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- Nepal's diverse linguistic heritage evolved from four major language groups: Indo-Aryan, Tibeto-Burman, Mongolian and various indigenous language isolates. According to the 2001 national census, 92 different living languages are spoken in Nepal (a 93rd category was "unidentified"). The major languages of Nepal (percent spoken as mother tongue) are Nepali (57%)(2007 est. ), Maithili (10%), Bhojpuri (7%), Tharu (4%), Tamang (5%), Newari/Nepal Bhasa (3%), Magar (2%), Awadhi (2%), Rai (2.79%), Limbu (1%), and Bajjika (1%). The remaining 81 languages are each spoken as mother tongue by less than one percent of the population. Derived from Sanskrit, Nepali is considered the language closest to Sanskrit and is written in Devanagari script. Nepali was the language of the country's unifiers in the late 1700's and became the official, national language that serves as the lingua franca among Nepalese of different ethnolinguistic groups. Hindi -- along with regional dialects Awadhi, Bhojpuri and Maithili -- is spoken in the southern Terai Region. Hindi is also widely understood by Nepalese who have worked, studied or traveled in India. Many Nepali in government and business speak English as well. Other languages, particularly in the Inner Terai, hill and mountain regions are remnants of the country's pre-unification history of dozens of political entities isolated by mountains and gorges. These languages typically are limited to an area spanning about one day's walk. Beyond that distance dialects and languages lose mutual intelligibility.
- Población de Nepal: 26.469.569 personas (julio 2003)
- ネパールの民族とカーストの一覧（2001年国勢調査） なお、ネパールの最大民族パルバテ・ヒンドゥーは「チェトリ」「バフン」「カミ」などのカースト別に集計されている。 ネパールのカーストと民族 民族とカースト（2001年）*印はカースト 人口 ％順位 チェトリ*3,593,49615.801 バフン*2,896,47712.74 2 マガール1,622,4217.143 タルー1,533,8796.754 タマン1,282,3045.645 ネワール1,245,2325.486 イスラム教徒971,0564.277 カミ*895,9543.948 ヤーダブ*895,4233.949 ライ635,1512.7910 グルン543,5712.3911 ダマイ/ドリ*390,3051.7212 リンブー359,3791.5813 タクリ334,1201.4714 サルキ*318,9891.4015 テリ304,5361.3416 チャマール*269,6611.1917 コイリ251,2741.1118 クルミ212,8420.9419 サニヤシ199,1270.8820 ダヌク188,1500.8321 ムサハール172,4340.7622 ドゥサド/パスワン/パシ158,5250.7023 シェルパ154,6220.6824 ソナー*145,0880.6425 ケワット136,9530.6026 テライ・バラモン*134,4960.5927 バニヤ126,9710.5628 ガルティ/ブジェル117,5680.5229 マラー115,9860.5130 カルワー115,6060.5131 クマル99,3890.4432 ハジャム/タクール98,1690.4333 カヌ95,8260.4234 ラジバンシ95,8120.4235 スヌワル95,2540.4236 スディ89,8460.4037 ロハル82,6370.3638 タトマ76,5120.3439 カトウェ74,9720.3340 ドビ73,4130.3241 マジ72,6140.3242 ヌニア66,8730.2943 クマール54,4130.2444 ダヌワール53,2290.2345 チェパン52,2370.2346 ハルワイ50,5830.2247 ラジプト48,4540.2148 カヤスタ46,0710.2049 ブダエ45,9750.2050 マルワディ43,9710.1951 サンタル/サタール42,6980.1952 ダガール/ジャガール41,7640.1853 バンタール35,8390.1654 バラエ35,4340.1655 カハル34,5310.1556 ガンガイ31,3180.1457 ロダ24,7380.1158 ラージバル24,2630.1159 タミ22,9990.1060 ディマル19,5370.0961 ボテ19,2610.0862 ビング/ビンダ18,7200.0863 バエディヤ/ガデリ17,7290.0864 ヌラン17,5220.0865 ヤッカ17,0030.0766 ダライ14,8590.0767 タジプリヤ13,2500.0668 タカリ12,9730.0669 チディマール12,2960.0570 パハリ11,5050.0571 マリ*11,3900.0572 ベンガリ9,8600.0473 チャンテル9,8140.0474 ドム*8,9310.0475 カマル8,7610.0476 ボテ7,9690.0477 ブラーム/バラム7,3830.0378 ガイネ/ガンダルバ*5,8870.0379 ジレル5,3160.0280 アディヴァシ/ジャナジャティ5,2590.0281 ドゥガ5,1690.0282 チュラウテ4,8930.0283 バディ*4,4420.0284 メチェ3,7630.0285 レプチャ3,6600.0286 ハルコール3,6210.0287 パンジャブ/シク教徒3,0540.0188 キサン2,8760.0189 ラジ2,3990.0190 ビヤンシ2,1030.0191 ハユ1,8210.0192 コチェ1,4290.0193 ドゥニア1,2310.0194 ワルン1,1480.0195 ジャイネ1,0150.0096 ムンダ6600.0097 ラウテ6580.0098 イェールモ5790.0099 パタルカタ/クスワディア5520.00100 クスンダ1640.00101 不可触民/不明173,4010.76 カースト･民族不明231,6411.02 合計22,736,934100.00
- Nepals befolkning var ifølge anslag fra Nepals myndigheter 26 420 000 på verdens befolkningsdag, 11. juli 2006.
- Os nepaleses são descendentes de três grandes migrações da Índia, Tibete, norte da Birmânia e Yunnan, através de Assam. Entre os primeiros habitantes foram os Kirat na região leste, Newar do Vale de Katmandu e aborígenes Tharu na região sul do Terai. Os ancestrais das castas de Brahman e Chetri da Índia vieram de grupos presentes em Kumaon, Garhwal e Caxemira, enquanto que outros grupos étnicos tem as suas origens no norte da Birmânia, Yunnan e Tibete, por exemplo, o Gurung Magar, e no oeste, Rai e Limbu no leste, e Sherpa Bhotia no norte do país. No Terai, numa parte da Bacia do Ganges, 20% da área total do país, a população é fisicamente e culturalmente semelhante à do Indo-arianos do norte da Índia. Indo-Arianos e da Ásia Oriental misturaram-se com pessoas que vivem na região da colina. As altas montanhas são escassamente povoadas. O Vale de Katmandu, no meio da região da colina, constitui uma pequena fração da área da nação, mas é a mais densamente povoada, com quase 5% da população. Apesar da migração de uma parte significativa da população para as planícies do sul ou para o Terai nos últimos anos, a maioria da população ainda vive no Planalto Central. As montanhas do norte são pouco povoadas. Katmandu, com uma população de cerca de 800.000 habitantes, é a maior cidade do país. A maior religião é o Hinduísmo, com mais de 80% da população a seguir esta religião. O Nepal é um multilingue, multirreligioso e a sociedade é multiétnica.
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