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- Moxos Indians (language) (MOYOS INDIANS). According to one authority, they are named from Musu, their Quichua name; according to others, from the Moxos word, muha, erroneously thought by the Spaniards to be the tribal name. This collective designation is that of a group of tribes famous in the mission annals of South America, originally ranging through the forests and prairies of the upper Mamoré, extending east and west from the Guapure (Itenes) to the Beni, and centering in the present Province of Mojos, Department of Beni, Bolivia. They numbered altogether at least 50,000 souls, in perhaps a hundred small tribes or sub tribes, speaking at least thirteen distinct languages, each with dialects, viz. , Moxo, spoken with dialectic variation by the Moxos proper, Baure, Taicomeri, and several small tribes), Paicone, Mopeciana, Icabicici, Mapiena, Movima, Cayubaba, Itonama, Sapibocona, Cheriba, Rocotona, Mure, Canichana. Of these, the Moxos and Paicone, with all their dialects, belong to the widespread Arawakan stock of eastern and central Brazil; the Movima, Cayubaba, Itonama, Canichana, and Rocotona (Ocorona) represent each a distinct stock; while the others remain unclassified. Besides all these, there were gathered in by the Jesuits some immigrant Chiquito, Siriono, and Chiriguano, each of different language, from the southern Bolivian missions. Of them all, the Moxos proper were the most important. Alternate Spellings: Moxo, Moxos, Mojos, Mojo Mojo or Moxo (pronounced Mo-ho) is the language of the Mojeno (Moxeno) peoples of Northeastern Bolivia. "Mojo is an Arawakan language of South America, spoken in Bolivia. " English/Français/Español Mojo Word Set One/Un/Uno Ikapia Two/Deux/Dos Apisá Three/Trois/Tres Impúse Man/Homme/Hombre Ehiro Woman/Femme/Mujer Eseno Sun/Soleil/Sol Sáche Water/Eau/Agua Uni Fire/Feu/Fuego Yuku Head/Tete/Cabeza Nuxuti Hand/Main/Mano Nubupe Corn/Mais/Maiz Suru "The two major Mojo dialects, Ignaciano and Trinitario, are quite different from one another and some linguists consider them distinct languages. " (Native Languages of the Americas website © 1998-2007) Ignaciano used in town meetings unless outsiders present. Many use Ignaciano in daily life. Ignaciano a required subject in the lower school grades, one session per week. Perhaps half of the children learn Ignaciano. Bilingual level estimates for Spanish: 0 25%, 1 20%, 2 34%, 3 19%, 4 2%, 5 0%. Spanish is the language of instruction in schools. By the 1980s, fewer than 100 monolinguals, all older than 30. Most women can converse in Spanish. Much Spanish influence. Population 4,500 (2000 SIL). Ethnic population: 20,805 with Trinitario (2000 W. Adelaar). Region South central Beni. Trinitario and Ignaciano are included under a term called 'Mojeños', and occasionally 'Moxeños'. Population 5,500 (2000 SIL). Ethnic population: 20,805 with Ignaciano (2000 W. Adelaar). Region South central Beni. Dialects Loreto (Loretano), Javierano. Classification Arawakan, Maipuran, Southern Maipuran, Bolivia-Parana Members of the Oriente ethnic polities (e.g. , Guarayos, Mojeños, Tacanas, Movimas, Chimanes) speak Spanish and their indigenous languages, which are members of the Amazonian language family. (www. everyculture. com/A-Bo/Bolivia. html)
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