Earmark is a term that dates to the 16th century in England, referring to cuts or marks in the ears of cattle, deer, pigs, goats, camels and sheep made to show ownership, age and/or gender. The practice of earmarking may date before that, especially in areas where people grazed livestock among the village herd on common fields. Earmarks are typically registered when a stock owner registers a livestock brand for their use.

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  • Earmark is a term that dates to the 16th century in England, referring to cuts or marks in the ears of cattle, deer, pigs, goats, camels and sheep made to show ownership, age and/or gender. The practice of earmarking may date before that, especially in areas where people grazed livestock among the village herd on common fields. Earmarks are typically registered when a stock owner registers a livestock brand for their use. There many rules and regulations concerning the use of earmarks between states and countries. Tasmanian sheep and cattle must be earmarked before they become six months old. Generally the owner’s earmark is placed in a designated ear of a camel or sheep to indicate its gender. Typically if a registered earmark is used, it must be applied to the right ear for ewes and the left ear for female camels. The other ear of a sheep then may be used to show the year of its birth. Cattle earmarks are often a variety of knife cuts in the ear as an aid to identification, but it does not necessarily constitute proof of ownership. Since the 1950s it has been more common to use ear tags to identify livestock because coloured tags are capable of conveying more information than earmarks. Such ear tags were popularised by New Zealand dairy farmers in the earliest successful use of them. Because of the ubiquity of earmarking, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, it became common parlance to call any identifying mark an earmark. In early times many politicians were country or farming folk and were adept at using such words in different ways and in creating new concepts. Today it is common to refer to an institution's ability to designate funds for a specific use or owner as an earmark. Also, earmark has different meanings in the fields of public finance and politics.
  • Femerke (dyremerke) er en betegnelse på et merke eller kjennetegn på husdyr for å se hvem eieren er, og/eller for å identifisere dyret senere, bl.a. i matproduksjon. Femerker kan være et skåret snitt i øret (øremerker), så som på reinsdyr, et brennemerke som på kveg, eller mange andre former for varig merking. Idag finnes det spesielle plastbrikker o.l. som festes på dyr, særlig i ørene. Femerker kjennes fra tusener av år tilbake og i de fleste kulturer. Merkenes form kan variere svært mye: fra det helt enkle til kunstferdige og innviklede former. Formen kan være som bokstaver og tall, eller de kan ligne på tømmermerker, bumerker, heraldiske flatefigurer og andre stiliseringer. Det er skrevet litt i heraldisk litteratur om femerker (bl.a. reinmerker), men vi mangler fortsatt i Skandinavia mer inngående, trykte undersøkelser av merkene og sammenligninger med andre merketyper. Både idag og gjennom historien finnes det et omfattende regelverk for femerking. I Norge har vi bl.a. regler fastsatt av Mattilsynet om husdyrmerking. Noen regler sier hvordan merkene skal se ut, andre regler gjelder registrering av merker, førsterett til merker, overdragelser, arv m.v. Det eksisterer flere registre for husdyr, basert på merking, bl.a. katteregisteret som er ordnet etter merking med farge i øret til katter. All rein i det samiske reinbeiteområdet skal være merket ved snitt i øret med eierens registrerte merke. De registrerte reinmerkene i Norge finnes i et merkeregister.
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  • Earmark is a term that dates to the 16th century in England, referring to cuts or marks in the ears of cattle, deer, pigs, goats, camels and sheep made to show ownership, age and/or gender. The practice of earmarking may date before that, especially in areas where people grazed livestock among the village herd on common fields. Earmarks are typically registered when a stock owner registers a livestock brand for their use.
  • Femerke (dyremerke) er en betegnelse på et merke eller kjennetegn på husdyr for å se hvem eieren er, og/eller for å identifisere dyret senere, bl.a. i matproduksjon. Femerker kan være et skåret snitt i øret (øremerker), så som på reinsdyr, et brennemerke som på kveg, eller mange andre former for varig merking. Idag finnes det spesielle plastbrikker o.l. som festes på dyr, særlig i ørene. Femerker kjennes fra tusener av år tilbake og i de fleste kulturer.
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  • Earmark (agriculture)
  • Femerke
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