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- Ever since Chinese civilization was founded by the Xia Dynasty (2200 BCE-1600 BCE), organized military forces have existed throughout China. The recorded military history of China extends from about 2200 BC to the present day. China has the longest period of continuous development of military culture of any civilization in world history and had the world's most advanced military for almost 2,000 years until the 18th century The Chinese armies pioneered the use of crossbows, gunpowder weapons, stirups, and other advanced weapons that enabled them to fend off attacks by their enemies and expand China's influence across much of Eastern and Central Asia. In addition, China's armies also benefitted from an advanced logistics system as well as a rich strategic tradition, beginning with Sun Tzu's "The Art of war", that deeply influenced military thought. Early Chinese armies, such as that of the Xia, Shang and Zhou, were based on chariots and bronze weapons, much like their contemporaries in western Asia and Egypt. These small armies were ill-trained, poorly equipped, and could not engage in long campaigns. However, by the warring states, the introduction of iron weapons, crossbows, and stirrups revolutionized Chinese warfare. Professional standing armies replaced the unreliable peasant levies of old, and professional generals replaced aristocrats at the head of the army. This occurred concurrently with the established of a centralized state that was to become the norm for China. Under the Qin and Han Dynasties, China was unified and its troops conquered terroritories in all directions, and established China's frontiers that would last to the present day. These victories ushered in a golden age for China. Despite occasional defeats, China maintained a strong and powerful army throughout most of the imperial Era, one that was the most powerful in the world. Although the army became gradually feudal after the fall of the Han Dynasty, a trend that was accelerated during the Wu Hu invasions of the fourth century CE and the Southern and Northern Dynasties period afterwards, a professional army was restored by the Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, bringing a new golden age. Military technology also did not stand still; new equipment and concepts such as gunpowder weaponry and powerful new naval ships were continuously introduced, in order to augment the fighting power of China's military forces. Despite this, China's military supremacy gradually eroded after the establishment of the Song Dynasty, who was distrustful of the military establishment. Under the Song, China's armies suffered disastrous reversed and China was conquered by the Mongols under Kublai Khan. Although the Ming Dynasty restored Chinese power and a new golden age, China's supremacy was ended by a second barbarian conquest, that of the Manchu Qing Dynasty in 1683. The put a stop to improvements in military technology in order to maintain their rule. The Qing Dynasty saw disastrous defeats to European powers throughout the 19th century that eroded China's sovereignty and lead to the disintegration of the Chinese Empire. Early Chinese armies were composed of infantry and charioteers, but the imperial Chinese armies were grand spectacles, numbering hundreds of thousands of men and a staggering amount of equipment. These armies were composed of crossbowmen, cavalry, and infantry, who were armed with a dazzling amount of equipment. After the Song Dynasty, Chinese armies were also equipped with gunpowder weapons such as muskets and cannons. These armies were usually composed mostly of ethnic Chinese, though the Chinese army also employed many subject peoples in their forces, such as Gokturks, Koreans, and Mongols. The Yuan and Qing dynasties, under whom China were ruled by barbarian peoples such as the Mongols and Manchus, employed large numbers of Inner Asian cavalry troops, mostly from their own ethnic group, in order to keep the army under their rein.
- Het oud-Chinese leger ontwikkelde zich van 1500 v. Chr. tot 220 n. Chr. toen de Handynastie ten val kwam. China kent de langste periode van constinue ontwikkeling van militaire cultuur van enige beschaving in de wereldgescheidenis. De militaire geschiedenis van China wordt conventioneel ingedeeld in Chinese oudheid, Chinees keizerrijk en modern China (1912-heden) (wij nemen de eerste periode van het Chinese keizerrijk nog op in dit artikel om de evolutie duidelijk aan te tonen). Gedurende de eerste twee periode werd het Chinese leger gevormd door de militaire bedreiging van de nomaden uit Mongolië, Mantsjoerije en Centraal-Azië, alsook door het legalisme en later, door de volharding van de Confuciaanse waarden.
- 中国有着悠久的军事史。中国历史上历次王朝的更替都是以大规模的战争进行的。历史上不断有民变和起义。中国和周边的少数民族，尤其是北方游牧民族，有不断的冲突。鸦片战争以来，中国和西方列强的战争几乎都以失败告终。十九世纪末期以来，日本作为新兴的工业国家，对中国进行了大规模的侵略。中国在美国，苏联等国家的帮助下，终于在抗日战争中取得了胜利。之后是国共内战。中华人民共和国又参与了朝鲜战争、中越战争等大规模战争。目前台湾海峡依然存在较高的战争风险。 中国历史上有很多著名的战役，以及众多的军事家。中国传统的军事思想和理论重视谋略，这在《孙子兵法》一书中有着充分的体现。
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