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- The House of Neville (also the House of Nevill) is a noble house founded during the Middle Ages, which became prominent when Ralph de Neville was created Earl of Westmorland by Plantagenet monarch Richard II of England. After rising in prominence during the 14th century, the family was one of the two major powers in northern England along with the House of Percy. Although the families were rivals, the king, whose court was based in the south, had to rely on powerful magnates from both houses to protect the border from Scottish invasion, counterbalance each other's influence, and help with general governance. The senior line of the house descended from a medieval Gael named Crínán, the same person from whom the House of Dunkeld which provided twelve monarchs of Scotland between 1034—1290 descended. The Nevilles gained a close relationship with the English monarchy by marriage; the 1st Earl of Westmorland himself was married to Joan Beaufort, a daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster. One of their children, Cecily Neville, Duchess of York, would marry the Yorkist pretender to the throne Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and she would give birth to kings Edward IV of England and Richard III of England. Indeed, the Percy-Neville feud was an intricate issue which led in part to the Wars of the Roses. During the wars, Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, known as "Warwick the Kingmaker", established himself as the power behind the throne and was instrumental in establishing Edward IV as monarch. The two men later fell out over foreign policy, and Warwick for a time restored Henry VI of England, before being killed. The Nevilles and Percies buried their old differences for the Rising of the North. They wished to assert the claim of Catholic Mary I of Scotland, who they believed to be the legitimate monarch of England rather than Elizabeth Tudor. Following the failure of this the Nevilles have never quite recaptured their former influence. However they continue on to this day; the current head is Christopher Nevill, 6th Marquess of Abergavenny.
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