The Erya is the oldest extant Chinese dictionary or Chinese encyclopedia. Bernhard Karlgren concluded that "the major part of its glosses must reasonably date from" the 3rd century BC. Chinese scholars interpret the first title character er" ("you, your; adverbial suffix") as a phonetic loan character for the homophonous er ("near; close; approach"), and believe the second ya (雅; "proper; correct; refined; elegant") refers to words or language. According to W.

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dbpprop:abstract
  • The Erya is the oldest extant Chinese dictionary or Chinese encyclopedia. Bernhard Karlgren concluded that "the major part of its glosses must reasonably date from" the 3rd century BC. Chinese scholars interpret the first title character er" ("you, your; adverbial suffix") as a phonetic loan character for the homophonous er ("near; close; approach"), and believe the second ya (雅; "proper; correct; refined; elegant") refers to words or language. According to W. South Coblin : "The interpretation of the title as something like 'approaching what is correct, proper, refined' is now widely accepted. " It has been translated as "The Literary Expositor," "The Ready Rectifier", and "Progress Towards Correctness" (A. von Rosthorn). "Approaching Elegance/Refinement," Alex Kolesnikov. The book's author is unknown. Although it is traditionally attributed to the Duke of Zhou, Confucius, or his disciples, scholarship suggests that someone compiled and edited diverse glosses from commentaries to pre-Qin texts, especially the Shijing. The Erya was considered the authoritative lexicographic guide to Chinese classic texts during the Han Dynasty, and it was officially categorised as one of the Thirteen Confucian Classics during the Song Dynasty. The best-known textual annotations include the Western Jin Dynasty Erya zhu (爾雅注; "Erya Commentary") by Guo Pu (郭璞; 276-324 CE), the Northern Song Dynasty Erya shu (爾雅疏; "Erya Subcommentary") by Xing Bing (邢昺; 931-1010), the Song Dynasty Eryayi (爾雅翼; "Wings to the Erya") by Luo Yuan (羅願; 1136-1184), and the Qing Dynasty Erya zhengyi (爾雅正義; "Correct Meanings of the Erya") by Shao Jinhan (邵晋涵; 1743-1796) and Erya yishu (爾雅義疏 "Subcommentary on Meanings of the Erya") by Hao Yixing (郝懿行; 1757-1825). The Erya has been described as a dictionary, glossary, synonymicon, thesaurus, and encyclopaedia. Karlgren explains that the book "is not a dictionary in abstracto, it is a collection of direct glosses to concrete passages in ancient texts. " The received text contains 2094 entries, covering about 4300 words, and a total of 13,113 characters. It is divided into nineteen sections, the first of which is subdivided into two parts. The title of each chapter combines shi ("explain; elucidate") with a term describing the words under definition. Seven chapters (4, 8, 9, 10, 12, 18, and 19) are organized into taxonomies. For instance, chapter 4 defines terms for: paternal clan (宗族), maternal relatives (母黨), wife's relatives (妻黨), and marriage (婚姻). The text is divided between the first three heterogeneous chapters defining abstract words and the last sixteen semantically-arranged chapters defining concrete words. The last seven – concerning grasses, trees, insects and reptiles, fish, birds, wild animals, and domestic animals – describe more than 590 kinds of flora and fauna. It is a valuable document of natural history and historical biogeography.
  • 爾雅（じが Ěryǎ）は、中国最古の類語辞典・語釈辞典。儒教では周公制作説があるが、春秋戦国時代以降に行われた古典の語義解釈を漢初の学者が整理補充したものと考えられている。訓詁学の書。『漢書』芸文志には3巻20篇と記載されているが、現行本は19篇である。 漢唐の古文学や清朝考証学において非常に重視され、後には十三経の一つに挙げられている。唐代には開成石経にも刻まれた。
  • Erya (Benadering van elegantie of Toenadering tot het oprechte) is de naam van een Chinees woordenboek dat dateert uit de late Zhou of de vroege Han-tijd. Het boek bevat trefwoorden over onder meer flora en fauna en verder verklarende aantekeningen over begrippen uit andere klassieke Chinese werken. Juist door dit laatste werd het werk sinds de Tang-dynastie gerekend tot de Confucianistische Klassieken.
  • Erya (wym. ar-ja) - to najstarszy chiński leksykon, którego fragmenty powstały już w III w. p.n.e. Taką datę powstania Erya wskazywał m. in. Bernhard Karlgren. Tytuł Erya składa się ze znaku er (ty, twój) oraz ya (właściwy, poprawny, elegancki, sprawdzony), stąd angielskie tłumaczenia: "The Literary Expositor," "The Ready Rectifier" oraz "Progress Towards Correctness". Autor leksykonu jest nieznany.
  • Эръя — один из древнейших толковых словарей китайских иероглифов. Коллективный труд учёных древнего Китая, созданный в III—II веках до н.  э. По другим версиям авторство приписывается Конфуцию или Чжоу Гуну. При династии Цинь словарь был уничтожен, восстановлен при династии Хань. Входит в конфуцианское Тринадцатикнижие. Помимо толкования иероглифов, содержит сведения по орфографии и грамматике, энциклопедические данные. Состоит из 19 пяней.
  • 《尔雅》是中国最早的一部解释词义的书，是中国古代的词典。《尔雅》也是儒家的经典之一，列入十三经之中。其中“尔”是“近”的意思；“雅”本意为“正”，引申为“雅言”，指官方规定的规范语言。“尔雅”就是“近正”，使语言接近于官方规定的语言。《尔雅》是后代考证古代词语的一部著作。
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  • yi5 ngaa5
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  • Ěryǎ
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  • 1996 Zhonghua Shuju edition Erya
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  • 尔雅
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  • 爾雅
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  • Erh-ya
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  • The Erya (in Chinese)
  • zh
  • 爾雅
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rdfs:comment
  • The Erya is the oldest extant Chinese dictionary or Chinese encyclopedia. Bernhard Karlgren concluded that "the major part of its glosses must reasonably date from" the 3rd century BC. Chinese scholars interpret the first title character er" ("you, your; adverbial suffix") as a phonetic loan character for the homophonous er ("near; close; approach"), and believe the second ya (雅; "proper; correct; refined; elegant") refers to words or language. According to W.
  • Erya (Benadering van elegantie of Toenadering tot het oprechte) is de naam van een Chinees woordenboek dat dateert uit de late Zhou of de vroege Han-tijd. Het boek bevat trefwoorden over onder meer flora en fauna en verder verklarende aantekeningen over begrippen uit andere klassieke Chinese werken. Juist door dit laatste werd het werk sinds de Tang-dynastie gerekend tot de Confucianistische Klassieken.
  • Erya (wym. ar-ja) - to najstarszy chiński leksykon, którego fragmenty powstały już w III w. p.n.e. Taką datę powstania Erya wskazywał m. in. Bernhard Karlgren. Tytuł Erya składa się ze znaku er (ty, twój) oraz ya (właściwy, poprawny, elegancki, sprawdzony), stąd angielskie tłumaczenia: "The Literary Expositor," "The Ready Rectifier" oraz "Progress Towards Correctness". Autor leksykonu jest nieznany.
  • Эръя — один из древнейших толковых словарей китайских иероглифов. Коллективный труд учёных древнего Китая, созданный в III—II веках до н.  э. По другим версиям авторство приписывается Конфуцию или Чжоу Гуну.
  • 《尔雅》是中国最早的一部解释词义的书，是中国古代的词典。《尔雅》也是儒家的经典之一，列入十三经之中。其中“尔”是“近”的意思；“雅”本意为“正”，引申为“雅言”，指官方规定的规范语言。“尔雅”就是“近正”，使语言接近于官方规定的语言。《尔雅》是后代考证古代词语的一部著作。
rdfs:label
  • Erya
  • 爾雅
  • Erya
  • Erya
  • Эръя
  • 尔雅
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