The eight-hour day movement or 40-hour week movement, also known as the short-time movement, had its origins in the Industrial Revolution in Britain, where industrial production in large factories transformed working life and imposed long hours and poor working conditions. With working conditions unregulated, the health, welfare and morale of working people suffered. The use of child labour was common. The working day could range from 10 to 16 hours for six days a week.

PropertyValue
dbpprop:abstract
  • The eight-hour day movement or 40-hour week movement, also known as the short-time movement, had its origins in the Industrial Revolution in Britain, where industrial production in large factories transformed working life and imposed long hours and poor working conditions. With working conditions unregulated, the health, welfare and morale of working people suffered. The use of child labour was common. The working day could range from 10 to 16 hours for six days a week. Robert Owen had raised the demand for a ten-hour day in 1810, and instituted it in his socialist enterprise at New Lanark. By 1817 he had formulated the goal of the eight-hour day and coined the slogan Eight hours labour, Eight hours recreation, Eight hours rest. Women and children in England were granted the ten-hour day in 1847. French workers won the 12-hour day after the February revolution of 1848. A shorter working day and improved working conditions were part of the general protests and agitation for Chartist reforms and the early organization of trade unions. The International Workingmen's Association took up the demand for an eight-hour day at its convention in Geneva in August 1866, declaring The legal limitation of the working day is a preliminary condition without which all further attempts at improvements and emancipation of the working class must prove abortive, and The Congress proposes eight hours as the legal limit of the working day. Although there were initial successes in achieving an eight-hour day in New Zealand and by the Australian labour movement for skilled workers in the 1840s and 1850s, most employed people had to wait to the early and mid twentieth century for the condition to be widely achieved through the industrialized world through legislative action. The eight-hour day movement forms part of the early history for the celebration of Labour Day, and May Day in many nations and cultures.
  • Der Achtstundentag war eine der ältesten Forderungen der Arbeiterbewegung und erstmals von Robert Owen (1771-1858), dem walisischen Unternehmer und Sozialreformer, zwischen 1830 und 1834 in Großbritannien als Forderung formuliert worden. Owen prägte den Slogan: "Acht Stunden arbeiten, acht Stunden schlafen und acht Stunden Freizeit und Erholung". Mit dem Achtstundentag wurde ein Werktag bezeichnet, an dem die reine Arbeitszeit, also ohne Hinzurechnung von Pausen, maximal acht Stunden betrug.
  • La journée de 8 heures, ou revendication à travailler au maximum 8 heures par jour, est une revendication historique du mouvement ouvrier dans tous les pays. Robert Owen réclame une journée de 10 heures dès 1810, qu'il impose dans sa colonie de New Lanark. En 1817, Owen invente le slogan : « 8 heures de travail, 8 heures de loisir, 8 heures de repos ». En Angleterre, les femmes et les enfants obtiennent la journée de 10 heures en 1847, tandis que les travailleurs français imposent la journée de 12 heures lors de révolution de février 1848. La journée de 8 heures est une revendication historique de la Première Internationale, créée en 1864 à Londres, qui l'inscrit à son programme dès 1866. Celle-ci est aussi à l'origine de la Fête des travailleurs le 1 mai, qui commence en Australie dès 1856.
  • 8-timers arbeidsdag eller 40-timers uke er historisk sett den mest kjente normalarbeidsdag. Ettersom normalarbejdsdagen er generelt gjeldende innenfor et gitt land eller en bransje, hindrer den at arbeiderne spilles ut mot hverandre eller tilbyr å arbeide lenger for å bevare sin jobb. Prinsippet om normalarbeidsdagen innebærer dessuten, at en arbeider ikke behøver å arbeide ut over det normale for å brødfø seg selv og sin familie. Kampen for åttetimersdagen startet under den industrielle revolusjon i Storbritannia, hvor industriproduksjon i fabrikker foregikk under dårlige arbeidsforhold med lange arbeidsdager. Arbeiderne led under dårlig helse, velferd og moral, og barnearbeid var vanlig. Arbeidsdagen kunne vare fra ti til opptil 16 timer og seks dagers uke.
  • Åttatimmardagen innebar att Sverige införde åtta timmars arbetsdag, men man arbetade på lördagar fram till 1971. Beslutet togs den 4 augusti 1919 av en urtima riksdag. Jordbruket berördes inte av beslutet.
dbpprop:hasPhotoCollection
dbpprop:reference
rdf:type
rdfs:comment
  • The eight-hour day movement or 40-hour week movement, also known as the short-time movement, had its origins in the Industrial Revolution in Britain, where industrial production in large factories transformed working life and imposed long hours and poor working conditions. With working conditions unregulated, the health, welfare and morale of working people suffered. The use of child labour was common. The working day could range from 10 to 16 hours for six days a week.
  • Der Achtstundentag war eine der ältesten Forderungen der Arbeiterbewegung und erstmals von Robert Owen (1771-1858), dem walisischen Unternehmer und Sozialreformer, zwischen 1830 und 1834 in Großbritannien als Forderung formuliert worden. Owen prägte den Slogan: "Acht Stunden arbeiten, acht Stunden schlafen und acht Stunden Freizeit und Erholung". Mit dem Achtstundentag wurde ein Werktag bezeichnet, an dem die reine Arbeitszeit, also ohne Hinzurechnung von Pausen, maximal acht Stunden betrug.
  • La journée de 8 heures, ou revendication à travailler au maximum 8 heures par jour, est une revendication historique du mouvement ouvrier dans tous les pays. Robert Owen réclame une journée de 10 heures dès 1810, qu'il impose dans sa colonie de New Lanark. En 1817, Owen invente le slogan : « 8 heures de travail, 8 heures de loisir, 8 heures de repos ».
  • 8-timers arbeidsdag eller 40-timers uke er historisk sett den mest kjente normalarbeidsdag. Ettersom normalarbejdsdagen er generelt gjeldende innenfor et gitt land eller en bransje, hindrer den at arbeiderne spilles ut mot hverandre eller tilbyr å arbeide lenger for å bevare sin jobb. Prinsippet om normalarbeidsdagen innebærer dessuten, at en arbeider ikke behøver å arbeide ut over det normale for å brødfø seg selv og sin familie.
  • Åttatimmardagen innebar att Sverige införde åtta timmars arbetsdag, men man arbetade på lördagar fram till 1971. Beslutet togs den 4 augusti 1919 av en urtima riksdag. Jordbruket berördes inte av beslutet.
rdfs:label
  • Eight-hour day
  • Achtstundentag
  • Loi des huit heures
  • 8-timers arbeidsdag
  • Åttatimmarsdagen
owl:sameAs
skos:subject
foaf:page
is dbpprop:redirect of
is owl:sameAs of