| dbpedia-owl:abstract
|
- De Kerk van het Oosten is de benaming voor meerdere christelijke kerken binnen het Syrisch christendom die het nestorianisme aanhangen. Oorspronkelijk was de Kerk van het Oosten (of de Oost-Syrische Kerk) één kerk, nadat zij zich afsplitste van de Syrische Kerk. Tussen de 9e en de 14e eeuw was dit de grootste christelijke kerk op geografisch gebied, met bisdommen strekkende vanuit de mediterrane landen tot aan landen als China en India. Een schisma in 1552 zorgde ervoor dat de Kerk van het Oosten in twee kerkgemeentes werd verdeeld. Enerzijds ontstond er de Assyrische Kerk van het Oosten en anderzijds de Chaldeeuws-katholieke Kerk, een met Rome geünieerde kerk. De benamingen "Assyrisch" en "Chaldeeuws" dateren uit de 19e eeuw. Beide kerken noemen zich echter de Kerk van het Oosten. In 1898 splitste de voortgezette Assyrische Kerk van het Oosten zich nogmaals, toen een bisschop uit Iran zich met een grote groep gelovigen aansloot bij het Patriarchaat van Moskou. In 1964 vond er wederom een schisma plaats binnen de Assyrische Kerk, toen de toenmalige patriarch de gregoriaanse kalender wilde invoeren. De gelovigen die de "oude" juliaanse kalender wilden blijven aanhouden, vormden de onafhankelijke Oude Kerk van het Oosten.
- The Church of the East, also known as the Nestorian Church, is a Christian church, part of the Syriac tradition of Eastern Christianity. Originally the church of the Persian Sassanid Empire, it quickly spread widely through Asia. Between the 9th and 14th centuries it was the world's largest Christian church in terms of geographical extent, with dioceses stretching from the Mediterranean to China and India. Several modern churches claim continuity with the historical Church of the East. The Church of the East was headed by the Patriarch of the East, continuing a line that, according to tradition, stretched back to the time of the apostles. Liturgically, the church adhered to the East Syrian Rite, and theologically, it is associated with the doctrine of Nestorianism, which emphasizes the distinctness of the divine and human natures of Jesus. This doctrine and its chief proponent, Nestorius (386–451), were condemned by the First Council of Ephesus in 431, leading to the Nestorian Schism and a subsequent exodus of Nestorius' supporters to Sassanid Persia. The existing Christians in Persia welcomed these refugees and gradually adopted Nestorian doctrine, leading the Church of Persia to be known alternately as the Nestorian Church. The church grew rapidly under the Sassanids, and following the Islamic conquest of Persia, it was designated as a protected dhimmi community under Muslim rule. From the 6th century, it expanded greatly, establishing communities in India, Central Asia (where they had evangelical success among the Mongol tribes), and China, which was home to a thriving Nestorian community under the Tang Dynasty from the 7th to the 9th century. In the 13th and 14th century the church experienced a final period of expansion under the Mongol Empire, which had influential Nestorian Christians in the Mongol court. From its peak of geographical extent, the church experienced a rapid period of decline starting in the 14th century, due in large part to outside influences. The Mongol Empire dissolved into civil war, the Chinese Ming Dynasty overthrew the Mongols and ejected Christians and other foreign influences from China, and many Mongols in Central Asia converted to Islam. The Muslim Mongol leader Timur (1336–1405) nearly eradicated the remaining Christians in Persia; thereafter, Nestorian Christianity was largely confined to Upper Mesopotamia and the Malabar Coast of India. In the 16th century, the Church of the East went into a schism from which two distinct churches eventually emerged; the modern Assyrian Church of the East and the Chaldean Catholic Church, an Eastern Catholic Church in communion with the Holy See.
- Ficheiro:Museum für Indische Kunst Dahlem Berlin Mai 2006 061. jpg Nestorian priests in a procession on Palm Sunday, in a 7th- or 8th-century wall painting from a Nestorian church in China, Tang Dynasty A Igreja do Leste, também conhecida como Igreja Nestoriana é uma igreja oriental cristã, pertencente à tradição caldeia (ou siríaca oriental). Predefinição:Referências
- L'Église de Perse, Église de Mésopotamie ou Église de l'Orient fut une des premières Églises chrétiennes. Selon la tradition, elle aurait été fondée par l'apôtre Thomas. D'abord dans la juridiction de l'Église d'Antioche, elle proclama son indépendance en 424. Elle a connu plusieurs schismes au cours de son histoire et aujourd'hui plusieurs Églises, appartenant à des communions différentes, en sont les héritières directes : l'Église apostolique assyrienne de l'Orient l'Ancienne Église de l'Orient l'Église catholique chaldéenne Les différentes Églises orientales des chrétiens de saint Thomas dans le Sud de l'Inde, qui sont nées de l'importante activité missionnaire de l'Église de Perse en Inde, en sont également héritières, même si les affiliations se sont diversifiées et complexifiées.
|
| rdfs:comment
|
- Ficheiro:Museum für Indische Kunst Dahlem Berlin Mai 2006 061. jpg Nestorian priests in a procession on Palm Sunday, in a 7th- or 8th-century wall painting from a Nestorian church in China, Tang Dynasty A Igreja do Leste, também conhecida como Igreja Nestoriana é uma igreja oriental cristã, pertencente à tradição caldeia (ou siríaca oriental). Predefinição:Referências
- De Kerk van het Oosten is de benaming voor meerdere christelijke kerken binnen het Syrisch christendom die het nestorianisme aanhangen. Oorspronkelijk was de Kerk van het Oosten (of de Oost-Syrische Kerk) één kerk, nadat zij zich afsplitste van de Syrische Kerk. Tussen de 9e en de 14e eeuw was dit de grootste christelijke kerk op geografisch gebied, met bisdommen strekkende vanuit de mediterrane landen tot aan landen als China en India.
- The Church of the East, also known as the Nestorian Church, is a Christian church, part of the Syriac tradition of Eastern Christianity. Originally the church of the Persian Sassanid Empire, it quickly spread widely through Asia. Between the 9th and 14th centuries it was the world's largest Christian church in terms of geographical extent, with dioceses stretching from the Mediterranean to China and India. Several modern churches claim continuity with the historical Church of the East.
- L'Église de Perse, Église de Mésopotamie ou Église de l'Orient fut une des premières Églises chrétiennes. Selon la tradition, elle aurait été fondée par l'apôtre Thomas. D'abord dans la juridiction de l'Église d'Antioche, elle proclama son indépendance en 424.
|
