Francis Amasa Walker (July 2, 1840 – January 5, 1897) was an American economist, statistician, journalist, educator, academic administrator, and military officer in the Union Army. Walker was born into a prominent Boston family, the son of the economist and politician Amasa Walker, and he graduated from Amherst College at the age of 20. He received a commission to join the 15th Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteers and quickly rose through the ranks as an assistant adjutant general.

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  • Francis Amasa Walker (July 2, 1840 – January 5, 1897) was an American economist, statistician, journalist, educator, academic administrator, and military officer in the Union Army. Walker was born into a prominent Boston family, the son of the economist and politician Amasa Walker, and he graduated from Amherst College at the age of 20. He received a commission to join the 15th Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteers and quickly rose through the ranks as an assistant adjutant general. Walker fought in the Peninsula Campaign and was injured at the Battle of Chancellorsville but subsequently participated in the Bristoe, Overland, and Richmond-Petersburg Campaigns before being captured by Confederate forces and held at the infamous Libby Prison. After his release, he was promoted to the rank of brevet brigadier general at the age of 24. Following the war, Walker served on the editorial staff of the Springfield Republican before using his family and military connections to gain appointment as the Chief of the Bureau of Statistics from 1869 to 1870 and Superintendent of the 1870 census where he published an award-winning Statistical Atlas visualizing the data for the first time. He joined Yale University's Sheffield Scientific School as a professor of political economy in 1872 and rose to international prominence serving as a chief member of the 1876 Philadelphia Exposition, American representative to the 1878 International Monetary Conference, President of the American Statistical Association in 1882, and inaugural President of the American Economic Association in 1886, and vice president of the National Academy of Sciences in 1890. Walker also led the 1880 census which resulted in a twenty-two volume census, cementing Walker's reputation as the nation's preeminent statistician. As an economist, Walker debunked the wage-fund doctrine and engaged in a prominent scholarly debate with Henry George on land, rent, and taxes. Although Walker argued that obligations existed between the employer and the employed, he was an opponent of the nascent socialist movement and argued in support of bimetallism. He published his International Bimetallism at the height of the 1896 presidential election campaign in which economic issues were prominent. Walker was a prolific writer, authoring ten books on political economy and military history. In recognition of his contributions to economic theory, beginning in 1947, the American Economic Association recognized the lifetime achievement of an individual economist with a "Francis A. Walker Medal". Walker accepted the presidency of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1881, a position he held for fifteen years until his death. During his tenure, he placed the institution on more stable financial footing by aggressively fund-raising and securing grants from the Massachusetts government and implemented many curricular reforms, oversaw the launch of new academic programs, and expanded the size of the Boston campus, faculty, and student enrollments. MIT's Walker Memorial Hall, a former students' clubhouse and one of the original buildings on the Charles River campus, was dedicated to him in 1916.
  • Francis Amasa Walker war ein US-amerikanischer General, Statistiker und Nationalökonom.
  • Файл:Francis Amasa Walker. jpg Уокер, Фрэнсис Амаса Генерал Фрэнсис Амаса Уокер — американский экономист и статистик. Звание бригадного генерала заслужил, участвуя в Гражданской войне. Профессор Йельского университета и Массачусетского технологического института. Первый президент Американской экономической ассоциации (1886—1892). В честь У. данная организация с 1947 по 1977 гг. вручала медаль Фрэнсиса У.
  • Francis Amasa Walker, född 2 juli 1840 i Boston, död där 5 januari 1897, var en amerikansk statistiker och nationalekonom; son till Amasa Walker. Walker blev som juris studerande vid Amherst College 1861 volontär och avancerade under amerikanska inbördeskriget så snabbt, att han vid sitt avsked, på grund av sjukdom, 1865, fick titeln brigadgeneral. Efter att sedan några år ha varit lärare i klassiska språk blev han 1869 chef för statistiska byrån i Washington, D.C. Han hade då utgett Commerce and Navigation of the United States (två band, 1868-69). Han hade högsta ledningen av nionde folkräkningen inom unionen, 1870-72. År 1863 hade han blivit "artium magister" i Amherst, och 1873 blev han professor i ekonomi och historia vid Yale University. År 1878 var han delegerad för USA vid myntkongressen i Paris. Han blev 1881 president för Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Från 1882 var han ordförande i statistiska och från 1885 i nationalekonomiska föreningen samt från 1891 vice ordförande i The National Academy of Sciences under flera år. Förutom History of the Second Army Corps (1886) och åtskilliga statistiska verk, bland annat The Tenth Census 1879-81 (24 delar, 1883ff), utgav Walker flera betydande arbeten i nationalekonomi. Särskilt kan nämnas The Wages Question (1876; ny upplaga 1891), den mot georgismen riktade Land and Rent, Political Economy (båda 1883), First Lessons of Political Economy (1890). En samling av hans uppsatser i olika tidskrifter utgavs under titeln Discussions in Economy and Statistics (två band, 1899). Genom sina läroböcker blev han erkänd som den främste amerikanske nationalekonomen på det området och betecknades därför som USA:s John Stuart Mill. I myntfrågan stod han på bimetallistisk ståndpunkt. Denna förfäktade han bland annat i böckerna Money (1878; ny upplaga 1880), Money in Its Relation to Trade and Industry (1879; ny upplaga 1880) och International Bimetallism (1896). Walker förfäktade currencyteorin och David Ricardos jordräntelära, men bekämpade den klassiska frihandelsdoktrinen och den så kallade lönefondsteorin samt kom i viss anslutning till den historiska skolan i nationalekonomin. Den amerikanska statistiken räknar honom till sina grundläggare. Den nationalekonomiska vetenskapen har honom att tacka i synnerhet för en god utredning av skillnaden mellan kapitalist och entreprenör, ränta och vinst. Hans betydelse för vetenskapens uppsving i USA är mindre omtvistad än värdet av hans egna huvudteorier i fråga om arbetslönen och dess förhållande till jordränta och kapitalränta. I den vetenskapliga diskussionen präglades hans inlägg av "den tappre soldatens okänslighet för nederlag".
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  • Francis Amasa Walker (July 2, 1840 – January 5, 1897) was an American economist, statistician, journalist, educator, academic administrator, and military officer in the Union Army. Walker was born into a prominent Boston family, the son of the economist and politician Amasa Walker, and he graduated from Amherst College at the age of 20. He received a commission to join the 15th Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteers and quickly rose through the ranks as an assistant adjutant general.
  • Francis Amasa Walker war ein US-amerikanischer General, Statistiker und Nationalökonom.
  • Файл:Francis Amasa Walker. jpg Уокер, Фрэнсис Амаса Генерал Фрэнсис Амаса Уокер — американский экономист и статистик. Звание бригадного генерала заслужил, участвуя в Гражданской войне. Профессор Йельского университета и Массачусетского технологического института.
  • Francis Amasa Walker, född 2 juli 1840 i Boston, död där 5 januari 1897, var en amerikansk statistiker och nationalekonom; son till Amasa Walker. Walker blev som juris studerande vid Amherst College 1861 volontär och avancerade under amerikanska inbördeskriget så snabbt, att han vid sitt avsked, på grund av sjukdom, 1865, fick titeln brigadgeneral. Efter att sedan några år ha varit lärare i klassiska språk blev han 1869 chef för statistiska byrån i Washington, D.C.
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