A flow battery is a form of rechargeable battery in which electrolyte containing one or more dissolved electroactive species flows through a Electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy directly to electricity. Additional electrolyte is stored externally, generally in tanks, and is usually pumped through the cell (or cells) of the reactor, although gravity feed systems are also known.

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  • A flow battery is a form of rechargeable battery in which electrolyte containing one or more dissolved electroactive species flows through a Electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy directly to electricity. Additional electrolyte is stored externally, generally in tanks, and is usually pumped through the cell (or cells) of the reactor, although gravity feed systems are also known. Flow batteries can be rapidly "recharged" by replacing the electrolyte liquid (in a similar way to refilling fuel tanks for internal combustion engines) while simultaneously recovering the spent material for re-energization. Fuel cells are electrochemical energy conversion devices that convert chemical energy directly to electrical energy in which a fuel and an oxidant undergo electron transfer reactions at the anode and cathode of an operating electrochemical cell respectively, separated by an ion exchange membrane. These devices are not subject to Carnot's limitations for heat engines and can ideally generate electricity as long as they are supplied with fuel and an oxidant. They differ from batteries in that the active chemical species are stored inside the battery where as they are supplied externally in the case of fuel cells. So, power and energy specifications can be scaled up independently for a fuel cell where as the energy density of a battery is limited by the amount of active material that it can stored inside it. Under these definitions a flow battery is a special type of rechargeable battery in which the dissolution of active species in the electrolyte permits external storage of reactants there by allowing independent scale up of power and energy density specifications. Also, external storage of reactants avoids self-discharge that is observed in primary and secondary battery systems. Electrolyte in a fuel cell remains at all times within the reactor (in the form of an ion-exchange membrane, for example). What flows into the reactor are only the electroactive chemicals, which are non-conducting (e.g. hydrogen, methanol, oxygen, etc. ) This is in contrast to a flow battery in which at least some of the electrolyte (generally the majority in weight and volume terms) flows through the reactor. Flow batteries are also distinguished from fuel cells by the fact that the chemical reaction involved is often reversible, i.e. they are generally of the secondary battery type and so they can be recharged without replacing the electroactive material. Also, an important factor in redox flow battery is that the power and energy density of the redox flow batteries are independent of each other in contrast to rechargeable secondary batteries. To add to the confusion the European Patent Organisation classifies redox flow cells (H01M8/18C4) as a sub-class of regenerative fuel cells (H01M8/18).
  • Die Redox-Flow-Zelle (Red für Reduktion = Elektronenaufnahme, Ox für Oxidation = Elektronenabgabe) speichert elektrische Energie in chemischen Verbindungen wie bei klassischen Akkumulatoren, hier jedoch in flüssiger Form. Die zwei energiespeichernden Elektrolyte zirkulieren dabei in zwei getrennten Kreisläufen, zwischen denen in der Zelle mittels einer Membran der Elektronenaustausch erfolgt. Die Zellenspannung liegt typisch bei 1,5 V. Die energiespeichernden Elektrolyte werden außerhalb der Zelle in getrennten Tanks gelagert, wodurch die gespeicherte Energiemenge nicht mehr von der Größe der Zelle abhängt. Die Tanks können einfach und manuell befüllt und die Batterie somit geladen werden. Die Grundlagen für Redox-Flow-Zellen wurden in den 1970er Jahren geschaffen.
  • Flowbatteriet är en typ av elektrokemisk cell där det är elektrolyten som innehåller energin. Det mesta av elektrolyten befinner sig i tankar utanför cellen, och i detta avseende liknar flowbatteriet en bränslecell. Genom att driva redoxreaktionen åt andra hållet, är det möjligt att på nytt lagra energi i elektrolyten. Principen för flowbatteriet uppfanns 1902.
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  • A flow battery is a form of rechargeable battery in which electrolyte containing one or more dissolved electroactive species flows through a Electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy directly to electricity. Additional electrolyte is stored externally, generally in tanks, and is usually pumped through the cell (or cells) of the reactor, although gravity feed systems are also known.
  • Die Redox-Flow-Zelle (Red für Reduktion = Elektronenaufnahme, Ox für Oxidation = Elektronenabgabe) speichert elektrische Energie in chemischen Verbindungen wie bei klassischen Akkumulatoren, hier jedoch in flüssiger Form. Die zwei energiespeichernden Elektrolyte zirkulieren dabei in zwei getrennten Kreisläufen, zwischen denen in der Zelle mittels einer Membran der Elektronenaustausch erfolgt. Die Zellenspannung liegt typisch bei 1,5 V.
  • Flowbatteriet är en typ av elektrokemisk cell där det är elektrolyten som innehåller energin. Det mesta av elektrolyten befinner sig i tankar utanför cellen, och i detta avseende liknar flowbatteriet en bränslecell. Genom att driva redoxreaktionen åt andra hållet, är det möjligt att på nytt lagra energi i elektrolyten. Principen för flowbatteriet uppfanns 1902.
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  • Flow battery
  • Redox-Flow-Zelle
  • Flowbatteri
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