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- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche fou un filòsof alemany, considerat actualment com un dels més influents en el pensament del segle XX. Va fer una crítica exhaustiva de la cultura, la religió i la filosofia occidental, mitjançant la deconstrucció dels conceptes que les integren, basant-se en l'anàlisi de les actituds morals (positives i negatives) cap a la vida. Aquest treball va afectar profundament a generacions posteriors de teòlegs, filòsofs, psicòlegs, poetes, novel·listes i dramaturgs. Va meditar sobre les conseqüències del triomf del secularisme de la Il·lustració, reflexió que expressà d'una manera concisa en la seva observació que «Déu ha mort». Nietzsche va rebre un ampli reconeixement durant la segona meitat del segle XX, com una figura significativa en la filosofia moderna. La seva influència va ser particularment notòria en els filòsofs existencialistes, fenomenològics, postestructuralistes i postmoderns; especialment en autors francesos com Michel Foucault i Deleuze entre d'altres. Si bé hi ha qui sosté que la característica definitòria de Nietzsche no és tant la temàtica que tracta sinó l'estil i la subtilesa amb que ho fa. És considerat un dels tres «mestres de la sospita» (segons la coneguda expressió de Paul Ricoeur), juntament amb Karl Marx i Sigmund Freud.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche byl německý filosof a klasický filolog. Jako výborný student se už v roce 1869 stal profesorem klasické filologie na univerzitě v Basileji, ale roku 1879 musel ze zdravotních důvodů školu opustit. Následujících 10 let strávil na cestách po Evropě, kde napsal většinu svých velkých děl. V lednu 1889 v Turíně se nervově zhroutil a zbytek života strávil v polovědomém stavu jako duševně nemocný. Nietzsche byl ovlivněn mladohegelovci, řeckou filosofií a dílem Arthura Schopenhauera a Richarda Wagnera, s nimiž se ale později rozešel. Sepsal řadu filosofických děl, která měla velký vliv na myšlení 20. století. Jeho hlavním tématem byla ostrá kritika evropského myšlení, zejména platónské tradice a křesťanské morálky, jimž Nietzsche vytýkal, že se staví proti síle tvořivého života a nakonec vedou k nihilismu. Jeho často aforisticky pojednávaná témata „smrti Boha“, „vůle k moci“ a „nadčlověka“ jsou dodnes předmětem diskusí a polemik. Jeho nejznámějším spisem je Tak pravil Zarathustra.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche war ein klassischer Philologe, der postum als Philosoph zu Weltruhm kam. Als Nebenwerke schuf er Dichtungen und musikalische Kompositionen. Ursprünglich preußischer Staatsbürger, war er seit seiner Übersiedlung nach Basel 1869 staatenlos. Nietzsche wurde unmittelbar im Anschluss an sein Studium, mit 24 Jahren, Professor für klassische Philologie in Basel. Bereits zehn Jahre später legte er aus gesundheitlichen Gründen die Professur nieder. Von nun an bereiste er – auf der Suche nach Orten, deren Klima sich günstig auf seine Leiden auswirkt – Frankreich, Italien, Deutschland und die Schweiz. Ab seinem 45. Lebensjahr litt er unter einer schweren psychischen Krankheit, die ihn arbeits- und geschäftsunfähig machte. Als Pflegefall verbrachte er den Rest seines Lebens in der Obhut zunächst seiner Mutter, dann seiner Schwester. Er starb im Jahre 1900 im Alter von 55 Jahren. Seine Anfang der 1890er Jahre rasch einsetzende Berühmtheit hat er selbst nicht mehr bewusst erlebt. Den jungen Nietzsche beeindruckte besonders die Philosophie Schopenhauers. Später wandte er sich von dessen Pessimismus ab und stellte eine radikale Lebensbejahung in den Mittelpunkt seiner Philosophie. Sein Werk enthält scharfe Kritiken an Moral, Religion, Philosophie, Wissenschaft und Formen der Kunst. Die zeitgenössische Kultur war in seinen Augen lebensschwächer als die des antiken Griechenland. Wiederkehrendes Ziel von Nietzsches Angriffen ist vor allem die christliche Moral sowie die christliche und platonistische Metaphysik. Er stellte den Wert der Wahrheit überhaupt in Frage und wurde damit Wegbereiter postmoderner philosophischer Ansätze. Auch Nietzsches Konzepte des „Übermenschen“, des „Willens zur Macht“ oder der „ewigen Wiederkunft“ geben bis heute Anlass zu Deutungen und Diskussionen. Nietzsches Denken hat weit über die Philosophie hinaus gewirkt und bis heute unterschiedlichste Deutungen und Bewertungen erfahren. Nietzsche schuf keine systematische Philosophie. Oft wählte er den Aphorismus als Ausdrucksform seiner Gedanken. Seine Prosa, seine Gedichte und der pathetisch-lyrische Stil von Also sprach Zarathustra verschafften ihm auch Anerkennung als Schriftsteller.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, cultural critic and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony and aphorism. Nietzsche's influence remains substantial within and beyond philosophy, notably in existentialism, nihilism and postmodernism. His style and radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth have resulted in much commentary and interpretation, mostly in the continental tradition. His key ideas include the death of God, the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation", which involves an honest questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent and radical those views might be. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of 24 he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. In 1889 he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties, the breakdown has been ascribed to atypical general paralysis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche, acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster and she reworked many of Nietzsche's works to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways completely contrary to Nietzsche's actual opinions which were opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and with the ideology of Adolf Hitler, but twentieth century scholars have worked hard to counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology and rediscover the actual writings of Nietzsche unedited by his sister.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche fue un filósofo, poeta, músico y filólogo alemán, considerado uno de los pensadores modernos más influyentes del siglo XIX. Realizó una crítica exhaustiva de la cultura, la religión y la filosofía occidental, mediante la deconstrucción de los conceptos que las integran, basada en el análisis de las actitudes morales (positivas y negativas) hacia la vida. Este trabajo afectó profundamente a generaciones posteriores de teólogos, filósofos, sociólogos, psicólogos, poetas, novelistas y dramaturgos. Meditó sobre las consecuencias del triunfo del secularismo de la Ilustración, expresada en su observación «Dios ha muerto», de una manera que determinó la agenda de muchos de los intelectuales más célebres después de su muerte. Si bien hay quienes sostienen que la característica definitoria de Nietzsche no es tanto la temática que trataba sino el estilo y la sutileza con que lo hacía, fue un autor que introdujo, como ningún otro, una cosmovisión que ha reorganizado el pensamiento del siglo XX, en autores tales como Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, Martin Heidegger o Deleuze entre otros. Nietzsche recibió amplio reconocimiento durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX como una figura significativa en la filosofía moderna. Su influencia fue particularmente notoria en los filósofos existencialistas, críticos, fenomenológicos, postestructuralistas y postmodernos y en la sociología de Max Weber. Es considerado uno de los tres «Maestros de la sospecha» (según la conocida expresión de Paul Ricoeur), junto a Karl Marx y Sigmund Freud.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche oli saksalainen filosofi. Nietzschellä oli erityisen voimakas vaikutus moraalifilosofiaan, jossa hän nosti pinnalle kysymyksen siitä, miksi ihmisen yleensä pitäisi olla moraalinen. Hän piti kristinuskon moraalikäsitystä ”orjamoraalina”. Toiseksi Nietzsche tunnetaan erityisesti aikalaisdiagnosisesta filosofiasta, jossa hän hahmottelee suuria kulttuuris-historiallisia kehityskaaria esimerkiksi koskien uskonnon tilannetta yhteiskunnassa. Tästä juontuu hänen väitteensä ”Jumala on kuollut”. Nietzsche hahmotteli näihin aihepiireihin liittyen myös elämänfilosofiaa, josta juontuu hänen yli-ihmisen käsitteensä. Nietzsche liitetään usein nihilismiin, mutta Nietzschen mukaan nihilismi tulee ylittää asettamalla uusia arvoja. Lisäksi Nietzschen ajattelusta on saatu mannermaisessa filosofiassa innoitusta myös ihmistieteiden tutkimusmenetelmien tulkintaan. Esimerkiksi käsitteiden historiaa selvittävä ”genealogia” tutkimusmenetelmänä sai innoituksensa Nietzschen ajattelusta.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (prononcé ou) est un philologue, philosophe et poète allemand né le 15 octobre 1844 à Röcken, en Saxe, et mort le 25 août 1900 à Weimar, en Allemagne. L'œuvre de Nietzsche est essentiellement une critique de la culture occidentale moderne et de l'ensemble de ses valeurs dites morales (issues de la dévaluation chrétienne du monde), politiques, philosophiques (le platonisme et toutes les formes de dualisme métaphysique) et religieuses. Cette critique procède d'un projet d'inverser ou d'invalider les anciennes valeurs (le terme allemand Umwertung qui contient Wert, valeur, suggère plutôt invalider ou dévaloriser) et d'en instituer de nouvelles délaissant la foi, dépassant le ressentiment et la volonté de néant qui dominèrent l'histoire de l'Europe sous l'influence du christianisme ; ceci notamment par l'affirmation d'un Éternel Retour de la vie et par le dépassement de l'humanité et l'avènement du surhomme. L'exposé de ses idées prend dans l'ensemble une forme aphoristique ou poétique. Peu reconnu de son vivant, son influence a été et demeure majeure sur la philosophie contemporaine de tendance continentale, notamment l'existentialisme et la philosophie postmoderne ; mais Nietzsche a également suscité ces dernières années l'intérêt de philosophes analytiques, ou de langue anglaise, qui en soutiennent une lecture naturaliste remettant en cause une appropriation par la philosophie continentale jugée problématique.
- Friedrich Nietzsche német klasszika-filológus, egyetemi tanár, filozófus, (aforisztikus stílusban alkotó) költő, zeneszerző. Nietzsche mindig is vitatott gondolkodónak számított. Filozófiája, művészetfelfogása rendkívül nagy hatású, sok szerzőt, művészt megihletett. Életfilozófiájával az individualizmus képviselője, az egzisztencializmus egyik előfutára Kierkegaard és Schopenhauer mellett. Kritizálta a korabeli értékrendet, különösen a kereszténységet, a szocializmust, a darwinizmust. Különc zseniként került be a történelembe. Szenvedélyes elkötelezettség, radikális újítási akarat, nyelvi mágia jellemzi munkásságát. A vallást hazugságnak tekinti az emberen túli ember szemszögéből nézve, a részvétet a tömegmorál jelének (jobban mondva a tömegmorállal való megalkuvásnak). A részvét az, ami szerinte tönkreteszi az erős embert, aki magasabb célok felé tekintve ki van téve annak a veszélynek, hogy az emberi szenvedés láttán képtelen követni elhatározását. Tagadta az akkor fennálló államrend és -szerkezet jogosultságát a néptömegek vezetésében. Az uralomra termett, erős embert hirdeti. Nietzsche gondolatai könnyen félreérthetőek, amennyiben olyasvalaki értelmezi őket, aki a sok helyütt prófétai dühöt és indulatot mutató szöveget a metaforákon túl, szó szerint veszi és a valóságban is megvalósításra alkalmasnak gondolja (ez persze nem zárja ki azt, hogy Nietzsche maga csak gondolati szinten foglalkozott bizonyos értelemben ezekkel az elképzelésekkel). Másrészt nem szabad elfelednünk, hogy Nietzsche nagy részben az akarat filozófusának tekintendő, és az önmegvalósítás szubjektivitásától a szellemi élmények útján át az akarat jelenléte többet nyom a latba, mint egy szó szerint veendő, materiális valóságra irányuló kijelentés.
- Tra i maggiori filosofi di ogni tempo, Nietzsche ebbe un'influenza controversa e indiscutibile sul pensiero filosofico, letterario e politico del Novecento. La sua filosofia è considerata da alcuni uno spartiacque fra la filosofia tradizionale e un nuovo modello di riflessione, informale e provocatoria. In ogni caso si tratta di un pensatore unico nel suo genere, sì da giustificare l'enorme influenza da lui esercitata sul pensiero posteriore, e la considerazione che alcuni nutrono verso di lui come antesignano dell'esistenzialismo, della filosofia continentale, del postmodernismo e del post-strutturalismo. Coerentemente con i suoi assunti, diede grande rilievo al mito, alla poesia e alla musica, cimentandosi in gioventù anche come poeta e compositore, attività in cui, peraltro, a parere della critica, non attinse risultati paragonabili agli esiti della sua speculazione filosofica. Nietzsche scrisse vari saggi sulla morale, la religione (in particolare quella cristiana), la società moderna, la scienza, rivelando la sua passione per la filosofia, la critica letteraria e musicale, per la metafora, l'aforisma e l'ironia.
- フリードリヒ・ヴィルヘルム・ニーチェ（独: Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche、1844年10月15日 - 1900年8月25日）は、ドイツの哲学者・古典文献学者。随所にアフォリズムを用いた、巧みな散文的表現による哲学の試みには文学的価値も認められる。 なお、ドイツ語では、「ニーチェ」（フリードリヒ['fri:drɪç] ヴィルヘルム['vɪlhɛlm] ニーチェ['ni:tʃə]）のみならず「ニーツシェ」['ni:tsʃə]とも発音される。
- 프리드리히 빌헬름 니체는 19세기 독일 철학자이며 음악가이자 시인이다. 그는 종교, 도덕 및 당대의 문화, 철학, 그리고 과학에 대한 비평을 썼고, 특유의 문체를 사용했으며 경구(aphorism)에 대한 자신의 기호(嗜好)를 드러내었다. 니체의 영향력은 철학과 철학을 넘어서는 다른 영역에도 실질적으로 남아있는데, 특히 실존주의와 포스트모더니즘에서 그러하다. 니체는 철학으로 자신의 분야를 바꾸기 전에 이미 철학자로서 자신의 일을 시작했다. 24세에 그는 바젤 대학에서 고전 철학을 가르치는 교수가 되었지만, 꾸준한 강연 활동을 다니기도 했다. 그러나 보불전쟁 이후 편두통과 안질환을 비롯한 각종 질병에 시달려, 살아있는 동안 계속 그를 괴롭혔던 건강상의 문제와 철학적 신념에 따라 1879년에 대학교수직을 그만두었고 강연활동도 접었다. 이후 저술 활동에 매달렸으나 1889년 무렵부터 그는 심각한 정신질환의 증세를 보였으며, 1900년에 사망할 때까지 어머니와 여동생의 돌봄을 받으며 살았다. 그는 기독교와 이상주의의 도덕을 '약자의 도덕', '노예의 도덕', '데카당스'라고 배격하고, '초인' '영원 회귀'의 사상을 중심으로 하여 일종의 형이상학을 수립하여 뒤에 생의 철학이나 실존 철학에 큰 영향을 주고, 특히 《즐거운 지식》에서는 신의 죽음을 선언하였다. 니체는 플라톤 철학과 기독교적 도덕주의를 뒤집었으며, 기독교를 비판하여 유럽을 비판, 키에르케고르와 더불어 실존주의의 선구적인 역할을 하고 일부 지식인들의 계몽주의라는 세속주의의 승리가 가져온 결과 역시 부정적으로 평가했다. 니체는 자유주의, 힘의 논리 등의 마키아벨리즘, 권위주의, 반유대주의 등에 강력히 비판, 반대하였지만 뒷날 그의 이름은 그가 혐오하던 파시스트들에게 이용되기도 했다. 니체의 문체와 진리의 대상 및 가치에 대한 그의 근본적인 질문은 중요한 해석의 문제를 제기했고,현상학과 분석철학 모두에서 방대한 2차 문헌들이 생겨났다.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was een beroemde en invloedrijke Duitse filosoof en filoloog.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche var en tysk filolog, men som i ettertiden er mest kjent for sine filosofiske tanker. Han ble professor i klassisk filologi ved universitetet i Basel i Sveits i en alder av 24, men hans første bok, Die Geburt der Tragödie (1872), som han dediserte til komponisten Richard Wagner, fikk en skuffende mottagelse. Han fortsatte imidlertid med å skrive en rekke uvanlige og revolusjonerende verker, ofte flertydige, ofte uttrykt i form av aforismer, som angrep vedtatte sannheter i vestlig intellektuell tradisjon. Blant det han angrep var Gud, moral, sannhet og demokrati. I Ecce Homo, hans egen vurdering av seg selv, beskrev han seg selv som den første umoralist. Komponisten Richard Wagner og filosofen Arthur Schopenhauer øvet tidlig en viktig påvirkning på Nietzsche, men han frigjorde seg senere fra deres tenkning og utviklet den videre. Nietzsche videreutviklet bl.a. begrepet nihilisme, og kom til å få stor betydning for europeisk filosofi og litteratur omkring århundreskiftet. Hans mest kjente bøker er Also sprach Zarathustra og Jenseits von Gut und Böse. Programmatisk for Nietzsche er setningen Gott ist tot (Gud er død). Denne frasen stammer ordrett fra teksten «Der tolle Mensch» fra 1889 («Det vanvittige menneske») men fremsettes også i kapittel to av Also sprach Zarathustra (1883–85), som del av en dialog mellom hovedpersonen og en gammel mann. Etter et sammenbrudd i Torino, ble Nietzsche sinnssyk og ble tatt hånd om av sin søster, Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Søsteren, enke etter den anti-semittiske agitatoren Bernhard Förster (begikk selvmord i 1889), opprettet Nietzsche-arkivet og bidro til at brorens navn ble kjent i Europa, men fordreide også deler av filosofien hans for å få den til å stemme bedre overens med sine egne politiske meninger. I 1930 ble hun medlem av NSDAP og fikk etter hvert god kontakt med Adolf Hitler, med den følge at Nietzsche snart ble en slags husfilosof i Det tredje riket.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche – filozof, filolog klasyczny, pisarz i poeta. Punkt orientacyjny topografii filozofii nietzscheańskiej stanowi radykalna krytyka chrześcijaństwa oraz współczesnej autorowi zachodniej kultury. Istotny jest także szacunek wobec wartości obecnych w antycznej kulturze greckiej, wraz z postulatem powrotu do niej.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche foi um filólogo e influente filósofo alemão do século XIX.
- Фри́дрих Ви́льгельм Ни́цше — немецкий мыслитель, классический филолог, создатель самобытного философского учения, которое носит подчёркнуто неакадемический характер и отчасти поэтому имеет широкое распространение, выходящее далеко за пределы научно-философского сообщества. Фундаментальная концепция Ницше включает в себя особые критерии оценки действительности, поставившие под сомнение базисные принципы действующих форм морали, религии, культуры и общественно-политических отношений и впоследствии отразившиеся в философии жизни. Будучи изложенными в афористической манере, большинство сочинений Ницше не поддаются однозначной интерпретации и вызывают много споров.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche,, född 15 oktober 1844 i Röcken bei Lützen i Preussen, död 25 augusti 1900 i Weimar i Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach, var en tysk filosof, författare och klassisk filolog. Nietzsche var influerad av bland andra Arthur Schopenhauer, Richard Wagner och Charles Darwin. Han är kanske mest känd för sin idé om övermänniskan och som kristendomens vedersakare – ett av hans mest berömda citat är "Gud är död". Han förordade en estetisk kultur som ersättning till den kristna självuppoffringen och humanismens moral, varmed han lanserade distinktionen mellan apolloniska och dionysiska ideal. Vetenskapen blev hans paradigm och vad han såg som människans räddning från religionen och den romantiska verklighetsflyende konsten. I etiskt hänseende betraktas Nietzsche som grundaren av värdenihilismen och definierade viljan som en vilja till makt. Under slutet av Nietzsches liv blev hans filosofi på modet. Detta nådde sin kulmen i Nazityskland, men han är även en viktig influens till Max Weber, Sigmund Freud, Ernst Jünger, Le Corbusier, Wittgenstein, August Strindberg, Derrida, Lyotard, Sartre, Michel Foucault och Gilles Deleuze. Själv slutade han sina dagar som sinnessjuk. Samtida med romantiken var Nietzsches filosofi till en början påverkad av den tankeströmningen, men när den trängdes undan av realismen och positivismen, blev han med tiden en av romantikens häftigaste kritiker. Han blev en av de viktigaste föregångarna till existentialismen och inspiratör till konstnärer under modernismen och senare.
- Фрі́дріх Вільгельм Ні́цше, — впливовий німецький мислитель, філософ, психолог і класичний філолог. Він був агресивним критиком традиційної моралі, утилітаризму, тодішньої філософії, матеріалізму, німецького ідеалізму, німецького романтизму та сучасного йому життя в цілому. Він є одним із найбільш читаних мислителів. Ніцше створив велику кількість афоризмів і експериментальних форм письма. Хоча його творчість було згодом спотворено й асоційовано то з філософським романтизмом, то з нігілізмом, то з антисемітизмом і навіть нацизмом — сам Ніцше гаряче відкидав свою належність до тих із цих форм, що вже існували в його час, аж до прямого протистояння їм. Його часто вважали натхненником філософського та літературного екзистенціалізму, а пізніше й постмодернізму. У багатьох відношеннях, його погляди важко зрозуміти в будь-якій систематизованій формі. Говорити про цілісне вчення Ніцше, мабуть, не можна. А його творчість була й залишається предметом палких суперечок. Окремо, щодо концепції про надлюдину, то Фрідріха Ніцше уніфікують з фашистськими мислителями (сам Адольф Гітлер у своєму найвідомішому творі «Майн Кампф» робив посилання на праці Ніцше). Але сучасні філософи одностайно сходяться на думці, що Ніцше не був ні фашистом, ні нацистом. Це підтверджує той факт, що німецький філософ писав про «надлюдину» як про окремий об'єкт людської спільноти. Всупереч цьому фашизм розглядається як колективне явище або інакше стадний інстинкт. Ніцше розкривав концепцію надлюдини через гостру критику християнської релігії, до своєї смерті встиг видати першу частину атеїстичної книги «Антихристиянин» («Антихрист»). Християнство аж ніяк не слід оздоблювати й прикрашати: воно стало смертельним ворогом вищій людині, засудило її всі провідні інстинкти і виділило з них зло і злих... Християнство стало на бік усіх недолугих, ницих і безпорадних, створило ідеал, який суперечив потужним інстинктам виживання, загидило навіть розум духовно сильніших натур, оголосивши гріховними й облудними найвищі духовні вартості і прозвавши їх спокусами.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche là một nhà triết học người Phổ. Ông bắt đầu sự nghiệp như là một nhà ngữ văn học và viết nhiều bài phê bình về tôn giáo, đạo đức, các vấn đề văn hóa đương thời, và triết học. Các tác phẩm của Nietzsche nổi bật với phong cách viết của ông, thường mang tính ẩn dụ (aphorism) và nhiều nghịch lý hơn là mức độ thông thường của các bài luận triết học. Nietzsche không được đánh giá cao bởi những người đương thời trong suốt cuộc đời của ông, nhưng đầu thế kỉ 20, ông đã được giới trí thức ở Đức, Pháp và Anh công nhận. Ông bắt đầu bị mang tiếng xấu tiếng khi Đảng Quốc xã của Đức chọn ông là một tiền bối, mặc dù Nietzsche có quan điểm chống chủ nghĩa bài Do Thái và chủ nghĩa dân tộc Đức. Sau Thế chiến thứ hai, triết gia Walter Kaufmann bắt đầu một cố gắng bền bỉ nhằm khôi phục lại danh tiếng của Nietzsche trong các nước nói tiếng Anh, và vào nửa sau của thế kỉ 20 Nietzsche đã được xem là một nhân vật quan trọng có ảnh hưởng lớn trong triết học hiện đại. Trực tiếp và gián tiếp, Nietzsche đã ảnh hưởng đến thuyết hiện sinh (existentialism), chủ nghĩa hậu hiện đại (postmodernism), phân tâm học (psychoanalysis) và nhiều tư tưởng theo sau đó.
- 弗里德里希·威廉·尼采（德语：Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche，1844年10月15日－1900年8月25日），德國哲学家，他的著作對於宗教、道德、現代文化、哲學、以及科學等領域提出了廣泛的批判和討論。他的寫作風格獨特，經常使用格言和悖論的技巧。尼采對於後代哲學的發展影響極大，尤其是在存在主義與後現代主義上。 在開始研究哲學前，尼采是一名文字學家。24歲時尼采成為了巴塞爾大學的古典哲學教授，但在1879年由於健康問題而辭職，之後一直飽受精神疾病煎熬。1889年尼采精神崩潰，從此再也沒有恢復，在母親和妹妹的照料下一直活到1900年去世。
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, cultural critic and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the death of God, the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation", which involves questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent and radical those views might be. His influence remains substantial within philosophy, notably in existentialism, post-modernism and post-structuralism, as well as outside it. His style and radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth have resulted in much commentary and interpretation, especially in the continental tradition. Nietzsche has been called one of the masters of the "school of suspicion", alongside Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of 24 he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. In 1889 he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. The breakdown has been ascribed to atypical general paralysis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche, acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster and she reworked some of Nietzsche's unpublished writings to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways contrary to Nietzsche's actual opinions which were strongly and explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and Nazism, but twentieth century scholars have worked hard to counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology and rediscover the actual writings of Nietzsche unedited by his sister.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the death of God, the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation", which involves questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent and radical those views might be. His influence remains substantial within philosophy, notably in existentialism, post-modernism and post-structuralism, as well as outside it. His radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth has been the focus of extensive commentary, especially in the continental tradition. Nietzsche has been called one of the masters of the "school of suspicion", alongside Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of 24 he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. In 1889 he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. The breakdown has been ascribed to atypical general paralysis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche, acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster and she reworked some of Nietzsche's unpublished writings to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways contrary to Nietzsche's actual opinions which were strongly and explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and Nazism, but twentieth century scholars have worked hard to counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology and rediscover the actual writings of Nietzsche unedited by his sister.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic, and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the "death of God", the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism, and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation", which involves questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent and radical those views might be. His influence remains substantial within philosophy, notably in existentialism, post-modernism, and post-structuralism, as well as outside it. His radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth has been the focus of extensive commentary, especially in the continental tradition. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of twenty-four he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. At the age of forty-five in 1889 he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. The breakdown had been ascribed to atypical general paralysis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche, acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster, and she reworked some of Nietzsche's unpublished writings to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways contrary to Nietzsche's opinions, which were strongly and explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and Nazism, but twentieth century scholars have worked hard to counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology and rediscover the original writings of Nietzsche, unedited by his sister.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic, and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the "death of God", the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism, and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation", which involves questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent and radical those views might be. His influence remains substantial within philosophy, notably in existentialism, post-modernism, and post-structuralism, as well as outside it. His radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth has been the focus of extensive commentary, especially in the continental tradition. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of twenty-four he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. At the age of forty-five in 1889 he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. The breakdown had been ascribed to atypical general paralysis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster, and she reworked some of Nietzsche's unpublished writings to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways contrary to Nietzsche's opinions, which were strongly and explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and Nazism, but twentieth century scholars have worked hard to counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology and rediscover the original writings of Nietzsche, unedited by his sister.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic, and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the "death of God", the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism, and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation", which involves questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent and radical those views might be. His influence remains substantial within philosophy, notably in existentialism, post-modernism, and post-structuralism, as well as outside it. His radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth has been the focus of extensive commentary, especially in the continental tradition. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of twenty-four he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. In 1889, at the age of forty-four, he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. The breakdown had been ascribed to atypical general paralysis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster, and she reworked some of Nietzsche's unpublished writings to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways contrary to Nietzsche's opinions, which were strongly and explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and Nazism, but twentieth century scholars have worked hard to counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology and rediscover the original writings of Nietzsche, unedited by his sister.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic, and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the "death of God," the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism, and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation," which involves questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent and radical those views might be. His influence remains substantial within philosophy, notably in existentialism, post-modernism, and post-structuralism, as well as outside it. His radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth has been the focus of extensive commentary, especially in the continental tradition. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of twenty-four he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. In 1889, at the age of forty-four, he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. The breakdown had been ascribed to atypical general paralysis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster, and she reworked some of Nietzsche's unpublished writings to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways contrary to Nietzsche's opinions, which were strongly and explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and Nazism, but twentieth century scholars have worked hard to counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology and rediscover the original writings of Nietzsche, unedited by his sister.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic, and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the "death of God," the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism, and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation", which involves questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent and radical those views might be. His influence remains substantial within philosophy, notably in existentialism, post-modernism, and post-structuralism, as well as outside it. His radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth has been the focus of extensive commentary, especially in the continental tradition. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of twenty-four he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. In 1889, at the age of forty-four, he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. The breakdown had been ascribed to atypical general paralysis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster, and she reworked some of Nietzsche's unpublished writings to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways contrary to Nietzsche's opinions, which were strongly and explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and Nazism, but twentieth century scholars have worked hard to counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology and rediscover the original writings of Nietzsche, unedited by his sister.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic, and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the "death of God," the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism, and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation", which involves questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent those views might be. His influence remains substantial within philosophy, notably in existentialism, post-modernism, and post-structuralism, as well as outside it. His radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth has been the focus of extensive commentary, especially in the continental tradition. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of twenty-four he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. In 1889, at the age of forty-four, he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. The breakdown had been ascribed to atypical general paralysis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster, and she reworked some of Nietzsche's unpublished writings to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways contrary to Nietzsche's opinions, which were strongly and explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and Nazism, but twentieth century scholars have worked hard to counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology and rediscover the original writings of Nietzsche, unedited by his sister.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic, and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the "death of God," the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism, and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation", which involves questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent those views might be. His influence remains substantial within philosophy, notably in existentialism, post-modernism, and post-structuralism, as well as outside it. His radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth has been the focus of extensive commentary, especially in the continental tradition. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of twenty-four he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. In 1889, at the age of forty-four, he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. The breakdown had been ascribed to atypical general paresis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster, and she reworked some of Nietzsche's unpublished writings to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways contrary to Nietzsche's opinions, which were strongly and explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and Nazism, but twentieth century scholars have worked hard to counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology and rediscover the original writings of Nietzsche, unedited by his sister.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic, and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the "death of God," the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism, and the will to power. Central to his philosophy is the idea of "life-affirmation", which involves questioning of all doctrines that drain life's expansive energies, however socially prevalent those views might be. His influence remains substantial within philosophy, notably in existentialism, post-modernism, and post-structuralism, as well as outside it. His radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth has been the focus of extensive commentary, especially in the continental tradition. Nietzsche began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. In 1869, at the age of twenty-four he was appointed to the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel (the youngest individual to have held this position), but resigned in the summer of 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life. In 1889, at the age of forty-four, he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. The breakdown had been ascribed to atypical general paresis attributed to tertiary syphilis, but this diagnosis has since come into question. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, then under the care of his sister until his death in 1900. His sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche acted as curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts during his illness. She was married to a prominent German nationalist and antisemite, Bernhard Förster, and she reworked some of Nietzsche's unpublished writings to fit her husband's ideology, often in ways contrary to Nietzsche's opinions, which were strongly and explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through Förster-Nietzsche's editions, Nietzsche's name became associated with German militarism and Nazism, although some twentieth century scholars counteract the abuse of Nietzsche's philosophy by this ideology.
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- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche fou un filòsof alemany, considerat actualment com un dels més influents en el pensament del segle XX. Va fer una crítica exhaustiva de la cultura, la religió i la filosofia occidental, mitjançant la deconstrucció dels conceptes que les integren, basant-se en l'anàlisi de les actituds morals (positives i negatives) cap a la vida. Aquest treball va afectar profundament a generacions posteriors de teòlegs, filòsofs, psicòlegs, poetes, novel·listes i dramaturgs.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche byl německý filosof a klasický filolog. Jako výborný student se už v roce 1869 stal profesorem klasické filologie na univerzitě v Basileji, ale roku 1879 musel ze zdravotních důvodů školu opustit. Následujících 10 let strávil na cestách po Evropě, kde napsal většinu svých velkých děl. V lednu 1889 v Turíně se nervově zhroutil a zbytek života strávil v polovědomém stavu jako duševně nemocný.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche war ein klassischer Philologe, der postum als Philosoph zu Weltruhm kam. Als Nebenwerke schuf er Dichtungen und musikalische Kompositionen. Ursprünglich preußischer Staatsbürger, war er seit seiner Übersiedlung nach Basel 1869 staatenlos. Nietzsche wurde unmittelbar im Anschluss an sein Studium, mit 24 Jahren, Professor für klassische Philologie in Basel. Bereits zehn Jahre später legte er aus gesundheitlichen Gründen die Professur nieder.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, cultural critic and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony and aphorism. Nietzsche's influence remains substantial within and beyond philosophy, notably in existentialism, nihilism and postmodernism.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche fue un filósofo, poeta, músico y filólogo alemán, considerado uno de los pensadores modernos más influyentes del siglo XIX. Realizó una crítica exhaustiva de la cultura, la religión y la filosofía occidental, mediante la deconstrucción de los conceptos que las integran, basada en el análisis de las actitudes morales (positivas y negativas) hacia la vida.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche oli saksalainen filosofi. Nietzschellä oli erityisen voimakas vaikutus moraalifilosofiaan, jossa hän nosti pinnalle kysymyksen siitä, miksi ihmisen yleensä pitäisi olla moraalinen. Hän piti kristinuskon moraalikäsitystä ”orjamoraalina”. Toiseksi Nietzsche tunnetaan erityisesti aikalaisdiagnosisesta filosofiasta, jossa hän hahmottelee suuria kulttuuris-historiallisia kehityskaaria esimerkiksi koskien uskonnon tilannetta yhteiskunnassa.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (prononcé ou) est un philologue, philosophe et poète allemand né le 15 octobre 1844 à Röcken, en Saxe, et mort le 25 août 1900 à Weimar, en Allemagne. L'œuvre de Nietzsche est essentiellement une critique de la culture occidentale moderne et de l'ensemble de ses valeurs dites morales (issues de la dévaluation chrétienne du monde), politiques, philosophiques (le platonisme et toutes les formes de dualisme métaphysique) et religieuses.
- Friedrich Nietzsche német klasszika-filológus, egyetemi tanár, filozófus, (aforisztikus stílusban alkotó) költő, zeneszerző. Nietzsche mindig is vitatott gondolkodónak számított. Filozófiája, művészetfelfogása rendkívül nagy hatású, sok szerzőt, művészt megihletett. Életfilozófiájával az individualizmus képviselője, az egzisztencializmus egyik előfutára Kierkegaard és Schopenhauer mellett. Kritizálta a korabeli értékrendet, különösen a kereszténységet, a szocializmust, a darwinizmust.
- Tra i maggiori filosofi di ogni tempo, Nietzsche ebbe un'influenza controversa e indiscutibile sul pensiero filosofico, letterario e politico del Novecento. La sua filosofia è considerata da alcuni uno spartiacque fra la filosofia tradizionale e un nuovo modello di riflessione, informale e provocatoria.
- フリードリヒ・ヴィルヘルム・ニーチェ（独: Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche、1844年10月15日 - 1900年8月25日）は、ドイツの哲学者・古典文献学者。随所にアフォリズムを用いた、巧みな散文的表現による哲学の試みには文学的価値も認められる。 なお、ドイツ語では、「ニーチェ」（フリードリヒ['fri:drɪç] ヴィルヘルム['vɪlhɛlm] ニーチェ['ni:tʃə]）のみならず「ニーツシェ」['ni:tsʃə]とも発音される。
- 프리드리히 빌헬름 니체는 19세기 독일 철학자이며 음악가이자 시인이다. 그는 종교, 도덕 및 당대의 문화, 철학, 그리고 과학에 대한 비평을 썼고, 특유의 문체를 사용했으며 경구(aphorism)에 대한 자신의 기호(嗜好)를 드러내었다. 니체의 영향력은 철학과 철학을 넘어서는 다른 영역에도 실질적으로 남아있는데, 특히 실존주의와 포스트모더니즘에서 그러하다. 니체는 철학으로 자신의 분야를 바꾸기 전에 이미 철학자로서 자신의 일을 시작했다. 24세에 그는 바젤 대학에서 고전 철학을 가르치는 교수가 되었지만, 꾸준한 강연 활동을 다니기도 했다. 그러나 보불전쟁 이후 편두통과 안질환을 비롯한 각종 질병에 시달려, 살아있는 동안 계속 그를 괴롭혔던 건강상의 문제와 철학적 신념에 따라 1879년에 대학교수직을 그만두었고 강연활동도 접었다.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was een beroemde en invloedrijke Duitse filosoof en filoloog.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche var en tysk filolog, men som i ettertiden er mest kjent for sine filosofiske tanker. Han ble professor i klassisk filologi ved universitetet i Basel i Sveits i en alder av 24, men hans første bok, Die Geburt der Tragödie (1872), som han dediserte til komponisten Richard Wagner, fikk en skuffende mottagelse.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche – filozof, filolog klasyczny, pisarz i poeta. Punkt orientacyjny topografii filozofii nietzscheańskiej stanowi radykalna krytyka chrześcijaństwa oraz współczesnej autorowi zachodniej kultury. Istotny jest także szacunek wobec wartości obecnych w antycznej kulturze greckiej, wraz z postulatem powrotu do niej.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche foi um filólogo e influente filósofo alemão do século XIX.
- Фри́дрих Ви́льгельм Ни́цше — немецкий мыслитель, классический филолог, создатель самобытного философского учения, которое носит подчёркнуто неакадемический характер и отчасти поэтому имеет широкое распространение, выходящее далеко за пределы научно-философского сообщества.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche,, född 15 oktober 1844 i Röcken bei Lützen i Preussen, död 25 augusti 1900 i Weimar i Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach, var en tysk filosof, författare och klassisk filolog. Nietzsche var influerad av bland andra Arthur Schopenhauer, Richard Wagner och Charles Darwin. Han är kanske mest känd för sin idé om övermänniskan och som kristendomens vedersakare – ett av hans mest berömda citat är "Gud är död".
- Фрі́дріх Вільгельм Ні́цше, — впливовий німецький мислитель, філософ, психолог і класичний філолог. Він був агресивним критиком традиційної моралі, утилітаризму, тодішньої філософії, матеріалізму, німецького ідеалізму, німецького романтизму та сучасного йому життя в цілому. Він є одним із найбільш читаних мислителів. Ніцше створив велику кількість афоризмів і експериментальних форм письма.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche là một nhà triết học người Phổ. Ông bắt đầu sự nghiệp như là một nhà ngữ văn học và viết nhiều bài phê bình về tôn giáo, đạo đức, các vấn đề văn hóa đương thời, và triết học. Các tác phẩm của Nietzsche nổi bật với phong cách viết của ông, thường mang tính ẩn dụ (aphorism) và nhiều nghịch lý hơn là mức độ thông thường của các bài luận triết học.
- 弗里德里希·威廉·尼采（德语：Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche，1844年10月15日－1900年8月25日），德國哲学家，他的著作對於宗教、道德、現代文化、哲學、以及科學等領域提出了廣泛的批判和討論。他的寫作風格獨特，經常使用格言和悖論的技巧。尼采對於後代哲學的發展影響極大，尤其是在存在主義與後現代主義上。 在開始研究哲學前，尼采是一名文字學家。24歲時尼采成為了巴塞爾大學的古典哲學教授，但在1879年由於健康問題而辭職，之後一直飽受精神疾病煎熬。1889年尼采精神崩潰，從此再也沒有恢復，在母親和妹妹的照料下一直活到1900年去世。
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic, and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the "death of God", the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism, and the will to power.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, composer, cultural critic, and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and aphorism. Nietzsche's key ideas include the "death of God," the Übermensch, the eternal recurrence, the Apollonian and Dionysian dichotomy, perspectivism, and the will to power.
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