Lolium temulentum, typically known as darnel or cockle, is an annual plant that forms part of the Poaceae family and part of the Lolium genus. The plant stem can grow up to 1 meter tall, with inflorescence in the ears and purple grain. It grows plentifully in Syria and Israel. It usually grows in the same production zones as wheat and is considered a weed. The similarity between these two plants is so extensive that in some regions cockle is referred to as "false wheat.
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- Lolium temulentum, typically known as darnel or cockle, is an annual plant that forms part of the Poaceae family and part of the Lolium genus. The plant stem can grow up to 1 meter tall, with inflorescence in the ears and purple grain. It grows plentifully in Syria and Israel. It usually grows in the same production zones as wheat and is considered a weed. The similarity between these two plants is so extensive that in some regions cockle is referred to as "false wheat. " It bears a close resemblance to wheat until the ear appears. The ears on the real wheat are so heavy that it makes the entire plant droop downward, but the "false wheat", whose ears are light, stands up straight. The wheat will also appear brown when ripe, whereas the darnel is black. It parasitizes wheat fields. The French word for darnel is "ivraie" (from Latin "ebriacus"), which expresses that weed's characteristic of making one feel poisoned with drunkenness, and can cause death. This characteristic is also aluded to in the scientific name (Latin temulentus = drunk). The traditional Anglo-Saxon surname "Darnell" comes from those who grew this weed for intoxicatory purposes. It is also gives its name to another edible grain, aquatic cockle, known as "false rice. " The plant is mentioned in Horace's Satire 2.6 (eaten by the Country mouse while he serves his guest fancier foods) and in the Parable of the Tares in the Gospel of Matthew:
- Der Taumel-Lolch (Lolium temulentum) ist eine Art aus der Familie der Süßgräser (Poaceae). Sein Name beruht auf den Vergiftungserscheinungen, die in der Vergangenheit nach dem Verzehr von mit Taumel-Lolch verunreinigtem Getreide auftraten.
- L'ivraie enivrante (Lolium temulentum L. ) est une plante herbacée annuelle de la famille des Poacées, qui est une mauvaise herbe, redoutée principalement dans les champs de céréales. C'est probablement l'ivraie citée dans le Nouveau Testament (Parabole du bon grain et de l'ivraie, dans l'Évangile selon saint Matthieu, ch. 13. A noter que dans le texte en grec, le terme employé est zizania, qui a donné « zizanie » en français. Noms communs : ray-grass enivrant, ivraie annuelle, herbe d'ivrogne, herbe à couteau, zizanie. L'adjectif spécifique latin temulentum signifie « ivre »
- Il Loglio (Lolium temulentum) è una pianta erbacea annua delle Graminacee, spontanea e infestante fra le messi, con fiori a spiga rossa (chiamato anche zizzania).
- ドクムギ（毒麦、学名：Lolium temulentum）は、イネ科ホソムギ属の植物の一種。田畑の雑草で、穀物に紛れこみ価値を落とす。新約聖書のマタイによる福音書中にある「畑の毒麦のたとえ」にも出てくる。 若いうちはコムギに擬態していて判別しづらい。根もコムギと入り組んでいるため、抜くと麦も一緒に抜いてしまう危険性がある。穂を出せば区別できるので、収穫まで一緒に育つままにしておくように命じたという聖書の言葉の意味が理解できる。 植物体自体に毒はないが、植物体の表面につく糸状菌が毒素を作る。味は苦く、めまい、嘔吐などの中毒症状を招くといわれる。
- Życica roczna – gatunek rośliny z rodziny wiechlinowatych.
- Lolium temulentum, tipicamente conhecida como joio (ou cizânia), é uma planta anual pertencente à família Poaceae e ao gênero Lolium. De talo rígido, pode crescer até 1 metro de altura, com inflorescências na espiga e grão de cor violeta. Usualmente cresce nas mesmas zonas produtoras de trigo e se considera uma erva daninha desse cultivo. A semelhança entre essas duas plantas é tão grande, que em algumas regiões costuma-se denominar o joio como "falso trigo". Pode ser venenosa e uma pequena quantidade de joio colhida e processada junto ao trigo pode comprometer a qualidade do produto obtido. Portanto, vem daí a famosa expressão "é preciso separar o joio do trigo", um ditado popular. A planta, e a necessidade de separá-la do trigo é referenciada na Bíblia, no Evangelho segundo Mateus, na parábola que diz sobre as pessoas boas e as más, a mistura dos crentes entre os descrentes, mas ao final do tempo tudo será manifesto:
- 毒麦（学名：Lolium temulentum）禾本科黑麦属的一年生草本植物，属于田间常见的杂草，盛产于叙利亚和巴勒斯坦一带。毒麦的茎可以长到一米高，穗状花序长达10～25厘米。其颖果呈紫色。 毒麦经常和重要的农作物小麦混生在一起。毒麦的外形非常类似小麦，然而其子粒中含有能麻痹中枢神经、致人昏迷的毒麦碱，被认为是恶性杂草。 基督教经典新约全书中的马太福音里提到过毒麦，但和合本中文圣经将其翻译为稗子： “容这两样一齐长，等着收割。当收割的时候，我要对收割的人说：先将稗子薅出来，捆成捆，留着烧，惟有麦子要收在仓里。”
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- Lolium temulentum, typically known as darnel or cockle, is an annual plant that forms part of the Poaceae family and part of the Lolium genus. The plant stem can grow up to 1 meter tall, with inflorescence in the ears and purple grain. It grows plentifully in Syria and Israel. It usually grows in the same production zones as wheat and is considered a weed. The similarity between these two plants is so extensive that in some regions cockle is referred to as "false wheat.
- Der Taumel-Lolch (Lolium temulentum) ist eine Art aus der Familie der Süßgräser (Poaceae). Sein Name beruht auf den Vergiftungserscheinungen, die in der Vergangenheit nach dem Verzehr von mit Taumel-Lolch verunreinigtem Getreide auftraten.
- L'ivraie enivrante (Lolium temulentum L. ) est une plante herbacée annuelle de la famille des Poacées, qui est une mauvaise herbe, redoutée principalement dans les champs de céréales. C'est probablement l'ivraie citée dans le Nouveau Testament (Parabole du bon grain et de l'ivraie, dans l'Évangile selon saint Matthieu, ch. 13. A noter que dans le texte en grec, le terme employé est zizania, qui a donné « zizanie » en français.
- Il Loglio (Lolium temulentum) è una pianta erbacea annua delle Graminacee, spontanea e infestante fra le messi, con fiori a spiga rossa (chiamato anche zizzania).
- Życica roczna – gatunek rośliny z rodziny wiechlinowatych.
- Lolium temulentum, tipicamente conhecida como joio (ou cizânia), é uma planta anual pertencente à família Poaceae e ao gênero Lolium. De talo rígido, pode crescer até 1 metro de altura, com inflorescências na espiga e grão de cor violeta. Usualmente cresce nas mesmas zonas produtoras de trigo e se considera uma erva daninha desse cultivo. A semelhança entre essas duas plantas é tão grande, que em algumas regiões costuma-se denominar o joio como "falso trigo".
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- Lolium temulentum
- Taumel-Lolch
- Ivraie enivrante
- Lolium temulentum
- ドクムギ
- Życica roczna
- Joio
- 毒麦
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