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- Francis Konrad Schuckardt was an American Traditionalist Catholic independent bishop and the first known bishop in the United States to take the position of sedevacantism, a theory which holds that Pope Paul VI and his successors are not valid popes. Schuckardt founded the Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen (CMRI) and the Tridentine Latin Rite Catholic Church (TLRCC), considered by some former members as being a cult. Schuckardt's claims to be a validly consecrated bishop are questionable, however, because he received his episcopal consecration through a bishop of the American branch of the Old Roman Catholic (aka Old Catholic) Church, a schismatic offshoot of the Roman Catholic Church. The consecrations of the American branch of the Old Catholic Church, unlike those of its European branch, have never been recognized as valid by the Vatican either before or after the era of Pope Paul VI because the rites of consecration were corrupted owing to the involvement of Anglicans. Moreover, even if Schuckardt were validly consecrated as a bishop, which is highly doubtful, he was most definitely not a Roman Catholic bishop. According to traditional Roman Catholic teaching, ordinary jurisdiction can only be conferred by the Pope. However, Schuckardt claimed to possess ordinary jurisdiction over the entire Western Hemisphere even though he never received such jurisdiction from a Pope. Because Schuckardt never attended a seminary, this error may be understandable. However, by claiming to have ordinary jurisdiction, which enables Catholic bishops to rule those in their jurisdictional territory as subjects, when he did not have such jurisdiction, Schuckardt overreached any authority he may have had as a Catholic bishop, promulgated heresy, and openly defected from the Catholic faith. According to traditional Catholic teaching, heresy is incompatible with the possession of the authority of Christ over the flock, and manifest defection from the faith brings automatic loss of ecclesiastical office. Thus, by claiming ordinary jurisdiction, Schuckardt invalidated his own episcopacy and set himself up as heresiarch of a new, non-Catholic church in the same manner as he argued that false popes like Paul VI had done. This crucial error on Schuckardt's part regarding ordinary jurisdiction also fed his egotism and desire for control over every aspect of his followers' lives. Moreover, it set the stage for the development of a cult of personality that led to a wide array of abuses of laity and clerics alike, including beatings and head shavings of children in religious schools and the sexual exploitation of seminarians by Schuckardt. Schuckardt's egotism eventually grew to such an extent that, on the basis of the assumption that no true Catholic bishops existed other than himself, he claimed to be Pope and named himself Pope Hadrian VI. He encouraged his followers to believe that Mary, mother of Jesus Christ, mystically appeared and crowned Schuckardt Pope in the Cathedral of St. Mary Major in Rome during a church visit there, and his clergy encouraged church members to address Schuckardt as "Holy Father," a title reserved for the Roman pontiff. Furthermore, under threat of excommunication, which requires ordinary jurisdiction that Schuckardt never received, Schuckardt forbade members of his church to read religious material that had not been approved by his church and calumniated rival independent traditional Catholic clergy as being invalidly ordained and/or consecrated when he himself had been ordained and consecrated under questionable circumstances. In doing so, he prevented members of his church from uncovering his deceptions and accessing alternative independent traditional Catholic clergy and thereby maintained his control over his followers, the better to perpetrate his abuses, which include financial as well as sexual exploitation.
- Antypapież Hadrian VII (Francis Konrad Schuckardt) - Amerykanin. Urodził się 10 lipca 1937 r. w Seattle (USA). W 1959 r. ukończył uniwersytet w Seattle, uzyskując stopień licencjata z dziedziny językoznawstwa. Następnie pracował jako nauczyciel w miejscowej szkole średniej. Jeszcze podczas studiów wstąpił do katolickiej grupy Blue Army of Our Lady of Fatima. Był jej aktywnym działaczem, gorącym krzewicielem maryjnego kultu, dał się poznać jako bardzo dobry mówca. Niemal od samego początku sceptycznie odnosił się do zmian płynących z Soboru Watykańskiego II. Największe zastrzeżenia wzbudzały: ekumenizm i reformy liturgiczne, które traktował jako protestantyzację Kościoła Katolickiego. W 1967 r. za zgodą biskupa Silvestra Treinena założył Kongregację Maryi Niepokalanej Królowej (Congregatio Mariae Reginae Immaculatae). Wspólnota ta działała przeciwko odnowie posoborowej i nawoływała do zachowania tradycyjnego katolicyzmu. Zostało to potępione w 1969 r. przez władze kościelne. Wkrótce zaprzyjaźnił się ze starokatolickim biskupem Danielem Brownem. Z jego rąk najpierw otrzymał święcenia kapłańskie, a 1 listopada 1971 r. w Chicago sakrę biskupią. W ten oto sposób stał się przywódcą nowego ruchu religijnego. Z okazji 10-lecia biskupiej konsekracji Schuckardta, jego Kościół opublikował statystyki, według których skupiał 6 księży, 61 braci, około 120 sióstr. Posiadał seminarium duchowne; klasztor opiekujący się ludźmi starszymi, nieuleczalnie chorymi i niepełnosprawnymi umysłowo; a także kilka placówek poza granicami USA (w Kanadzie, Meksyku, Australii, Nowej Zelandii i Izraelu). W 1984 r. ogłosił siebie papieżem i przyjął imię Hadriana VII. Urzędował w rodzinnym Seattle. Zmarł na raka 5 listopada 2006 r.
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