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- Emanuel Swedenborg byl švédský vědec, vynálezce, teolog a mystik, autor mnoha latinských spisů. Z jeho učení vzešla Církev Nového Jeruzaléma, jejíž členové jsou známi jako swedenborgiáni.
- Emanuel (von) Swedenborg, eigentlich Swedberg war ein schwedischer Wissenschaftler, Mystiker und Theologe. Seine zahlreichen wissenschaftlichen Schriften verfasste er ausschließlich in lateinischer Sprache.
- (born Emanuel Swedberg; January 29, 1688 – March 29, 1772) was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, theologian and Christian mystic. He termed himself a "Servant of the Lord Jesus Christ" in True Christian Religion, one of the works he published himself. Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist. In 1741, at the age of 53, he entered into a spiritual phase in which he eventually began to experience dreams and visions beginning on Easter weekend April 6, 1744. This culminated in a spiritual awakening, whereupon he claimed he was appointed by the Lord to write a heavenly doctrine to reform Christianity. He claimed that the Lord had opened his spiritual eyes, so that from then on he could freely visit heaven and hell, and talk with angels, demons and other spirits. He said that the Last Judgement had already occurred, in 1757, although only visible in the spiritual world, where he had witnessed it. That Judgement was followed by the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, which occurred, not by Christ in person, but by a revelation from Him through the inner, spiritual sense of the Word to Swedenborg. In fact, Swedenborg said, it is the presence of that spiritual sense that makes the Word Divine. For the remaining 28 years of his life, he wrote and published 18 theological works, of which the best known was Heaven and Hell (1758), and several unpublished theological works. Some followers of Swedenborg believe that, of his theological works, only those which Swedenborg published himself are fully divinely inspired. In Life on Other Planets, Swedenborg stated that he conversed with spirits from Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Venus, and the Moon. He did not report conversing with spirits from Uranus and Neptune, which were not yet discovered. This lack is seen by some to raise question about the credibility of all his reports on this matter. This issue has been extensively reviewed elsewhere. Swedenborg rejected the doctrine of salvation through faith alone, since he considered both faith and charity necessary for salvation, not one without the other, whereas the Reformers taught that faith alone procured justification, although it must be a faith which resulted in obedience. The purpose of faith, according to Swedenborg, is to lead a person to a life according to the truths of faith, which is charity, as is taught in 1 Corinthians 13:13 and James 2:20. Swedenborg's theological writings have elicited a range of responses. However, he made no attempt to found a church. A few years after his death – 15 by one estimate – for the most part in England, small reading groups formed to study the truth they saw in his teachings. As one scholar has noted, Swedenborg’s teachings particularly appealed to the various dissenting groups that sprang up in the first half of the 19th century who were "surfeited with revivalism and narrow-mindedness" and found his optimism and comprehensive explanations appealing. A variety of important cultural figures, both writers and artists, were influenced by Swedenborg, including Johnny Appleseed, William Blake, Jorge Luis Borges, Daniel Burnham, Arthur Conan Doyle, Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Flaxman, George Inness, Henry James Sr. , Carl Jung, Immanuel Kant, Honoré de Balzac, Helen Keller, Czesław Miłosz, August Strindberg, D. T. Suzuki, and W. B. Yeats. His philosophy had a great impact on the Duke of Sodermanland, later King Carl XIII, who as the Grandmaster of Swedish Freemasonry (Svenska Frimurare Orden) built its unique system of degrees and wrote its rituals. In contrast, one of the most prominent Swedish authors of Swedenborg's day, Johan Henric Kellgren, called Swedenborg "nothing but a fool". A heresy trial was initiated in Sweden in 1768 against Swedenborg's writings and two men who promoted these ideas. In the two centuries since Swedenborg's death, various interpretations of his theology have been made, and he has also been scrutinized in biographies and psychological studies.
- Emanuel Swedenborg (nacido Swedberg) fue un científico, teólogo y filósofo sueco.
- Emanuel Swedenborg (vuoteen 1719 asti Swedberg) oli ruotsalainen tiedemies, filosofi, mystikko ja teologi. Swedenborg oli tuottelias kirjoittaja, jonka tuotanto käsittää yli neljä hyllymetriä tieteellisiä teoksia eri aloilta.
- Emanuel Svedberg (ou Swedberg) devenu officiellement après son anoblissement Emanuel Swedenborg, né le 29 janvier 1688 à Stockholm et mort le 29 mars 1772 à Londres, est un scientifique, théologien et philosophe suédois du XVIII siècle. Dans la première partie de sa vie, Swedenborg fut un scientifique et un inventeur prolifique, ce qui lui valut alors dans certains cercles, le surnom de Léonard de Vinci du Nord ou encore d’Aristote de Suède. À l'âge de cinquante-six ans, il déclara être entré dans une phase spirituelle de sa vie et dit ensuite avoir des rêves et des visions mystiques dans lesquels il discutait avec des anges et des esprits, voire avec Dieu et Jésus-Christ, et visitait le Paradis et l'Enfer.
- È considerato tra i precursori dello spiritismo.
- エマヌエル・スヴェーデンボリ（Emanuel Swedenborg, 1688年1月29日 - 1772年3月29日）はスウェーデン王国出身の科学者・神学者・神秘主義思想家。スウェーデンボルグ、スヱデンボルグとも。霊的体験にもとづく大量の著述で知られ、その多くが大英博物館に保管されている。スヴェーデンボリは貴族に叙された後の名。
- 에마누엘 스베덴보리은 스웨덴의 신학자이자, 천문학자이다. 1734년에 태양계의 형성에 대한 가설인 성운 가설을 제창한 것으로 유명하며, 1741년에는 영적 생활에 들어가 천사나 여러 신령과 말하고, 천계 및 지계에 대한 독자적인 해석을 시도했다 한다.
- Emanuel Swedenborg was een Zweedse wetenschapper, filosoof en theoloog. De familie Swedenborg was van adel. Zijn vader Jesper Swedenborg was bisschop en professor aan de universiteit van Uppsala. Na zijn universitaire studies te Uppsala waar hij filosofie, wiskunde, wetenschappen, Latijn, Grieks en Hebreeuws studeerde volgde hij nog talrijke andere opleidingen. Hij studeerde fysica, astronomie, werd boekbinder en maakte muziekinstrumenten. Ook interesseerde hij zich voor kosmologie, anatomie, fysiologie, politiek, economie, metallurgie, mineralogie, geologie en scheikunde en na 1743 met name voor godsdienst, esoterie en mystiek. Swedenborg bestudeerde de hersenen en de endocriene klieren. Sommige van zijn ontdekkingen werden pas in de twintigste eeuw bevestigd als juist/werkbaar. Swedenborg was de eerste die voorstelde het metriek stelsel in te voeren in heel Europa. Swedenborgs genie was onuitputtelijk. Hij maakte ontwerpen voor vliegtuigen, duikboten, wapens, luchtpompen, enz. Swedenborg was eveneens sterk geïnteresseerd in spiritualiteit. Hij probeerde zelfs een rationele verklaring te vinden voor de werking van de ziel. In de jaren 1744 en 1745 kreeg Swedenborg een reeks ‘visioenen’ die diepe indruk op hem maakten. Dat gebeurde na een ernstige crisis in 1743. Vanaf 1745 verbleef hij tot aan zijn dood in Londen. Daar schreef hij een 30-delig werk over theologie. Swedenborg heeft nooit een orde of genootschap opgericht. Na zijn dood begonnen een paar volgelingen in Engeland een organisatie op te richtten onder de naam ‘Church of the New Jeruzalem’. Dit was in Londen in 1783. In 1788 telde zij al talrijke leden die zich verenigden in een tempel. In de Verenigde Staten kennen we de ‘Swedenborgritus’, opgericht in 1859 door leden van de eerder genoemde 'Church of the New Jeruzalem'. Vanuit New York ging de Ritus verder naar Canada. In de Verenigde Staten zijn er duizenden leden van de Swedenborgiaanse Kerk. Ook Zweden, Polen en Rusland kenden volgelingen van deze Ritus. In Nederland bestaat een Swedenborg-genootschap (‘s-Gravenhage) dat alle werken van Swedenborg (van ca 1910-1970) in het Nederlands vertaalde. Frappant is dat Jakob Lorber in zijn boek De Geestelijke Zon deel 2, (1846) hoofdstuk 14, Swedenborg noemt en mogelijk een verwijzing naar de profeet Daniël als reïncarnatie van Swedenborg geeft. De werken van Swedenborg: Principia rerum naturalium (1734), Oeconomia regni animalis (1740-1741), De cultu et amore Dei (1745), Arcana coelestia (1749-1756), De coelo et de inferno (1758), De divino amore et de divina sapientia (1763), Apocalypsis Revelata (De Openbaring Onthuld) (1766), NL = 1964 De amore conjugali (1768), Vera christiania religio (1771) Diarium spirituale (postuum)
- Emanuel Swedenborg var en svensk naturvitenskapsmann, filosof, mystiker og religiøs tenker. Han skrev mange bøker i løpet av sitt liv hvor han fremmet sine tanker. Da han var omkring femti år, opplevde han en personlig åndelig krise. Dette fikk ham til å tenke over religiøse spørsmål. Han hevdet så at han mottok åpenbaringer og at han talte med både engler og djevler. Etter hans død vakte hans tanker interesse hos mange, og ble til det som er kjent som swedenborgianisme.
- Emanuel Swedenborg, przed nobilitacją Swedberg – szwedzki naukowiec, filozof, mistyk i interpretator Pisma Świętego. Pod koniec XVIII wieku na bazie przesłania pism Swedenborga ugruntowała się doktryna religijna nazywana Nowym Jeruzalem. Oparta ona została na wierze w to, iż szwedzki naukowiec doświadczył bezpośredniej wizji Sądu Ostatecznego i powtórnego nadejścia Boga, będąc tym samym wtajemniczonym w ukryte treści Pisma Świętego. Swedenborg był również twórcą koncepcji angelologicznej, której centralnym punktem była wizja płciowego Anioła jako stadia rozwoju duchowego człowieka.
- Emanuel Swedenborg, foi um polímata e espiritualista sueco.
- Эммануил Сведенборг (Emanuel Swedenborg, урожденный Emanuel Swedberg — шведский ученый-естествоиспытатель, теософ, изобретатель. Его отец, Еспер Сведберг, был профессором богословия в Уппсальском университете и настоятелем собора. Позднее он стал епископом в Скаре. Сведенборг закончил философский факультет Уппсальского университета. Изучал физику, астрономию и главные из естественных наук. Позднее занимался космологией, механикой, математикой, анатомией, физиологией, политикой, экономикой, металлургией, геологией, горным делом и химией. Является автором трудов по обработке металлов. Считается родоначальником таких дисциплин, как минералогия, физиология мозга. 1744 и 1745 годы — период духовного перелома в его жизни. 6 апреля 1744 года он был, по его словам, удостоен посещения Господом Иисусом Христом. Он писал: « В эту же ночь открылся и мой внутренний взор, так что я получил возможность видеть обитателей мира духов, небеса и ад, и, благодаря этому, множество скрытых аспектов бытия. После этого я совершенно оставил мои занятия в земных науках и посвятил себя исключительно духовным постижениям, и Господь Сам руководил моими записями об этом. » После этого занимался написанием теологических сочинений, в основном комментариев к Библии .
- Emanuel Swedenborg, född Swedberg 29 januari 1688 i S:t Jakobs församling i Stockholm, död 29 mars 1772 (84 år) i London, var en svensk vetenskapsman, filosof, bibeltolkare, teosof, kristen mystiker och teolog. Swedenborg hade en mångsidig karriär som uppfinnare och vetenskapsman. Under större delen av sitt liv publicerade han en mängd skrifter, huvudsakligen skrivna på latin. I skriftsammanhang formulerade han sig sällan på svenska.
- Еммануїл Сведенборг (Emanuel Swedenborg, уродждений Emanuel Swedberg — шведський учений-природознавець, теософ, винахідник.
- 伊曼紐·斯威登堡（ Emanuel Swedenborg，1688年1月29日－1772年3月29日），又譯作史威登堡，瑞典科學家、神秘主義者、哲學家和神學家。 他的父親耶斯培·斯維登堡是著名的牧師。 1709年在烏普薩拉大學畢業後，往荷蘭、法國、德國旅遊，後來在英國倫敦學習力學、哲學，閱讀詩歌，還聽過牛頓的課。 1715年回國，並出版瑞典的第一種自然科學雜誌。之後二十年他都在自然科學和工程努力。國王查理十二世曾任命他為皇家礦務局顧問。 1734年他在德國莱比錫出版了3卷本的《哲學和邏輯學著作集》，這部著作的第一部分論述他的成熟的自然哲學。在這方面他深受法國大哲學家笛卡兒的影響。事實上，斯維登堡自然哲學的三個主要問題都受到笛卡兒的啟發： 物質由無限可分的微粒構成； 這些微粒處於永恆的旋轉運動之中； 地球行星系統是從太陽物質團中分離出來的。 第三個問題是他宇宙學的核心，深受英國作家T. 伯內特《神聖的地球理論》一書的影響，是康德-拉普拉斯星雲說的先驅。在這以後，斯維登堡對生理學和人體解剖學進行了認真的研究，特別著重研究了血液和大腦。提出人的靈魂位於大腦，特別是位於大腦細胞的皮層。但是他的解剖學上的成果並未受到同時代科學家的注意。 晚年主要研究神學。他將巨大的精力用於解釋《聖經》，並敘述他在幻覺中對神靈和天使世界的所見所聞。他認為上帝的存在是不可描述的，因為它本身既是實體又是形式。但是上帝的本質能從它的愛和智慧這兩種基本品質中得到理解。在與自然界相一致的神靈世界裏，上帝的本質是精神的太陽；它的溫暖是愛，它的光明是智慧。他拋棄了那種認為基督是上帝之子和三位一體的教義。認為創造是持續進行的、宇宙中每一事物都屬於一個系列，每個系列都有三個不同的度，這三個度由目的、原因和結果聯繫起來。每一結果都是下一較低系列的目的。創造的最後目的只能通過人來完成。他的想像力和宗教思想一直是巴爾扎克、波德萊爾、愛默生、葉芝和斯特林堡這些傑出作家靈感的源泉。
- (born Emanuel Swedberg; 29 January 1688 – 29 March 1772) was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, theologian, revelator, and, in the eyes of some, Christian mystic. He termed himself a "Servant of the Lord Jesus Christ" in True Christian Religion, one of the works he published himself. He is best known for his book on the afterlife, Heaven and Hell (Swedenborg). Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist. In 1741, at the age of 53, he entered into a spiritual phase in which he eventually began to experience dreams and visions beginning on Easter weekend April 6, 1744. This culminated in a spiritual awakening, whereupon he claimed he was appointed by the Lord to write a heavenly doctrine to reform Christianity. He claimed that the Lord had opened his spiritual eyes, so that from then on he could freely visit heaven and hell, and talk with angels, demons and other spirits. He said that the Last Judgement had already occurred, in 1757, although only visible in the spiritual world, where he had witnessed it. That Judgement was followed by the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, which occurred, not by Christ in person, but by a revelation from Him through the inner, spiritual sense of the Word to Swedenborg. In fact, Swedenborg said, it is the presence of that spiritual sense that makes the Word Divine. For the remaining 28 years of his life, he wrote and published 18 theological works, of which the best known was Heaven and Hell (1758), and several unpublished theological works. Some followers of Swedenborg believe that, of his theological works, only those which Swedenborg published himself are fully divinely inspired. In Life on Other Planets, Swedenborg stated that he conversed with spirits from Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Venus, and the Moon. He did not report conversing with spirits from Uranus and Neptune, which were not yet discovered. This lack is seen by some to raise question about the credibility of all his reports on this matter. This issue has been extensively reviewed elsewhere. Swedenborg rejected the doctrine of salvation through faith alone, since he considered both faith and charity necessary for salvation, not one without the other, whereas the Reformers taught that faith alone procured justification, although it must be a faith which resulted in obedience. The purpose of faith, according to Swedenborg, is to lead a person to a life according to the truths of faith, which is charity, as is taught in 1 Corinthians 13:13 and James 2:20. Swedenborg's theological writings have elicited a range of responses. However, he made no attempt to found a church. A few years after his death – 15 by one estimate – for the most part in England, small reading groups formed to study the truth they saw in his teachings. As one scholar has noted, Swedenborg's teachings particularly appealed to the various dissenting groups that sprang up in the first half of the 19th century who were "surfeited with revivalism and narrow-mindedness" and found his optimism and comprehensive explanations appealing. A variety of important cultural figures, both writers and artists, were influenced by Swedenborg, including Johnny Appleseed, William Blake, Jorge Luis Borges, Daniel Burnham, Arthur Conan Doyle, Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Flaxman, George Inness, Henry James Sr. , Carl Jung, Immanuel Kant, Honoré de Balzac, Helen Keller, Czesław Miłosz, August Strindberg, D. T. Suzuki, and W. B. Yeats. His philosophy had a great impact on the Duke of Sodermanland, later King Carl XIII, who as the Grand Master of Swedish Freemasonry (Svenska Frimurare Orden) built its unique system of degrees and wrote its rituals. In contrast, one of the most prominent Swedish authors of Swedenborg's day, Johan Henric Kellgren, called Swedenborg "nothing but a fool". A heresy trial was initiated in Sweden in 1768 against Swedenborg's writings and two men who promoted these ideas. In the two and a half centuries since Swedenborg's death, various interpretations of his theology have been made, and he has also been scrutinized in biographies and psychological studies. Of note is that, just as Jesus Christ, with his new teachings, was considered insane by some, so Swedenborg, with his claimed new dispensation, has been considered by some to suffer from mental illness. “While the insanity explanation was not uncommon during Swedenborg's own time, it is mitigated by his activity in the Swedish Riddarhuset (The House of the Nobility), the Riksdag (the Swedish parliament), and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Additionally, the system of thought in his theological writings is considered by some to be remarkably coherent. Furthermore, he was characterized by his contemporaries as a "kind and warm-hearted man", "amiable in his meeting with the public", speaking "easily and naturally of his spiritual. experiences". ”, with pleasant and interesting conversation…. An English friend of Kant's who visited Swedenborg at Kant's behest described Swedenborg as a "reasonable, pleasant and candid man and scholar". Of note here is Swedenborg's statement that he was commanded by the Lord to publish his writings and "Do not believe that without this express command I would have thought of publishing things which I knew in advance would make me look me ridiculous and many people would think lies…".
- (born Emanuel Swedberg; 29 January 1688 – 29 March 1772) was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, theologian, revelator, and, in the eyes of some, Christian mystic. He termed himself a "Servant of the Lord Jesus Christ" in True Christian Religion, one of the works he published himself. He is best known for his book on the afterlife, Heaven and Hell (Swedenborg). Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist. In 1741, at the age of 53, he entered into a spiritual phase in which he eventually began to experience dreams and visions beginning on Easter weekend April 6, 1744. This culminated in a spiritual awakening, whereupon he claimed he was appointed by the Lord to write a heavenly doctrine to reform Christianity. He claimed that the Lord had opened his spiritual eyes, so that from then on he could freely visit heaven and hell, and talk with angels, demons and other spirits. He said that the Last Judgement had already occurred, in 1757, although only visible in the spiritual world, where he had witnessed it. That Judgement was followed by the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, which occurred, not by Christ in person, but by a revelation from Him through the inner, spiritual sense of the Word to Swedenborg. In fact, Swedenborg said, it is the presence of that spiritual sense that makes the Word Divine. For the remaining 28 years of his life, he wrote and published 18 theological works, of which, as noted above, the best known was Heaven and Hell (1758), and several unpublished theological works. Some followers of Swedenborg believe that, of his theological works, only those which Swedenborg published himself are fully divinely inspired. In Earths in the Universe, Swedenborg stated that he conversed with spirits from Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Venus, the Moon, as well as spirits from planets beyond our solar system. Although from these encounters he falsely concluded that the planets of our solar system were inhabited, he admitted he could not see any of these physical worlds in the spiritual world, and that these societies appeared in "fixed positions" relative to the society of spirits drawn from earth. He explained that in order to increase the perfection of the angelic heaven, spirits from many worlds were necessary to fill in deficiencies and gaps in other societies. Swedenborg rejected the doctrine of salvation through faith alone, since he considered both faith and charity necessary for salvation, not one without the other, whereas the Reformers taught that faith alone procured justification, although it must be a faith which resulted in obedience. The purpose of faith, according to Swedenborg, is to lead a person to a life according to the truths of faith, which is charity, as is taught in 1 Corinthians 13:13 and James 2:20. Swedenborg's theological writings have elicited a range of responses. However, he made no attempt to found a church. A few years after his death – 15 by one estimate – for the most part in England, small reading groups formed to study the truth they saw in his teachings. As one scholar has noted, Swedenborg's teachings particularly appealed to the various dissenting groups that sprang up in the first half of the 19th century who were "surfeited with revivalism and narrow-mindedness" and found his optimism and comprehensive explanations appealing. A variety of important cultural figures, both writers and artists, were influenced by Swedenborg, including Johnny Appleseed, William Blake, Jorge Luis Borges, Daniel Burnham, Arthur Conan Doyle, Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Flaxman, George Inness, Henry James Sr. , Carl Jung, Immanuel Kant, Honoré de Balzac, Helen Keller, Czesław Miłosz, August Strindberg, D. T. Suzuki, and W. B. Yeats. His philosophy had a great impact on the Duke of Sodermanland, later King Carl XIII, who as the Grand Master of Swedish Freemasonry (Svenska Frimurare Orden) built its unique system of degrees and wrote its rituals. In contrast, one of the most prominent Swedish authors of Swedenborg's day, Johan Henric Kellgren, called Swedenborg "nothing but a fool". A heresy trial was initiated in Sweden in 1768 against Swedenborg's writings and two men who promoted these ideas. In the two and a half centuries since Swedenborg's death, various interpretations of his theology have been made, and he has also been scrutinized in biographies and psychological studies. Of note is that, just as Jesus Christ, with his new teachings, was considered insane by some, so Swedenborg, with his claimed new dispensation, has been considered by some to suffer from mental illness. “While the insanity explanation was not uncommon during Swedenborg's own time, it is mitigated by his activity in the Swedish Riddarhuset (The House of the Nobility), the Riksdag (the Swedish parliament), and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Additionally, the system of thought in his theological writings is considered by some to be remarkably coherent. Furthermore, he was characterized by his contemporaries as a "kind and warm-hearted man", "amiable in his meeting with the public", speaking "easily and naturally of his spiritual. experiences". ”, with pleasant and interesting conversation…. An English friend of Kant's who visited Swedenborg at Kant's behest described Swedenborg as a "reasonable, pleasant and candid man and scholar". Of note here is Swedenborg's statement that he was commanded by the Lord to publish his writings and "Do not believe that without this express command I would have thought of publishing things which I knew in advance would make me look ridiculous and many people would think lies…"
- (born Emanuel Swedberg; 29 January 1688 – 29 March 1772) was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, theologian, revelator, and, in the eyes of some, Christian mystic. He termed himself a "Servant of the Lord Jesus Christ" in True Christian Religion, one of the works he published himself. He is best known for his book on the afterlife, Heaven and Hell (Swedenborg). Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist. In 1741, at the age of 53, he entered into a spiritual phase in which he eventually began to experience dreams and visions beginning on Easter weekend April 6, 1744. This culminated in a spiritual awakening, whereupon he claimed he was appointed by the Lord to write a heavenly doctrine to reform Christianity. He claimed that the Lord had opened his spiritual eyes, so that from then on he could freely visit heaven and hell, and talk with angels, demons and other spirits. He said that the Last Judgement had already occurred, in 1757, although only visible in the spiritual world, where he had witnessed it. That Judgement was followed by the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, which occurred, not by Christ in person, but by a revelation from Him through the inner, spiritual sense of the Word to Swedenborg. In fact, Swedenborg said, it is the presence of that spiritual sense that makes the Word Divine. For the remaining 28 years of his life, he wrote and published 18 theological works, of which, as noted above, the best known was Heaven and Hell (1758), and several unpublished theological works. Some followers of Swedenborg believe that, of his theological works, only those which Swedenborg published himself are fully divinely inspired. In Earths in the Universe, Swedenborg stated that he conversed with spirits from Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Venus, the Moon, as well as spirits from planets beyond our solar system. From these encounters he concluded that the planets of our solar system are inhabited. No scientific evidence of this has been found to date. However, Swedenborg also argued that such an enormous undertaking as the universe could not have been created for just one race of people and one heaven derived from it. “What would this be to God, Who is infinite, and to whom a thousand or tens of thousands of planets, and all of them full of inhabitants, would be scarcely anything!” A recent study of the 100 billion or so stars in the Milky Way estimated that each host star averaged 1.6 planets, producing 160 billion star-bound planets in the Milky Way Galaxy alone. Swedenborg and the extraterrestrial question has been extensively reviewed elsewhere. Swedenborg rejected the doctrine of salvation through faith alone, since he considered both faith and charity necessary for salvation, not one without the other, whereas the Reformers taught that faith alone procured justification, although it must be a faith which resulted in obedience. The purpose of faith, according to Swedenborg, is to lead a person to a life according to the truths of faith, which is charity, as is taught in 1 Corinthians 13:13 and James 2:20. Swedenborg's theological writings have elicited a range of responses. However, he made no attempt to found a church. A few years after his death – 15 by one estimate – for the most part in England, small reading groups formed to study the truth they saw in his teachings. As one scholar has noted, Swedenborg's teachings particularly appealed to the various dissenting groups that sprang up in the first half of the 19th century who were "surfeited with revivalism and narrow-mindedness" and found his optimism and comprehensive explanations appealing. A variety of important cultural figures, both writers and artists, were influenced by Swedenborg, including Johnny Appleseed, William Blake, Jorge Luis Borges, Daniel Burnham, Arthur Conan Doyle, Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Flaxman, George Inness, Henry James Sr. , Carl Jung, Immanuel Kant, Honoré de Balzac, Helen Keller, Czesław Miłosz, August Strindberg, D. T. Suzuki, and W. B. Yeats. His philosophy had a great impact on the Duke of Sodermanland, later King Carl XIII, who as the Grand Master of Swedish Freemasonry (Svenska Frimurare Orden) built its unique system of degrees and wrote its rituals. In contrast, one of the most prominent Swedish authors of Swedenborg's day, Johan Henric Kellgren, called Swedenborg "nothing but a fool". A heresy trial was initiated in Sweden in 1768 against Swedenborg's writings and two men who promoted these ideas. In the two and a half centuries since Swedenborg's death, various interpretations of his theology have been made, and he has also been scrutinized in biographies and psychological studies. Of note is that, just as Jesus Christ, with his new teachings, was considered insane by some, so Swedenborg, with his claimed new dispensation, has been considered by some to suffer from mental illness. “While the insanity explanation was not uncommon during Swedenborg's own time, it is mitigated by his activity in the Swedish Riddarhuset (The House of the Nobility), the Riksdag (the Swedish parliament), and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Additionally, the system of thought in his theological writings is considered by some to be remarkably coherent. Furthermore, he was characterized by his contemporaries as a "kind and warm-hearted man", "amiable in his meeting with the public", speaking "easily and naturally of his spiritual. experiences". ”, with pleasant and interesting conversation…. An English friend of Kant's who visited Swedenborg at Kant's behest described Swedenborg as a "reasonable, pleasant and candid man and scholar". Of note here is Swedenborg's statement that he was commanded by the Lord to publish his writings and "Do not believe that without this express command I would have thought of publishing things which I knew in advance would make me look ridiculous and many people would think lies…"
- (born Emanuel Swedberg; 29 January 1688 – 29 March 1772) was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, theologian, revelator, and, in the eyes of some, Christian mystic. He termed himself a "Servant of the Lord Jesus Christ" in True Christian Religion, one of the works he published himself. He is best known for his book on the afterlife, Heaven and Hell. Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist. In 1741, at the age of 53, he entered into a spiritual phase in which he eventually began to experience dreams and visions beginning on Easter weekend April 6, 1744. This culminated in a spiritual awakening, whereupon he claimed he was appointed by the Lord to write a heavenly doctrine to reform Christianity. He claimed that the Lord had opened his spiritual eyes, so that from then on he could freely visit heaven and hell, and talk with angels, demons and other spirits. He said that the Last Judgement had already occurred, in 1757, although only visible in the spiritual world, where he had witnessed it. That Judgement was followed by the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, which occurred, not by Christ in person, but by a revelation from Him through the inner, spiritual sense of the Word to Swedenborg. In fact, Swedenborg said, it is the presence of that spiritual sense that makes the Word Divine. For the remaining 28 years of his life, he wrote and published 18 theological works, of which, as noted above, the best known was Heaven and Hell (1758), and several unpublished theological works. Some followers of Swedenborg believe that, of his theological works, only those which Swedenborg published himself are fully divinely inspired. In Earths in the Universe, Swedenborg stated that he conversed with spirits from Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Venus, the Moon, as well as spirits from planets beyond our solar system. From these encounters he concluded that the planets of our solar system are inhabited. No scientific evidence of this has been found to date. However, Swedenborg also argued that such an enormous undertaking as the universe could not have been created for just one race of people and one heaven derived from it. “What would this be to God, Who is infinite, and to whom a thousand or tens of thousands of planets, and all of them full of inhabitants, would be scarcely anything!” A recent study of the 100 billion or so stars in the Milky Way estimated that each host star averaged 1.6 planets, producing 160 billion star-bound planets in the Milky Way Galaxy alone. Swedenborg and the life on other planets question has been extensively reviewed elsewhere. Swedenborg rejected the doctrine of salvation through faith alone, since he considered both faith and charity necessary for salvation, not one without the other, whereas the Reformers taught that faith alone procured justification, although it must be a faith which resulted in obedience. The purpose of faith, according to Swedenborg, is to lead a person to a life according to the truths of faith, which is charity, as is taught in 1 Corinthians 13:13 and James 2:20. Swedenborg's theological writings have elicited a range of responses. However, he made no attempt to found a church. A few years after his death – 15 by one estimate – for the most part in England, small reading groups formed to study the truth they saw in his teachings. As one scholar has noted, Swedenborg's teachings particularly appealed to the various dissenting groups that sprang up in the first half of the 19th century who were "surfeited with revivalism and narrow-mindedness" and found his optimism and comprehensive explanations appealing. A variety of important cultural figures, both writers and artists, were influenced by Swedenborg, including Johnny Appleseed, William Blake, Jorge Luis Borges, Daniel Burnham, Arthur Conan Doyle, Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Flaxman, George Inness, Henry James Sr. , Carl Jung, Immanuel Kant, Honoré de Balzac, Helen Keller, Czesław Miłosz, August Strindberg, D. T. Suzuki, and W. B. Yeats. His philosophy had a great impact on the Duke of Södermanland, later King Carl XIII, who as the Grand Master of Swedish Freemasonry (Svenska Frimurare Orden) built its unique system of degrees and wrote its rituals. In contrast, one of the most prominent Swedish authors of Swedenborg's day, Johan Henric Kellgren, called Swedenborg "nothing but a fool". A heresy trial was initiated in Sweden in 1768 against Swedenborg's writings and two men who promoted these ideas. In the two and a half centuries since Swedenborg's death, various interpretations of his theology have been made, and he has also been scrutinized in biographies and psychological studies. Of note is that, just as Jesus Christ, with his new teachings, was considered insane by some, so Swedenborg, with his claimed new dispensation, has been considered by some to suffer from mental illness. “While the insanity explanation was not uncommon during Swedenborg's own time, it is mitigated by his activity in the Swedish Riddarhuset (The House of the Nobility), the Riksdag (the Swedish parliament), and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Additionally, the system of thought in his theological writings is considered by some to be remarkably coherent. Furthermore, he was characterized by his contemporaries as a "kind and warm-hearted man", "amiable in his meeting with the public", speaking "easily and naturally of his spiritual. experiences". ”, with pleasant and interesting conversation…. An English friend of Kant's who visited Swedenborg at Kant's behest described Swedenborg as a "reasonable, pleasant and candid man and scholar". Of note here is Swedenborg's statement that he was commanded by the Lord to publish his writings and "Do not believe that without this express command I would have thought of publishing things which I knew in advance would make me look ridiculous and many people would think lies…"
- Emanuel Swedenborg (born Emanuel Swedberg; 29 January 1688 – 29 March 1772) was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, theologian, revelator, and, in the eyes of some, Christian mystic. He termed himself a "Servant of the Lord Jesus Christ" in True Christian Religion, a work he published himself. He is best known for his book on the afterlife, Heaven and Hell (1758). Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist. In 1741, at the age of 53, he entered into a spiritual phase in which he began to experience dreams and visions, beginning on Easter weekend of April 6, 1744. This culminated in a 'spiritual awakening', in which he received revelation that he was appointed by the Lord to write a heavenly New Church Doctrine to reform Christianity. According to the New Church Doctrine the Lord had opened Swedenborg's spiritual eyes, so that from then on he could freely visit heaven and hell, and talk with angels, demons and other spirits; and that the Last Judgement had already occurred, in 1757, although this was only visible in the spiritual world, where he had witnessed it. New Church Doctrine states that The Last Judgement was followed by the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, which occurred, not by Christ in person, but by a revelation from Him through the inner, spiritual sense of the Word through Swedenborg. Swedenborg then argued that it is the presence of that spiritual sense which makes the Word Divine. For the remaining 28 years of his life, Swedenborg wrote 18 published theological works, and several more which were unpublished. Some followers of the New Church Doctrine believe that, of his theological works, only those which Swedenborg published himself are fully divinely inspired. New Church Doctrine rejected the concept of salvation through faith alone, since he considered both faith and charity necessary for salvation, not one without the other, whereas the Reformers taught that faith alone procured justification, although it must be a faith which resulted in obedience. The purpose of faith, according to New Church Doctrine, is to lead a person to a life according to the truths of faith, which is charity, as is taught in 1 Corinthians 13:13 and James 2:20. However, he made no attempt to found a church. A few years after his death – 15 by one estimate – for the most part in England, small reading groups formed to study the truth they saw in his teachings. As one scholar has noted, New Church teachings particularly appealed to the various dissenting groups that sprang up in the first half of the 18th century who were "surfeited with revivalism and narrow-mindedness" and found his optimism and comprehensive explanations appealing. In Earths in the Universe, it is stated that he conversed with spirits from Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Venus, the Moon, as well as spirits from planets beyond our solar system. From these 'encounters' he concluded that the planets of our solar system are inhabited, and that such an enormous undertaking as the universe could not have been created for just one race of people; nor one 'heaven' derived from it. He argued: “What would this be to God, Who is infinite, and to whom a thousand or tens of thousands of planets, and all of them full of inhabitants, would be scarcely anything!”. Swedenborg and the life on other planets question has been extensively reviewed elsewhere. A variety of important cultural figures, both writers and artists, were influenced by New Church Doctrine, including Johnny Appleseed, William Blake, Jorge Luis Borges, Daniel Burnham, Arthur Conan Doyle, Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Flaxman, George Inness, Henry James Sr. , Carl Jung, Immanuel Kant, Honoré de Balzac, Helen Keller, Czesław Miłosz, August Strindberg, D. T. Suzuki, and W. B. Yeats. His philosophy had a great impact on the Duke of Södermanland, later King Carl XIII, who as the Grand Master of Swedish Freemasonry (Svenska Frimurare Orden) built its unique system of degrees and wrote its rituals. In contrast, one of the most prominent Swedish authors of Swedenborg's day, Johan Henric Kellgren, called Swedenborg "nothing but a fool". A heresy trial was initiated in Sweden in 1768 against New Church writings and two men who promoted these ideas. In the two and a half centuries since Swedenborg's death, various interpretations of his theology have been made, and he has also been scrutinized in biographies and psychological studies. Of note is that, just as Jesus Christ, with his new teachings, was considered insane by some, so Swedenborg, with his claimed new dispensation, has been considered by some to suffer from mental illness. “While the insanity explanation was not uncommon during Swedenborg's own time, it is mitigated by his activity in the Swedish Riddarhuset (The House of the Nobility), the Riksdag (the Swedish parliament), and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Additionally, the system of thought in his theological writings is considered by some to be remarkably coherent. Furthermore, he was characterized by his contemporaries as a "kind and warm-hearted man", "amiable in his meeting with the public", speaking "easily and naturally of his spiritual. experiences". ”, with pleasant and interesting conversation…. An English friend of Kant's who visited Swedenborg at Kant's behest described Swedenborg as a "reasonable, pleasant and candid man and scholar". Of note here is Swedenborg's statement that he was commanded by the Lord to publish his writings and "Do not believe that without this express command I would have thought of publishing things which I knew in advance would make me look ridiculous and many people would think lies…"
- Emanuel Swedenborg (born Emanuel Swedberg; 29 January 1688 – 29 March 1772) was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, theologian, revelator, and, in the eyes of some, Christian mystic. He termed himself a "Servant of the Lord Jesus Christ" in True Christian Religion, a work he published himself. He is best known for his book on the afterlife, Heaven and Hell (1758). Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist. In 1741, at the age of 53, he entered into a spiritual phase in which he began to experience dreams and visions, beginning on Easter weekend of April 6, 1744. This culminated in a 'spiritual awakening', in which he received revelation that he was appointed by the Lord to write a heavenly New Church Doctrine to reform Christianity. According to the New Church Doctrine the Lord had opened Swedenborg's spiritual eyes, so that from then on he could freely visit heaven and hell, and talk with angels, demons and other spirits; and that the Last Judgement had already occurred, in 1757, although this was only visible in the spiritual world, where he had witnessed it. New Church Doctrine states that The Last Judgement was followed by the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, which occurred, not by Christ in person, but by a revelation from Him through the inner, spiritual sense of the Word through Swedenborg. However, he tells us that at this day it is very dangerous to talk with spirits, unless a person is in true faith, and is led by the Lord. Swedenborg argued that it is the presence of that spiritual sense which makes the Word Divine. For the remaining 28 years of his life, Swedenborg wrote 18 published theological works, and several more which were unpublished. Some followers of the New Church believe that, of his theological works, only those which Swedenborg published himself are fully divinely inspired. New Church Doctrine rejects the concept of salvation through faith alone, since he considered both faith and charity necessary for salvation, not one without the other, whereas the Reformers taught that faith alone procured justification, although it must be a faith which resulted in obedience. The purpose of faith, according to New Church Doctrine, is to lead a person to a life according to the truths of faith, which is charity, as is taught in 1 Corinthians 13:13 and James 2:20. However, he made no attempt to found a church. A few years after his death – 15 by one estimate – for the most part in England, small reading groups formed to study the truth they saw in his teachings. As one scholar has noted, New Church teachings particularly appealed to the various dissenting groups that sprang up in the first half of the 18th century who were "surfeited with revivalism and narrow-mindedness" and found his optimism and comprehensive explanations appealing. In Earths in the Universe, it is stated that he conversed with spirits from Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Venus, the Moon, as well as spirits from planets beyond our solar system. From these 'encounters' he concluded that the planets of our solar system are inhabited, and that such an enormous undertaking as the universe could not have been created for just one race of people; nor one 'heaven' derived from it. He argued: “What would this be to God, Who is infinite, and to whom a thousand or tens of thousands of planets, and all of them full of inhabitants, would be scarcely anything!”. Swedenborg and the life on other planets question has been extensively reviewed elsewhere. A variety of important cultural figures, both writers and artists, were influenced by New Church Doctrine, including Johnny Appleseed, William Blake, Jorge Luis Borges, Daniel Burnham, Arthur Conan Doyle, Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Flaxman, George Inness, Henry James Sr. , Carl Jung, Immanuel Kant, Honoré de Balzac, Helen Keller, Czesław Miłosz, August Strindberg, D. T. Suzuki, and W. B. Yeats. His philosophy had a great impact on the Duke of Södermanland, later King Carl XIII, who as the Grand Master of Swedish Freemasonry (Svenska Frimurare Orden) built its unique system of degrees and wrote its rituals. In contrast, one of the most prominent Swedish authors of Swedenborg's day, Johan Henric Kellgren, called Swedenborg "nothing but a fool". A heresy trial was initiated in Sweden in 1768 against New Church writings and two men who promoted these ideas. In the two and a half centuries since Swedenborg's death, various interpretations of his theology have been made, and he has also been scrutinized in biographies and psychological studies. Of note is that, just as Jesus Christ, with his new teachings, was considered insane by some, so Swedenborg, with his claimed new dispensation, has been considered by some to suffer from mental illness. “While the insanity explanation was not uncommon during Swedenborg's own time, it is mitigated by his activity in the Swedish Riddarhuset (The House of the Nobility), the Riksdag (the Swedish parliament), and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Additionally, the system of thought in his theological writings is considered by some to be remarkably coherent. Furthermore, he was characterized by his contemporaries as a "kind and warm-hearted man", "amiable in his meeting with the public", speaking "easily and naturally of his spiritual. experiences". ”, with pleasant and interesting conversation…. An English friend of Kant's who visited Swedenborg at Kant's behest described Swedenborg as a "reasonable, pleasant and candid man and scholar". Of note here is Swedenborg's statement that he was commanded by the Lord to publish his writings and "Do not believe that without this express command I would have thought of publishing things which I knew in advance would make me look ridiculous and many people would think lies…"
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