| dbpprop:abstract
|
- Marquess of Winchester is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1551 for the prominent statesman William Paulet. He had already been created Baron St John in 1539 and Earl of Wiltshire in 1550, also in the Peerage of England. The first Marquess was one of the most noted statesmen of his time, serving in high positions under Henry VIII and all his children, and served as Lord High Treasurer of England from 1550 to 1572. He was succeeded by his son, the second Marquess. He was summoned to the House of Lords in his father's lifetime through a writ of acceleration in his father's junior title of Baron St John. His son, the third Marquess, was summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration as Lord St John in 1572. His grandson, the fifth Marquess, represented St Ives in the House of Commons. During the Civil War he was a strong supporter of King Charles I and became known as "the loyal Marquess". The family seat of Basing House was burnt to the ground by the Parliamentarians during the conflict. He was succeeded by his son, the sixth Marquess. The sixth Marquess was a supporter of William III and Mary and was rewarded for his support after the Glorious Revolution when he was created Duke of Bolton. He was succeeded by his son, the second Duke. The second Duke was a politician and notably served as Lord Chamberlain of the Household and as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. On his death the titles passed to his son, the third Duke, who was also a politician. He was a Whig Member of Parliament and served as Lord Lieutenant of several counties. In 1717 he was meant to be summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration in his father's junior title of Baron St John (of Basing). However, he was mistakenly summoned as Lord Pawlett of Basing and this inadvertently created a new barony. However, the barony of Pawlett of Basing became extinct as he had no legitimate offspring while he was succeeded in the other titles by his younger brother, the fourth Duke. He notably served as a Lord of the Admiralty and as Lord Lieutenant of both Hampshire and Glamorganshire. His eldest son, the fifth Duke, was a Member of Parliament and Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire. He was succeeded by his younger brother, the sixth Duke. He was an Admiral of the White. The sixth Duke had no sons and on his death in 1794 the Dukedom became extinct. Most of the family estates passed to his niece Jean Mary Browne-Powlett, illegitimate daughter of the fifth Duke. She was the wife of Thomas Orde, who assumed the additional surname of Powlett and was created Baron Bolton in 1797. The late Duke was succeeded in the Barony of St John, the Earldom of Wiltshire and the Marquessate of Winchester by his distant relative (his third cousin once removed) George Paulet, who became the twelfth Marquess. He was the great-grandson of Lord Henry Paulet, third son of the fourth Marquess. He had earlier represented Winchester in Parliament. His son, the thirteenth Marquess, was a Member of Parliament for Truro and served as Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire. In 1839 Lord Winchester assumed the additional surname of Burroughs. He was succeeded by his son, the fourteenth Marquess. He was also Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire. His son, the fifteenth Marquess, was a Major in the Coldstream Guards and was killed in action at the Battle of Magersfontein in 1899 during the Second Boer War. He was succeeded by his younger brother, the sixteenth Marquess. He was Lord Lieutenant of Hamsphire and Chairman of the Hampshire County Council. On his death in 1962 at the age of 99 the line of the fourteenth Marquess failed. He was succeeded by his first cousin twice removed, the seventeenth Marquess. He was the great-grandson of the Reverend Lord Charles Paulet, second son of the thirteenth Marquess. On the seventeenth Marquess's death in 1968 this line of the family also failed and the title passed to the late Marquess's first cousin once removed, the eighteenth and (as of 2007) present holder of the titles. He is the grandson of Cecil Henry Paulet, uncle of the seventeenth Marquess. Lord Winchester lives in South Africa. The surname of the later Dukes of Bolton is usually spelled "Powlett" rather than "Paulet". The Marquessate of Winchester is the oldest English (and British) Marquessate still in existence, and as a result, the holder of the title is considered the Premier Marquess of England. The Marquess of Winchester, incidentally, is the only Marquess in the Peerage of England without a higher title; all other Marquesses in that Peerage are also Dukes. This makes the Marquessate paradoxically the Marquess with the highest in precedence in theory yet the lowest in reality. (The Marquesses of Bath and Salisbury--who also hold no dukedoms--were created as peers of Great Britain. ) Earl of Wiltshire is used as the courtesy title of Lord Winchester's eldest son and heir. Lord Wiltshire's son and heir uses the courtesy title Lord St John. One of the main family seats was Basing House.
- Dodatkowymi tytułami markiza Winchester są: hrabia Wiltshire (od 1550 r. ) baron St John (od 1539 r. ) W latach 1689-1794 markizowie Winchester byli równocześnie książętami Bolton 3. , 4. , 5. i 6. książę Bolton używali nazwisko Powlett Najstarszy syn markiza Winchester nosi tytuł hrabiego Wiltshire Najstarszy syn hrabiego Wiltshire nosi tytuł lorda St John Hrabiowie Winchester 1. kreacji (parostwo Anglii) 1207 - 1219 : Saer de Quincy, 1. hrabia Winchester 1219 - 1265 : Roger de Quincy, 2. hrabia Winchester Hrabiowie Winchester 2. kreacji (parostwo Anglii) 1322 - 1326 : Hugon Despenser, 1. hrabia Winchester Hrabiowie Winchester 3. kreacji (parostwo Anglii) 1471 - 1492 : Lewis de Bruges, 1. hrabia Winchester 1492 - 1500 : Jean de Bruges, 2. hrabia Winchester Markizowie Winchester 1. kreacji (parostwo Anglii) 1551 - 1572 : William Paulet, 1. markiz Winchester 1572 - 1576 : John Paulet, 2. markiz Winchester 1576 - 1598 : William Paulet, 3. markiz Winchester 1598 - 1628 : William Paulet, 4. markiz Winchester 1628 - 1674 : John Paulet, 5. markiz Winchester 1674 - 1699 : Charles Paulet, 1. książę Bolton i 6. markiz Winchester 1699 - 1722 : Charles Paulet, 2. książę Bolton i 7. markiz Winchester 1722 - 1754 : Charles Powlett, 3. książę Bolton i 8. markiz Winchester 1754 - 1759 : Henry Powlett, 4. książę Bolton i 9. markiz Winchester 1759 - 1765 : Charles Powlett, 5. książę Bolton i 10. markiz Winchester 1765 - 1794 : Harry Powlett, 6. książę Bolton i 11. markiz Winchester 1794 - 1800 : George Paulet, 12. markiz Winchester 1800 - 1843 : Charles Ingoldsby Paulet, 13. markiz Winchester 1843 - 1887 : John Paulet, 14. markiz Winchester 1887 - 1899 : Augustus John Henry Beaumont Paulet, 15. markiz Winchester 1899 - 1962 : Henry William Montague Paulet, 16. markiz Winchester 1962 - 1968 : Richard Charles Paulet, 17. markiz Winchester 1968 - : Nigel George Paulet, 18. markiz Winchester Następca 18. markiza Winchester: Christopher John Hilton Paulet, hrabia Wiltshire Następca hrabiego Wiltshire: Michael John Paulet, lord St John
- O título Marquês de Winchester foi criado em 1551 no Pariato da Inglaterra, fazendo dele o mais antigo marquesado inglês ainda em existência. O Marquês de Winchester é, incidentalmente, o único Marquês no Pariato da Inglaterra sem um título superior; todos os outros marqueses daquele pariato são também duques. Os títulos subsidiários são: Conde de Wiltshire e Barão St John. O título Conde de Wiltshire é usado como um título de cortesia pelo filho mais velho e herdeiro do Marquês de Winchester, enquanto que Barão St John é usado pelo filho mais velho do herdeiro do marquês, isto é, seu neto. O original proprietário dos três títulos foi Sir William Paulet, um político que detinha o ofício de Lord Treasurer da Inglaterra. Seu descendente, o sexto marquês, foi titulado Duque de Bolton em 1689. No entanto, com a morte do sexto duque, não sobrou nenhum descendente do primeiro duque, e o título Duque de Bolton tornou-se extinto. O título Marquês de Winchester, entretanto, foi herdado por um membro de outro ramo da família Paulet. O sobrenome dos últimos Duques de Bolton é usualmente soletrado "Powlett" ao invés de Paulet. Houve quatro Condes de Winchester medievais. O primeiro foi Saer de Quincy, que recebeu o condado em 1207/8 depois que sua esposa herdou metade das terras dos condes de Leicester. O título foi extinto em 1265 com a morte do filho de Saer, Roger de Quincy, que não tinha herdeiros homens. Em 1322, Eduardo II da Inglaterra titulou Hugh le Despenser como Conde de Winchester. Novamente, o título foi extinto, devido à execução de le Despenser em 1326. Durante seu exílio entre 1470 e 1471, Eduardo IV da Inglaterra foi recepcionado por um nobre flamingo, Louis de Bruges. Com o retorno de Eduardo, Louis foi compensado com o condado de Winchester. Porém, ele resignou-o em 1500, devolvendo-o à coroa. Nos tempos medievais, condados (propriedades dos condes) eram intimamente associados as divisões administrativas da Inglaterra (também chamadas condados), e os condes de Winchester eram às vezes referidos como Condes de Southampton, visto que Winchester é a capital de Hampshire, que era naqueles tempos conhecido por Southamptonshire).
|
![[RDF Data]](/statics/sw-cube.png)
