Martinism is a form of mystical or esoteric Christianity, which envisions the figure of Christ as "The Repairer" who enables individuals to attain an idealised state such as that in the Garden of Eden before the Fall. As an informal practice, Martinism dates back to late 18th Century France. In the late 19th Century it was established in France and elsewhere as a formal order meeting in lodges.

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  • Martinism is a form of mystical or esoteric Christianity, which envisions the figure of Christ as "The Repairer" who enables individuals to attain an idealised state such as that in the Garden of Eden before the Fall. As an informal practice, Martinism dates back to late 18th Century France. In the late 19th Century it was established in France and elsewhere as a formal order meeting in lodges. During the 20th century there has also been a revival of some of the practices which pre-date Martinism proper and which directly inspired it. Today, there are three separate concepts which come under the umbrella of the general term "Martinism": Martinism itself - which is a Mystical tradition in which emphasis is placed on Meditation. This was founded in the 18th Century by Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin, and was formalised in 1888 by Augustin Chaboseau and Gerard Encausse. The Elus-Cohens. This relies on Theurgy (i.e. Ritual Magic) to attain the same ends as Martinism. The Elus-Cohens were founded by Martinez de Pasqually, who was Saint-Martin's teacher. The original Elus Cohens ceased to exist sometime in the late eighteenth or early nineteenth century, but it was revived in the 20th century by Robert Ambelain, and lives on today in various Martinist Orders, including the branch reinstigated by Ambelain himself. The Scottish Rectified Rite or Chevaliers Bienfaisants de la Cité-Sainte (CBCS). This was originally a Masonic rite, a reformed variant of the Rite of Strict Observance which, in its highest degrees, uses Masonic-type rituals to demonstrate the philosophy which underlies both Martinism and the practices of the Elus-Cohens. The CBCS was founded in the late 18th Century by Jean-Baptiste Willermoz, who was a pupil of Martinez de Pasqually and a contemporary of Saint-Martin. The CBCS has managed to survive as a continually practiced rite from its founding until the present day, both as a purely masonic rite, and as a detached rite which is also open for women.
  • Der Martinimus ist eine mystische Strömung, die Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts in Frankreich entstand. Louis Claude de Saint-Martin, der Unbekannte Philosoph, gab dieser Bewegung ihren Namen. Die Philosophie der Martinisten ist eine Synthese aus theosophisch-freimaurerischem Gedankengut und entsprang aus der Zeit der Aufklärung. Besonders bedeutend für den Martinismus sind die Werke Saint-Martins, der unter anderem mit „Irrtümer und Wahrheit“ den damalige Nerv der kulturellen Elite Frankreichs traf. Darin erklärt er dem Suchenden oder auch Hommes de désir, den göttlichen Ursprung durch den Weg des Herzens wiederzufinden. Der Mensch wird aufgefordert sich nicht im Alltag dahin treiben zu lassen, sondern bewusst die Gegenwart wahrzunehmen und sie zu gestalten. Saint-Martin erklärte später selbst einmal, dass ihm zwei Meister in seinem Leben begneten, die ihn die höhere Schau ermöglichten. Zum einen war es Martinez de Pasqually, Begründer des Elus Coën Ordens, und der deutsche Schuhmacher und Philosoph Jakob Böhme. Letzterer begnete ihm nur noch durch seine Werke, die Louis Claude noch teilweise ins Französische übersetzte. Nachdem sein Werk „Irrtümer und Wahrheit“ 1782 von Matthias Claudius ins Deutsche übersetzt worden war, folgten weitere Bücher und Schriften: L'Homme de désir - Der Suchende, (1790) Ecce homo - Seht welch ein Mensch, (1792) Le Nouvel Homme - Der neue Mensch, (1792) Le crocodile, ou la guerra du Bien et du Mal - Das Krokodil oder der Kampf zwischen Gut und Böse, (1799) Le Ministère de l'homme-esprit - Der Dienst des Geistmenschen, (1802) Als Louis Claude de Saint-Martin 1803 starb, nannten sich die Nachfolger seiner Philosophie und Theosophie fortan Martinisten. Sie pflegten seine Lehren und Zeremonien und gaben diese an nachfolgende Generationen weiter. Erst um 1888 wurden die zerstreuten Martinisten durch den französischen Okkultisten Gérard Encausse alias Papus wieder in einem Orden, dem Ordre Martiniste, zusammengeführt. Papus Bemühung führten zu einer erneuten Blüte des Martinismus, der unter der Zeit Napoleons kaum noch Beachtung fand. Die Aktivitäten der deutschen Martinisten sind nur schwer in der Geschichte auszumachen.
  • Le martinisme est un courant de pensée ésotérique, rattaché à la mystique judéo-chrétienne. Ce courant de pensée remonte à Joachim Martinès de Pasqually, fondateur en 1761, de l'Ordre des Chevaliers Maçons Élus Coëns de l'Univers, puis à son secrétaire, Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin, dit "le philosophe inconnu", célèbre par son livre Tableau naturel des rapports qui existent entre Dieu, l'homme et l'univers (1782). Le mot "martinisme" joue donc habilement sur les noms propres "Martinès" et "Saint-Martin".
  • Het Martinisme is de naam die door Papus werd gegeven aan de spirituele beweging ontstaan uit de leerlingen van Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin. Papus, die een rechtsteekse filiatie claimde van de inwijdingen van Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin, stichtte de Martinistenorde. Het Martinisme is geen vrijmetselarij, maar wordt er vaak mee geassocieerd, omwille van haar rituaal dat deels op dat van de vrijmetselarij is geënt en omwille van de vele dubbele lidmaatschappen tussen beide bewegingen. Daarom wordt het gerekend tot de Para-maçonnerie. Het Martinisme moet niet worden verward met de Martinistenkerk of Lutherse Kerk, waar volgelingen van Maarten Luther kerkten. Na de dood van Papus ontstonden in de wereld verschillende martinistenorden, waarvan de meeste van de orde van Papus afstamden en dus ook aanspraak maken op die filiatie.
  • Martinisme er en kristen mystisk tradisjon som startet i Frankrike i 1761 som et høygradsystem innenfor frimureriet, grunnlagt av Martinez de Pasqually. Det ble senere videreført av Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin.
  • São denominados de Martinistas discípulos ou seguidores de de Martinez de Pasqually e os de Louis Claude de Saint-Martin. Cada qual gerou uma teoria. Apesar da base de ambas teorias serem coincidentes, uma diferença profunda separa as duas escolas. A escola de Martinez, restringiu-se à Teurgia, à prática operativa, enquanto que a escola de Louis Claude de Saint-Martin estendeu-se à chamada senda mística ou cardíaca.
  • 18. yüzyılda Fransasında Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin tarafından başlatılan mistik bir harekettir. Saint-Martin Martines de Pasquales'in ölümünden sonra kendisinin ikinci üstadım dediği Jacob Boehme'nin yazılarını keşfetmiştir. Kurduğu Dostlar Cemiyeti'ne (Intimate Society/Society of Friends) topluluğa bazı önemli kişileri dahil etmiştir. 1803'de Saint Martin'in ölümünden sonra kendisinin öğretileri küçük topluluklar tarafından sürdürülüp yaygınlaştırılmıştır. 1888 yılında topluluğa katılan Augustin Chaboseau ve meşhur okültist Papus tüm Martinistleri biraraya getirmeye karar vermişler ve bu amaçla Ordre Martiniste mistik okulunu kurmuşlardır. Hareket büyük bir başarı göstermiş ve 1891'de Fransız meclisinin 21 üyesi harekete katılmıştır. Papus bu konsülün ilk başkanı ve tarikatın büyük üstadı seçilmiştir. Onun çabaları altında teşkilat genişlemiş ve 1900'lerde pek çok ülkede yüzlerce üye sayısına ulaşmış hatta Rus çarı II. Nikola 1905'de Papus'u davet edip devrimciler karşısında yaşadığı güçlüklerle ilgili kendisinin önerilerini almak istemiştir. I. Dünya Savaşında Papus doktor olarak görev yaparken ölmüş, savaştan sonra da kalan üyeleri çeşitli alanlara dağılmışlardır. Karl Wilhelm Naundorff'un Fransız krallığı iddialarını destekleyen bir grup Fransız martinist Ordre Martiniste et Synarchie (OMS) hareketini kurmuştur. The first World War was disastrous for the Order. Papus died on the battlefield while fulfilling his duties as a doctor and many other leaders of the order died too. After the war, the order was as good as extinct and the surviving members went into different directions. Many French martinists believed Karl Wilhelm Naundorff's claims to the French throne. They joined the Synarchy movement and formed the Ordre Martiniste et Synarchie (OMS).
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  • Martinism is a form of mystical or esoteric Christianity, which envisions the figure of Christ as "The Repairer" who enables individuals to attain an idealised state such as that in the Garden of Eden before the Fall. As an informal practice, Martinism dates back to late 18th Century France. In the late 19th Century it was established in France and elsewhere as a formal order meeting in lodges.
  • Der Martinimus ist eine mystische Strömung, die Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts in Frankreich entstand. Louis Claude de Saint-Martin, der Unbekannte Philosoph, gab dieser Bewegung ihren Namen. Die Philosophie der Martinisten ist eine Synthese aus theosophisch-freimaurerischem Gedankengut und entsprang aus der Zeit der Aufklärung.
  • Le martinisme est un courant de pensée ésotérique, rattaché à la mystique judéo-chrétienne. Ce courant de pensée remonte à Joachim Martinès de Pasqually, fondateur en 1761, de l'Ordre des Chevaliers Maçons Élus Coëns de l'Univers, puis à son secrétaire, Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin, dit "le philosophe inconnu", célèbre par son livre Tableau naturel des rapports qui existent entre Dieu, l'homme et l'univers (1782).
  • Het Martinisme is de naam die door Papus werd gegeven aan de spirituele beweging ontstaan uit de leerlingen van Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin. Papus, die een rechtsteekse filiatie claimde van de inwijdingen van Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin, stichtte de Martinistenorde. Het Martinisme is geen vrijmetselarij, maar wordt er vaak mee geassocieerd, omwille van haar rituaal dat deels op dat van de vrijmetselarij is geënt en omwille van de vele dubbele lidmaatschappen tussen beide bewegingen.
  • Martinisme er en kristen mystisk tradisjon som startet i Frankrike i 1761 som et høygradsystem innenfor frimureriet, grunnlagt av Martinez de Pasqually. Det ble senere videreført av Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin.
  • São denominados de Martinistas discípulos ou seguidores de de Martinez de Pasqually e os de Louis Claude de Saint-Martin. Cada qual gerou uma teoria. Apesar da base de ambas teorias serem coincidentes, uma diferença profunda separa as duas escolas. A escola de Martinez, restringiu-se à Teurgia, à prática operativa, enquanto que a escola de Louis Claude de Saint-Martin estendeu-se à chamada senda mística ou cardíaca.
  • 18. yüzyılda Fransasında Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin tarafından başlatılan mistik bir harekettir. Saint-Martin Martines de Pasquales'in ölümünden sonra kendisinin ikinci üstadım dediği Jacob Boehme'nin yazılarını keşfetmiştir. Kurduğu Dostlar Cemiyeti'ne (Intimate Society/Society of Friends) topluluğa bazı önemli kişileri dahil etmiştir.
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  • Martinism
  • Martinismus
  • Martinisme
  • Martinisme
  • Martinisme
  • Martinismo
  • Martinizm
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