A monarch is the person who heads a monarchy, a form of government in which the country or entity usually ruled or controlled by an individual who usually rules for life or until abdication. Monarchs may be autocrats or may be ceremonial heads of state who exercise little or no power or only reserve power, with actual authority vested in a parliament or other body.

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  • A monarch is the person who heads a monarchy, a form of government in which the country or entity usually ruled or controlled by an individual who usually rules for life or until abdication. Monarchs may be autocrats or may be ceremonial heads of state who exercise little or no power or only reserve power, with actual authority vested in a parliament or other body. Most states only have a single monarch at any given time, although a regent may rule when the monarch is a minor, not present or debilitated. Two monarchs have ruled simultaneously in some countries, as in the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta or the joint sovereignty of spouses or relatives. Monarchs have various titles — king or queen, prince or princess, emperor or empress, or even duke or grand duke. Many monarchs are distinguished by titles and styles. They often take part in certain ceremonies, such as a coronation. Monarchy are associated with political or sociocultural in nature hereditary rule; most monarchs, both historically and in the modern day, have been born and brought up within a royal family (over a period of time called a dynasty) and trained for future duties. Different systems of succession have been used, such as proximity of blood, primogeniture, and agnatic seniority. While traditionally most monarch have been male, female monarchs have also ruled in history; the term queen regnant refers to a ruling monarch, while a queen consort refers to the wife of a reigning king. Some monarchies are non-hereditary. In an elective monarchy, the monarch is elected but otherwise serves as any other monarch. Historical examples of elective monarchy include the Holy Roman Emperors (chosen by prince-electors but often coming from the same dynasty) and the free election of kings of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Modern examples include the Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia and the pope of the Roman Catholic Church, who serves as Sovereign of the Vatican City State and is elected to a life term by the College of Cardinals. Monarchies have existed throughout the world, although in recent centuries many states have abolished the monarchy and becomes republics. Advocacy of republics is called republicanism, while advocacy of monarchies is called monarchism. The principal advantage of hereditary monarchy is the immediate continuity of leadership, with a usually short interregnum (as seen in the classic phrase "The King is dead. Long live the King!"). Form of government may be hereditary without being considered monarchy, such as family dictatorship or political families present in many democracies.
  • Un monarque est un dirigeant, représentant ou chef d'État, qui peut être héréditaire ou élu (comme dans certains États tel l'ancien royaume de Pologne qui utilisait un système d'élection ou l'actuelle Malaisie qui opère une alternance entre les monarques héréditaires de neuf États traditionnels). Une nation ou un État dirigé par un monarque est appelé une monarchie. Un système de gouvernement impliquant un monarque est une monarchie. Le terme « roi » désigne un monarque de sexe masculin, à moins qu'il ne soit désigné sous un autre titre tel qu'empereur dans le cas où il dirige un empire. Le terme « reine » est appliqué à une femme monarque (une reine régnante), mais aussi à l'épouse d'un roi (une reine qui pourrait être considérée « consort »). Une monarchie dirigée par un roi ou une reine s'appelle un royaume. De nos jours, peu de monarques exercent un pouvoir absolu. Bien que de nombreuses monarchies héréditaires perdurent, le monarque agit, dans la plupart de ces pays, de façon définie par la constitution et ne possède qu'un pouvoir symbolique; le vrai pouvoir est détenu par un parlement ou une assemblée législative. Par exemple, le Royaume-Uni conserve une monarchie héréditaire. Actuellement, c'est la reine Élisabeth II du Royaume-Uni qui est au pouvoir.
  • Il monarca - termine derivante dal latino tardo mona°rcha(m), che è dal greco monárchìs, composto di mónos (μόνος) 'solo, unico' e -árchìs, da árchein (ἄρχειν), 'governare, comandare' - è un capo di stato che fino alla nascita delle monarchie costituzionali assommava in sé i tre poteri dello Stato. Come il termine sovrano, ha un valore generico che comprende le due figure di Re e Imperatore.
  • Исполнительная власть Исполнительная власть Глава государства Диктатор Монарх Президент Правительство Глава правительства Канцлер Глава исполнительной власти Премьер-министр Кабинет министров Министерство Министр Система правления Президентская система правления Полупрезидентская система правления Парламентская система правления Парламентская демократия Парламентская монархия Парламентская республика Смешанная система правления Вестминстерская система власти Списки Списки президентов государств Списки глав государств Список правительств Губернатор Мэр Портал:Политика · Мона́рх — наследственный или (реже) выборный глава монархического государства. В руках монарха может быть сосредоточена верховная государственная, военная и судебная власть, в наше время она обычно ограничена высшим законодательным органом страны. Бытует мнение, что монархия существует и по сей день, но на самом деле властители, чтобы не потерять власть и контроль над обществом, вынуждены были изменить публичные принципы управления и создать различные государственные строи при которых народ "сам" выбирает себе властителей.
  • 君主在中文多指人类进入文明社会具备国家雏形以后，对共主的称谓。作为术语多与君主制、封建制度相联系；到人类的封建时代多继承上实行世袭制，思想上以君權神授說為基石，意味著代表了古人理想中的政教合一社會，但君主本人未必就同時兼任宗教領袖。人类社会的发展史上出现的分封制，即由“共主”分封土地、封赐爵位，共主和被赐封的人被称为“君主”。在非洲、中东、欧洲和中国情况由于文化传统导致社会形态有不同，很难归类，其对象如下。 统治者 天子：中国周朝對時中原王朝的最高统治者自称； 皇帝；中國秦代及其以後君主的稱呼，也是對於外國的Emperor和The king of kings等領土廣大的君主的翻譯。 天皇；君主(即國君):是日本國對國家元首的尊稱。 国王；君主(即國君):始於周武王姬發，到了東周時，成為中国古代其他诸侯国的国君的称呼，现在常指外國的君主。 诸侯王：中国学者对中国历史上出现的封地（诸侯）的最高统治者的称谓）； 王，周朝(西周)最高统治者的称呼，等同于“天子”，例“周武王”，自“皇帝”称号出现之后，“王”就成为地位仅次于天子的诸侯的称呼，后来又渐成一种荣誉上的爵位。 帝，周朝以前最高统治者的称呼，例“帝辛”，自“王”称号出现之后，便與王字混合使用。 君王，中文对君主和王的合称。
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  • May 2008
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  • Talk:Monarch Merge request
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  • kingship
  • monarch
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  • A monarch is the person who heads a monarchy, a form of government in which the country or entity usually ruled or controlled by an individual who usually rules for life or until abdication. Monarchs may be autocrats or may be ceremonial heads of state who exercise little or no power or only reserve power, with actual authority vested in a parliament or other body.
  • Un monarque est un dirigeant, représentant ou chef d'État, qui peut être héréditaire ou élu (comme dans certains États tel l'ancien royaume de Pologne qui utilisait un système d'élection ou l'actuelle Malaisie qui opère une alternance entre les monarques héréditaires de neuf États traditionnels). Une nation ou un État dirigé par un monarque est appelé une monarchie. Un système de gouvernement impliquant un monarque est une monarchie.
  • Il monarca - termine derivante dal latino tardo mona°rcha(m), che è dal greco monárchìs, composto di mónos (μόνος) 'solo, unico' e -árchìs, da árchein (ἄρχειν), 'governare, comandare' - è un capo di stato che fino alla nascita delle monarchie costituzionali assommava in sé i tre poteri dello Stato. Come il termine sovrano, ha un valore generico che comprende le due figure di Re e Imperatore.
rdfs:label
  • Monarch
  • Monarque
  • Monarca
  • Монарх
  • 君主
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