A civil township is a widely used unit of local government in the United States, subordinate to, and geographic divisions of, a county. Specific responsibilities and the degree of vary based on each state. Civil townships are distinct from survey townships, but in states that have both, the boundaries often coincide. The U.S. Census Bureau classifies civil townships as minor civil divisions.

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  • A civil township is a widely used unit of local government in the United States, subordinate to, and geographic divisions of, a county. Specific responsibilities and the degree of vary based on each state. Civil townships are distinct from survey townships, but in states that have both, the boundaries often coincide. The U.S. Census Bureau classifies civil townships as minor civil divisions. Township functions are generally attended to by a governing board (the name varies from state to state) and a clerk or trustee. Township officers frequently include justice of the peace, road commissioner, assessor, constable, and surveyor. In the 20th century many townships also added a township administrator or supervisor to the officers as an executive for the board. In some cases townships run local libraries, senior citizen services, youth services, disabled citizen services, emergency assistance, and even cemetery services.
  • 郡区（ぐんく、英語：civil township、別名：タウンシップ、シビル・タウンシップ）とは、アメリカ合衆国で広く使用されている、郡（カウンティ）の下位に位置付けられている地方自治体の単位である。その役割と自治の自律度は州ごとに異なる。郡区（シビル・タウンシップ＝行政タウンシップ）はサーベイ・タウンシップ（survey township、測量タウンシップ）とは区別されるが、その両方が存在する州では、それらの境界線が一致する場合も多い（サーベイ・タウンシップの詳細については公有地測量システム参照）。合衆国国勢調査局（U.S. Census Bureau）は、郡区を小行政区画（minor civil division）に位置付けている。郡区はニューイングランド地方、ニューヨーク州、そしてウィスコンシン州では「町」（town、タウン）と呼ばれている。 郡区では一般的に、理事会（governing board、名称は州によって異なる）と書記官あるいは評議員が参加する郡区会合が持たれる。通常、郡区の職員には治安判事、道路委員、査定官、治安官（コンスタブル）、測量技師が含まれる。20世紀には、多くの郡区で行政官（administrator）や執行官（supervisor）が理事会の長として加えられた。郡区の中には独自の図書館、高齢者サービス、若年者サービス、障害者サービス、緊急支援、そして共同墓地サービスを行うところもある。
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  • A civil township is a widely used unit of local government in the United States, subordinate to, and geographic divisions of, a county. Specific responsibilities and the degree of vary based on each state. Civil townships are distinct from survey townships, but in states that have both, the boundaries often coincide. The U.S. Census Bureau classifies civil townships as minor civil divisions.
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  • Civil township
  • 郡区 (アメリカ合衆国)
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