysteem invoerden.
- Nayar, - nazwa kasty wojowników w południowo-indyjskim stanie Kerala, która odegrała bardzo ważną rolę w historii tego regionu.
- Nair är en krigarkast på Malabarkusten i indiska delstaten Kerala. Kastmedlemmarna är ättlingar till soldater som tjänat för lokala furstar. Traditionellt är nair matriarkat. Ett traditionellt nairhushåll består av mor, barn, morbror (eller moderns morbror). Familjeöverhuvud är den äldsta kvinnan i hemmet. Numera ägnar sig många av kastens medlemmar åt fredliga yrken.
- Nayar oder Nair ist der Name einer Hindu-Kshatriya-Jati im südindischen Bundesstaat Kerala. Vor der Eroberung durch die Briten im Jahr 1792 gab es in der Kerala-Region kleine feudale Königshäuser, in denen die Königs- und Fürstenclans, das Militär und die meisten ländlichen Grundbesitzer zur Kaste der Nayar gehörten. Die Nayars sind bekannt für ihre Geschichte als Krieger, insbesondere auch für ihre Kampfkunst, das Kalaripayattu.
- Nair, also known as Nayar, refers to "not a unitary group but a named category of castes", which historically embodied several castes and many subdivisions, not all of whom bore the Nair title. These people historically lived in the present-day Indian state of Kerala. Their internal caste behaviours and systems were markedly different between the northern and southern sections of the area, and information regarding those who inhabited the north is scanty.
- Nair o Nayar è il nome di un gruppo etnico originario dello stato indiano del Kerala. Il termine viene fatto derivare dal sanscrito Nayaka (capo) oppure Naga (serpenti, oggetto di culto per i Nair). Le principali attività associate storicamente ai Nair, la cui posizione nel sistema di caste indiano è oggetto di discussione, sono quelle di guerrieri, storici e viaggiatori. Sono stati accomunati ai samurai giapponesi per le tecniche di guerra e il codice d'onore tradizionale.
- Les Nayars sont une ethnie située au sud-ouest de l'Inde, sur la côte de Malabar dans l'État du Kerala.
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- Nair
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- Nair
- Nayars
- Nair
- Nayar
- Nair
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