Cryptanalysis of the Enigma enabled the Allies in World War II to read substantial amounts of secret Morse-coded radio communications of the Axis powers enciphered using Enigma machines. This Allied reading yielded military intelligence which, along with that from other decrypted German radio transmissions, was given the name Ultra.

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  • Cryptanalysis of the Enigma enabled the Allies in World War II to read substantial amounts of secret Morse-coded radio communications of the Axis powers enciphered using Enigma machines. This Allied reading yielded military intelligence which, along with that from other decrypted German radio transmissions, was given the name Ultra. Enigma cryptanalysis contributed greatly to the success of Allied war efforts—in the Battle of Matapan in March 1941; in reversing the early disastrous course of the Battle of the Atlantic, beginning in the latter part of 1941; in frustrating Rommel's efforts to capture Cairo in 1942; in the invasion of Sicily (1943) and mainland Italy (1943–44); in the planning and execution of Operation Overlord (the Allied invasion of France, 1944); and in the subsequent drive to and through Germany. Evidence suggests that Soviet strategy and tactics against Nazi Germany likewise benefited from Ultra intelligence, conveyed to the Soviets by a variety of conduits. The Enigma machines were a family of portable cipher machines with rotor-based scramblers. Various German armed and secret services and civilian agencies used Enigma in somewhat different ways, and at various times made changes to their procedures for operating Enigma. The greatest differences in operating procedures were between those of the German Navy and those of other services and agencies. The German plugboard-equipped Enigma that would be the Third Reich's principal crypto-system was reconstructed, with the aid of French-supplied intelligence material, by the Polish General Staff's Cipher Bureau in December 1932, on the eve of Adolf Hitler's rise to power in Germany in January 1933. From then until the outbreak of World War II, the Poles held a monopoly of decryption of this Enigma model. As war drew near, at a Warsaw conference on 25 July 1939 the Polish Cipher Bureau initiated the French and British into its Enigma-breaking techniques and technology, thus greatly broadening the Allied (Polish, French, and particularly British and American) foundations for wartime decryption of German Enigma-enciphered communications.
  • La cryptanalyse d'Enigma, c'est-à-dire le décryptage des messages transmis et codés par Enigma, fut fondamentale au succès des Alliés pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Le mathématicien polonais Marian Rejewski a élaboré la première cryptanalyse, ceci avant le début de la guerre. Elle profitait d'une certaine redondance au début des messages : un code choisi par l'opérateur de la machine était doublé et chiffré pour être ensuite utilisé comme en-tête. Durant la guerre, les Britanniques améliorent la cryptanalyse de la machine grâce au travail d'Alan Turing et les nombreux collaborateurs de Bletchley Park.
  • Łamanie szyfru Enigmy – ciąg działań mających na celu łamanie szyfrów Enigmy. Artykuł ten operuje specyficzną terminologią oraz nie wyjaśnia mechanizmu działania maszyny szyfrującej, dlatego zaleca się wcześniejsze zapoznanie z hasłem o samej Enigmie. Fakt odczytywania szyfrów Enigmy był utajniony do lat 70. XX wieku.
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  • Cryptanalysis of the Enigma enabled the Allies in World War II to read substantial amounts of secret Morse-coded radio communications of the Axis powers enciphered using Enigma machines. This Allied reading yielded military intelligence which, along with that from other decrypted German radio transmissions, was given the name Ultra.
  • La cryptanalyse d'Enigma, c'est-à-dire le décryptage des messages transmis et codés par Enigma, fut fondamentale au succès des Alliés pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Le mathématicien polonais Marian Rejewski a élaboré la première cryptanalyse, ceci avant le début de la guerre. Elle profitait d'une certaine redondance au début des messages : un code choisi par l'opérateur de la machine était doublé et chiffré pour être ensuite utilisé comme en-tête.
  • Łamanie szyfru Enigmy – ciąg działań mających na celu łamanie szyfrów Enigmy. Artykuł ten operuje specyficzną terminologią oraz nie wyjaśnia mechanizmu działania maszyny szyfrującej, dlatego zaleca się wcześniejsze zapoznanie z hasłem o samej Enigmie. Fakt odczytywania szyfrów Enigmy był utajniony do lat 70. XX wieku.
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  • Cryptanalysis of the Enigma
  • Cryptanalyse d'Enigma
  • Łamanie szyfru Enigmy
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