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- Episcopal polity is a form of church governance which is hierarchical in structure with the chief authority over a local Christian church resting in a bishop . This episcopal structure is found most often in the various churches of Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and other Eastern Church, and Anglican lineage. Some churches founded independently of these lineages also employ this form of church governance. It is usually considered that the bishops of an episcopal polity derive their authority from an unbroken, personal Apostolic Succession from the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Bishops with such authority are known as the historical episcopate. Churches with this type of government usually believe that the Church requires episcopal government as described in the New Testament. For much of the written history of Christianity, episcopal government was the only known form of church organization. This changed at the Reformation. Many Protestant churches are now organized by either congregational or presbyterian church polities, both descended from the writings of John Calvin, a Protestant reformer working and writing independently following the break with the Roman Catholic Church precipitated by The Ninety-Five Theses of Martin Luther. However, the majority of Christians are still members of the historic churches of episcopal governance. There are subtle differences in governmental principles among episcopal churches at the present time. To some extent the separation of episcopal churches can be traced to these differences in ecclesiology, that is, their theological understanding of church and church governance. The church of Rome, and the churches of Alexandria, Antioch, Constantinople, Jerusalem, and the later self-governing churches (the Eastern Orthodox Churches in modern terms), have an episcopal government, as do the Oriental Orthodox, Assyrian Church of the East, Anglican, some Lutheran and many Methodist churches.
- Episkopalismus (abgeleitet von griech. episkopos „Vorsteher, Bischof“) bezeichnet eine Grundsatzposition im Streit um die Verfassung der christlichen Kirche.
- 監督制（かんとくせい）とは、聖職者、教役者、教職者において、司教、主教（監督）、司祭、執事と定める叙任制度。他の教会政治は会衆制、長老制。 主に、聖公会、ルター派、メソジスト、イギリス国教会、救世軍などがこの制度を採用している。ただし、プロテスタントの万人祭司に対して、聖職位階制を採用し、聖職者を叙任する叙階（叙聖）をカトリック教会や正教会のように秘跡（機密）と認めている場合とは区別していうことがある。
- Епископальная система церковного управления — форма организации управления христианской церкви, основанная на иерархии епископов. Епископальная система противостоит пресвитерианской системе, в которой властные полномочия предоставлены коллегиальным органам, и конгрегационалистским конфессиям, в которых каждый церковный приход независим от каких-либо вышестоящих священнослужителей или религиозных организаций. Епископальная система (епископат) принята в большинстве христианских церквей: католической, православной, лютеранской, англиканской, армянской и других.
- Episkopalism är uppfattningen att kyrkans högsta ledning ligger hos biskoparna (och till exempel inte hos påven). Den anglikanska kyrkan kallar sig ofta Episcopal Church och då i särskild motsättning till presbyterianismen.
- Piskoposluk tarzı yönetim, bir kilise yönetim biçimidir. Bu yönetim biçimi hiyerarşik bir düzenlemeye sahiptir ve yerel Hıristiyan kilisesinin yönetimi o yerin piskoposundadır. Bu tip yönetim sistemi genellikle Ortodoks veya Katolik geçmişe sahip kiliselerde bulunur. Sözcüğün kökeni Yunanca episkopos sözcüğüdür.
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