Edward Fredkin (born 1934) is an early pioneer of digital physics. In recent work, he uses the term digital philosophy (DP). His primary contributions include his work on reversible computing and cellular automata. While Konrad Zuse's book, Calculating Space (1969), mentioned the importance of reversible computation, the Fredkin gate represented the essential breakthrough. Edward Fredkin dropped out of Caltech after one year and, at age 19, joined the USAF where he became a jet fighter pilot.

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  • Edward Fredkin (born 1934) is an early pioneer of digital physics. In recent work, he uses the term digital philosophy (DP). His primary contributions include his work on reversible computing and cellular automata. While Konrad Zuse's book, Calculating Space (1969), mentioned the importance of reversible computation, the Fredkin gate represented the essential breakthrough. Edward Fredkin dropped out of Caltech after one year and, at age 19, joined the USAF where he became a jet fighter pilot. Fredkin’s computer career started in 1956 when the Air Force assigned him to work at MIT Lincoln Laboratory. He worked at BBN in the early 1960s where he wrote the first PDP-1 assembler. In 1968, Fredkin returned to academia, starting at MIT as a full professor. From 1971 to 1974 he was the Director of Project MAC. He spent a year at Caltech as a Fairchild Distinguished Scholar, working with Richard Feynman, and was a Professor of Physics at Boston University for 6 years. More recently, he has been a Distinguished Career Professor at Carnegie Mellon University and a Visiting Professor at MIT. Fredkin founded Information International Inc. and has served as the CEO of a diverse set of companies, including Information International, Three Rivers Computer Corporation, and New England Television Corporation (owner of Boston's then CBS affiliate, WNEV, channel 7). Fredkin has been broadly interested in computation: hardware and software. He is the inventor of the trie data structure, the Fredkin gate and the Billiard-Ball Computer Model for reversible computing. He has also been involved in computer vision, chess, and other areas of Artificial Intelligence research. Fredkin also works at the intersection of theoretical issues in the physics of computation and computational models of physics. He recently developed Salt, a model of computation based on fundamental conservation laws from physics. A profile of Edward Fredkin along with a readable explanation of some of his theories can be found in the first part of Three Scientists and Their Gods by Robert Wright (1988). The section of the book covering Fredkin was excerpted in The Atlantic Monthly in April 1988.
  • Edward Fredkin ist ein früher Pionier der Digitalen Physik (in letzter Zeit verwendete er den Begriff Digitale Philosophie). Die Hauptbeiträge seiner Arbeit sind im Bereich Reversible Computing und Zellulärer Automat. Während Konrad Zuses Buch Rechnender Raum (1969) die Wichtigkeit von Reversible Computation hervorhob, brachte das Fredkin Gate den entscheidenden Durchbruch auf dem Gebiet. Edward Fredkin brach den Besuch des von California Institute of Technology nach einem Jahr ab und trat mit 19 der US-Luftwaffe bei, um Kampfjetpilot zu werden. Seine Computerkarriere startete 1956, als die Air Force ihm eine Arbeit am MIT Lincoln Laboratorium zuwies. Er arbeitete bei Bolt, Beranek and Newman in den frühen Sechzigern, wo er den PDP-1 Assembler schrieb. 1968 setzt er seine akademische Laufbahn als Professor am MIT fort. Von 1971 bis 1974 war er Leiter von Project MAC. Er arbeite ein Jahr am California Institute of Technology gemeinsam mit Richard Feynman und war sechs Jahre lang Professor für Physik an der Boston University. Er hat eine Professur an der Carnegie-Mellon-Universität und eine Gastprofessur am MIT. Fredkin gründete Information International Inc. und war Geschäftsführer von verschiedenen Firmen, unter anderem auch für Information International, Three Rivers Computer Corporation, New England Television Corporation. Fredkin beschäftigt sich sowohl mit Hardware als auch mit Software. Er ist der Erfinder des Tries, einer Datenstruktur zur Suche nach Zeichenketten. Weitere Erfindungen von ihm sind das Fredkin Gate und das Billard Ball Model für Reversible Computing. Er forschte auch im Bereich Computervision, Schach und anderen Teilbereichen der Künstlichen Intelligenz. Daneben beschäftigte er sich mit theoretischen Fragen der Physik und Computermodellen der Physik. Dabei entwickelte er „Salt“, ein Berechnungsmodell basierend auf den fundamentalen Konservierungsgesetzen der Physik.
  • È un pioniere della fisica digitale (in recenti opere usa il termine filosofia digitale). I suoi principali contributi sono nella computazione reversibile e negli automi cellulari. La sua invenzione più importante fu la porta di Fredkin. Fredkin lascia il California Institute of Technology dopo un anno e si unisce all'USAF e diventa pilota di jet. La sua carriera in ambito informatico parte nel 1956 quando l'Air Force gli affida un lavoro al MIT Lincoln Laboratory. Nei primi anni '60 lavora alla BBN Technologies dove scrive l'assemblatore PDP-1. Nel 1968 ritorna all'accademia, iniziando come professore al MIT. Dal 1971 al 1974 fu direttore del progetto MAC. Al California Institute of Technology trascorre un anno lavorando con Richard Feynman, e diventa professore di fisica alla Boston University per 6 anni. Fredkin fondò la Information International Inc.. In campo informatico fu inventore della struttura dati Trie e del modello palla da biliardo per la computazione reversibile. Fu coinvolto in varie aree di ricerca dell'Intelligenza artificiale. Di recente ha sviluppato Slat, un modello di computazione basato sulle leggi di conservazione fondamentali della fisica.
  • エドワード・フレドキン（英: Edward Fredkin、1934年 - ）は、デジタル物理学（最近ではデジタル哲学と称している）の先駆者の1人。可逆コンピューティングとセル・オートマトンでの業績が知られている。コンラート・ツーゼが著書 Calculating Space（1969年）で可逆計算の重要性を示唆したが、フレドキンゲートはその実装の基盤となった。
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  • Fredkin, Ed
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  • 1934 (xsd:integer)
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  • Fighter pilot, physicist, businessman
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  • Edward Fredkin (born 1934) is an early pioneer of digital physics. In recent work, he uses the term digital philosophy (DP). His primary contributions include his work on reversible computing and cellular automata. While Konrad Zuse's book, Calculating Space (1969), mentioned the importance of reversible computation, the Fredkin gate represented the essential breakthrough. Edward Fredkin dropped out of Caltech after one year and, at age 19, joined the USAF where he became a jet fighter pilot.
  • Edward Fredkin ist ein früher Pionier der Digitalen Physik (in letzter Zeit verwendete er den Begriff Digitale Philosophie). Die Hauptbeiträge seiner Arbeit sind im Bereich Reversible Computing und Zellulärer Automat. Während Konrad Zuses Buch Rechnender Raum (1969) die Wichtigkeit von Reversible Computation hervorhob, brachte das Fredkin Gate den entscheidenden Durchbruch auf dem Gebiet.
  • È un pioniere della fisica digitale (in recenti opere usa il termine filosofia digitale). I suoi principali contributi sono nella computazione reversibile e negli automi cellulari. La sua invenzione più importante fu la porta di Fredkin. Fredkin lascia il California Institute of Technology dopo un anno e si unisce all'USAF e diventa pilota di jet. La sua carriera in ambito informatico parte nel 1956 quando l'Air Force gli affida un lavoro al MIT Lincoln Laboratory.
  • エドワード・フレドキン（英: Edward Fredkin、1934年 - ）は、デジタル物理学（最近ではデジタル哲学と称している）の先駆者の1人。可逆コンピューティングとセル・オートマトンでの業績が知られている。コンラート・ツーゼが著書 Calculating Space（1969年）で可逆計算の重要性を示唆したが、フレドキンゲートはその実装の基盤となった。
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