Daijō Tennō or Dajō Tennō (both accepted readings of 太上天皇) was a Japanese Emperor (Tennō) who abdicated in favor of a successor. It is often shortened as Jōkō (上皇). As defined in the Taihō Code, although retired, a Daijō Tennō could still exert power. The first such example of Daijō Tennō is the Empress Jitō in the 7th century. A retired emperor sometimes entered the Buddhist monastic community, becoming a cloistered emperor.

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  • Daijō Tennō or Dajō Tennō (both accepted readings of 太上天皇) was a Japanese Emperor (Tennō) who abdicated in favor of a successor. It is often shortened as Jōkō (上皇). As defined in the Taihō Code, although retired, a Daijō Tennō could still exert power. The first such example of Daijō Tennō is the Empress Jitō in the 7th century. A retired emperor sometimes entered the Buddhist monastic community, becoming a cloistered emperor. This practice was rather common during the Heian period. The last Emperor to rule as a Jōkō was Emperor Kōkaku (1779-1817). The Emperor later created an incident called the "Songo incident" (the "respectful title incident"). The emperor disputed with the Tokugawa Shogunate about his intention to give a title of Abdicated Emperor (Daijō-tennō) to his father, who was an Imperial Prince Sukehito. A total of 62 Japanese emperors abdicated. An incomplete list follows:
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  • Daijō Tennō or Dajō Tennō (both accepted readings of 太上天皇) was a Japanese Emperor (Tennō) who abdicated in favor of a successor. It is often shortened as Jōkō (上皇). As defined in the Taihō Code, although retired, a Daijō Tennō could still exert power. The first such example of Daijō Tennō is the Empress Jitō in the 7th century. A retired emperor sometimes entered the Buddhist monastic community, becoming a cloistered emperor.
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  • Emperor Daijō
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