The Danzig Research Society was founded in 1743 in the city of Danzig (Gdańsk). The Societas Physicae Experimentalis (Experimental Physics Society), later renamed to Naturforschende Gesellschaft (Nature-research-conducting Society), is thus considered as one of the oldest research societies in Central and Eastern Europe. Already in 1670, the physician Israel Conradi (1634–1715) had tried to organize a scientific society in Danzig, without success yet.

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  • The Danzig Research Society was founded in 1743 in the city of Danzig (Gdańsk). The Societas Physicae Experimentalis (Experimental Physics Society), later renamed to Naturforschende Gesellschaft (Nature-research-conducting Society), is thus considered as one of the oldest research societies in Central and Eastern Europe. Already in 1670, the physician Israel Conradi (1634–1715) had tried to organize a scientific society in Danzig, without success yet. Several others tried after him, until the Privatdozent Daniel Gralath (1708–1767) finally succeeded. His father-in-law was Jacob Theodor Klein (1685–1759), a city secretary and also a very distinguished scientist, nicknamed Gedanensium Plinius. At the end of 1742, Gralath had gathered a group of learned men for his purpose, an Experimental Physics Society (Societas Physicae Experimentalis), one of the oldest research societies in German-speaking parts of Europe. The first organizing meeting took place on 7 November 1742, the first scientific meeting was called on 2 January 1743. The aim of the Society was to practice and popularize science, among others through weekly public demonstrations of the most interesting experiments in physics. Often the effects of electricity were studied, with the help of the Leyden jar. Since 1746 these took place in the Great Hall of the Green Gate building. Gralath also became Ratsherr (councilman) and, in 1763, Bürgermeister (mayor) of Danzig. Known members were Nathanael Matthaeus von Wolf, Michael Christoph Hanow, Gottfried Lengnich, Johann Jacob Mascov, who wrote Geschichte der Teutschen, also Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit and the prince-bishop Adam Stanisław Grabowski of the noble Götzendorff-Grabowski family. The sessions of the Society were also attended by many famous persons of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth like Great Lithuanian Hetman Michał Kazimierz "Rybeńko" Radziwiłł, August Fryderyk Moszyński, Joachim Chreptowicz. In 1840 Alexander von Humboldt accompanied Prussian King Frederick William IV on the way to Königsberg, and Humboldt received an honorary membership in the Society. Later, the society offered Humboldt stipends. The collections of the Society were displayed in the West-Prussian Provincial Museum located at the Green Gate. In 1845 the society was located in a Renaissance-era building at the Mottlau, an arm of the Vistula River. After 200 years of existence, the society ceased to exist when the German citizens of the Free City of Danzig had to leave. Also, its building and many priceless valuables were destroyed during the Soviet offensive in 1945, two years after the 200th anniversary. The building at the Motława river was rebuilt after the war. It houses an Archaeological Museum today.
  • Die Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Danzig (lat. Societas Physicae Experimentalis, poln. Gdańskie Towarzystwo Przyrodnicze) wurde 1743 in Danzig vom Privatgelehrten Daniel Gralath und dessen Schwiegervater, dem Stadtschreiber Jacob Theodor Klein, genannt Gedanensium Plinius, gegründet. Experimente, etwa mit der Leidener Flasche, wurden zunächst in der Halle des Grünen Tors durchgeführt. Ab 1845 residierte man am Mottlau-Ufer direkt neben dem Frauentor. 1840 wurde Alexander von Humboldt Ehrenmitglied. Weitere bekannte Mitglieder sind Nathanael von Wolf, Michael Christoph Hanow, Gottfried Lengnich, Johann Jacob Mascov mit seiner „Geschichte der Teutschen“ und Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit. 1869 stiftete die Gesellschaft zu dessen 100. Geburtstag ein Humboldt-Stipendium zur Unterstützung naturwissenschaftlicher Arbeiten. Die Gesellschaft unterstützte die Gründung der Technischen Hochschule Danzig im Jahre 1904, und stiftete ihr später auch ihre kostbare Bibliothek. Die umfangreichen naturkundlichen Sammlungen waren dem 1879 begründeten Westpreußischen Provinzial-Museum übergeben worden, kehrten dann aber ins Grüne Tor zurück. 1922 wurde der erste Bischof von Danzig Eduard O’Rourke ein Mitglied der Danziger Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. Das Haus wurde kurz nach dem 200. Gründungsjubiläum im Jahre 1945 zerstört. Wieder aufgebaut beherbergt es das Danziger Archäologische Museum.
  • Towarzystwo Przyrodnicze w Gdańsku, jedno z najstarszych towarzystw naukowych na ziemiach Polskich, założone w Gdańsku 7 listopada 1742, działające do 1945. Do Towarzystwa należał m. in. znany bibliofil, patrycjusz gdański Jan Uphagen.
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  • The Danzig Research Society was founded in 1743 in the city of Danzig (Gdańsk). The Societas Physicae Experimentalis (Experimental Physics Society), later renamed to Naturforschende Gesellschaft (Nature-research-conducting Society), is thus considered as one of the oldest research societies in Central and Eastern Europe. Already in 1670, the physician Israel Conradi (1634–1715) had tried to organize a scientific society in Danzig, without success yet.
  • Die Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Danzig (lat. Societas Physicae Experimentalis, poln. Gdańskie Towarzystwo Przyrodnicze) wurde 1743 in Danzig vom Privatgelehrten Daniel Gralath und dessen Schwiegervater, dem Stadtschreiber Jacob Theodor Klein, genannt Gedanensium Plinius, gegründet. Experimente, etwa mit der Leidener Flasche, wurden zunächst in der Halle des Grünen Tors durchgeführt. Ab 1845 residierte man am Mottlau-Ufer direkt neben dem Frauentor.
  • Towarzystwo Przyrodnicze w Gdańsku, jedno z najstarszych towarzystw naukowych na ziemiach Polskich, założone w Gdańsku 7 listopada 1742, działające do 1945. Do Towarzystwa należał m. in. znany bibliofil, patrycjusz gdański Jan Uphagen.
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  • Danzig Research Society
  • Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Danzig
  • Towarzystwo Przyrodnicze w Gdańsku
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