| dbpprop:abstract
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- Hellenic, as a technical term in historical linguistics, is the branch of the Indo-European language family that includes Greek (in other contexts, "Hellenic" and "Greek" are mostly used as synonyms). While according to most traditional classifications, Hellenic contains only Greek as a single language alone in its branch, and is as such equivalent to Greek language the term is also sometimes used to group together Greek proper, as in the Ancient Greek dialects, and the Ancient Macedonian language, and perhaps also the Phrygian language. Greco-Phrygian isn't however normally discussed under "Hellenic" but under the wider Graeco-Armenian hypothesis. A family under this name has been suggested to group together Greek proper and ancient Macedonian language, which is barely attested and whose degree of relatedness to Greek is not well known. In addition, some linguists make a distinction among the modern descendants of ancient Greeks, distinguishing mainstream modern Greek in a narrow sense from certain other, divergent varieties deemed separate languages on the basis of a lack of mutual intelligibility. Greek linguistics traditionally treats all of these as dialects of a single language. An entirely different issue is the question of whether Greek should be considered a single language, or a familiy of several languages. Separate language status is most often posited for Tsakonian, which is thought to be uniquely a descendant of Doric rather than Attic Greek, followed by Pontic and the extinct Cappadocian Greek of Anatolia. The Griko or Italiot varieties of southern Italy are also not readily intelligible to speakers of standard Greek; separate status is sometimes also argued for Cypriot, though this is not as easily justified. In contrast, Yevanic (Jewish Greek) is mutually intelligible with standard Greek but is considered a separate language for ethnic and cultural reasons.
- Les langues helléniques forment un ensemble de langues appartenant au groupe centum des langues indo-européennes.
- As línguas helênicas formam um ramo da família linguística indo-europeia, que inclui o grego e os idiomas mais próximos. Na Antiguidade existiram diversas variedades do grego, assim como línguas das quais restaram poucas evidências, como o macedônio antigo, que geralmente são tidas como parentes próximas do grego. Com base nos critérios da inteligibilidade mútua, existem apenas duas línguas helênicas hoje em dia: o grego padrão, que descende do antigo dialeto ático, e o tsacônio, descendente do dialeto dórico, que está em vias de extinção.
- Греческая группа — в настоящее время это одна из самых своеобразных и относительно малочисленных языковых групп (семей) в составе индоевропейских языков. При этом греческая группа — одна из самых древних и хорошо изученных ещё со времён античности. В настоящее время главным представителем группы с полным набором языковых функций является греческий язык Греции и Кипра, имеющий долгую и сложную историю. Наличие единственного полноправного представителя в наши дни сближает греческую группу с албанской и армянской, которые также фактически представлены одним языком каждая. При этом ранее существовали другие греческие языки и крайне обособленные диалекты, которые либо вымерли, либо находятся на грани исчезновения в результате ассимиляции.
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| rdfs:comment
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- Hellenic, as a technical term in historical linguistics, is the branch of the Indo-European language family that includes Greek (in other contexts, "Hellenic" and "Greek" are mostly used as synonyms).
- Les langues helléniques forment un ensemble de langues appartenant au groupe centum des langues indo-européennes.
- As línguas helênicas formam um ramo da família linguística indo-europeia, que inclui o grego e os idiomas mais próximos. Na Antiguidade existiram diversas variedades do grego, assim como línguas das quais restaram poucas evidências, como o macedônio antigo, que geralmente são tidas como parentes próximas do grego.
- Греческая группа — в настоящее время это одна из самых своеобразных и относительно малочисленных языковых групп (семей) в составе индоевропейских языков. При этом греческая группа — одна из самых древних и хорошо изученных ещё со времён античности.
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