Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811 – March 11, 1874) was an American politician and statesman from Massachusetts. An academic lawyer and a powerful orator, Sumner was the leader of the antislavery forces in Massachusetts and a leader of the Radical Republicans in the United States Senate during the American Civil War and Reconstruction, and the counterpart to Thaddeus Stevens in the United States House of Representatives. He jumped from party to party, gaining fame as a Republican.
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- Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811 – March 11, 1874) was an American politician and statesman from Massachusetts. An academic lawyer and a powerful orator, Sumner was the leader of the antislavery forces in Massachusetts and a leader of the Radical Republicans in the United States Senate during the American Civil War and Reconstruction, and the counterpart to Thaddeus Stevens in the United States House of Representatives. He jumped from party to party, gaining fame as a Republican. One of the most learned statesmen of the era, he specialized in foreign affairs, working closely with Abraham Lincoln. He devoted his enormous energies to the destruction of what he considered the Slave Power, that is the scheme of slave owners to take control of the federal government and block the progress of liberty. His severe beating in 1856 by South Carolina Representative Preston Brooks on the floor of the United States Senate helped escalate the tensions that led to war. After years of therapy Sumner returned to the Senate to help lead the Civil War. Sumner was a leading proponent of abolishing slavery to weaken the Confederacy. Although he kept on good terms with Abraham Lincoln, he was a leader of the hard-line Radical Republicans. As a Radical Republican leader in the Senate during Reconstruction, 1865-1871, Sumner fought hard to provide equal civil and voting rights for the freedmen (on the grounds that "consent of the governed" was a basic principle of American republicanism), and to block ex-Confederates from power so they would not reverse the victory in the Civil War. Sumner, teaming with House leader Thaddeus Stevens, defeated Andrew Johnson, and imposed Radical views on the South. In 1871, however, he broke with President Ulysses Grant; Grant's Senate supporters then took away Sumner's power base, his committee chairmanship. Sumner, concluding that Grant's corruption and the success of Reconstruction policies called for new national leadership, supported the Liberal Republicans candidate Horace Greeley in 1872 and lost his power inside the Republican party. Scholars consider Sumner and Stevens to be among America's foremost champions of black rights before and after the Civil War; one historian says he was "perhaps the least racist man in America in his day. " Sumner's friend Senator Carl Schurz praised Sumner's integrity, his "moral courage," the "sincerity of his convictions," and the "disinterestedness of his motives. " However, Sumner's Pulitzer-prize-winning biographer, David Donald, presents Sumner as an insufferably arrogant moralist; an egoist bloated with pride; pontifical and Olympian, and unable to distinguish between large issues and small ones. What's more, concludes Donald, Sumner was a coward who avoided confrontations with his many enemies, whom he routinely insulted in prepared speeches. Biographer David Donald has probed Sumner's psychology: Distrusted by friends and allies, and reciprocating their distrust, a man of "ostentatious culture," "unvarnished egotism," and "'a specimen of prolonged and morbid juvenility,'" Sumner combined a passionate conviction in his own moral purity with a command of nineteenth-century "rhetorical flourishes" and a "remarkable talent for rationalization. " Stumbling "into politics largely by accident," elevated to the United States Senate largely by chance, willing to indulge in "Jacksonian demagoguery" for the sake of political expediency, Sumner became a bitter and potent agitator of sectional conflict. Carving out a reputation as the South's most hated foe and the Negro's bravest friend, he inflamed sectional differences, advanced his personal fortunes, and helped bring about national tragedy. " Sumner was the scholar in politics. He could never be induced to suit his action to the political expediency of the moment. "The slave of principles, I call no party master," was the proud avowal with which he began his service in the Senate. For the tasks of Reconstruction he showed little aptitude. He was less a builder than a prophet. His was the first clear program proposed in Congress for the reform of the civil service. It was his dauntless courage in denouncing compromise, in demanding the repeal of the Fugitive Slave Act, and in insisting upon emancipation, that made him the chief initiating force in the struggle that put an end to slavery.
- Charles Sumner war ein amerikanischer Politiker. Er war Senator von Massachusetts.
- Charles Sumner (1811-1874) est un homme politique américain originaire de Massachusetts. Cet avocat célèbre pour son art oratoire a été un des leaders de la lutte contre l'esclavage dans son État et un membre influent de l'aile radicale du parti Républicain avec Thaddeus Stevens pendant la guerre de Sécession et la reconstruction. C'est un fervent défenseur de l'égalité des droits des noirs après la guerre civile.
- チャールズ・サムナー（Charles Sumner、1811年1月6日-1874年3月11日）は、アメリカ合衆国マサチューセッツ州の政治家である。 理論的な法律家であり力強い演説家として、マサチューセッツ州の反奴隷制運動の指導者であり、南北戦争やその後のレコンストラクションの間は下院のタデウス・スティーブンスと共に、上院の急進派共和党の指導者であった。党から党を渡り歩いたが、共和党員として名声を得た。当時の最も教養高い政治家として外交問題に強く、エイブラハム・リンカーンとも緊密に協力した。奴隷勢力、すなわち連邦政府を牛耳り自由の発展を妨げる奴隷所有者の陰謀と考えられるものの打倒に膨大なエネルギーを費やした。1856年、上院議場内でサウスカロライナ州のプレストン・ブルックスに杖で殴りかかられたことが、南北戦争に向けた緊張感を高めることになった。サムナーはこの事件がもとで数年間も療養しなければならなかったが、上院に復帰して南北戦争の遂行を助けた。アメリカ連合国を弱らせるために奴隷制を廃止する指導的提唱者であった。リンカーンとは良い関係を続けたものの、急進派共和党でも強行派の指導者であった。 レコンストラクション (1865-1871)の間、サムナーは解放奴隷の平等な公民権と選挙権の確保のために激しく戦い、アメリカ連合国に参加していた者の復権を押し留めた。タデウス・スティーブンスと共に大統領になったアンドリュー・ジョンソンを攻撃し、南部にはその強行的見解を押し付けた。しかし、1871年、ユリシーズ・グラント大統領と絶交した後に、グラントを支持する上院議員がサムナーの権力基盤であった委員長職からサムナーを追った。1872年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙では進歩的共和党の候補者ホレイス・グリーリーを支持し、共和党内の影響力を失った。
- Charles Sumner, född 6 januari 1811 i Boston, död 11 mars 1874 i Washington DC, var en amerikansk republikansk politiker och abolitionist. Han var en av de ledande radikala republikanerna (Radical Republicans), republikanska slaverimotståndare som arbetade för de frigivna slavarnas fullständiga rättigheter. Han representerade Massachusetts i från 1851 fram till sin död. Han gick i skola i Boston Latin School och studerade vid Harvard University. Han avlade 1834 sin juristexamen vid Harvard Law School. Han föreläste 1836-1837 vid Harvard Law School och reste sedan i tre år i Europa. Efter sina resor talade han flytande franska, tyska och italienska. Sumner var en av grundarna av Free Soil Party. En viktig impuls för partiets grundande var att whig-partiet nominerade Zachary Taylor, en slavägare från Sydstaterna, som sin kandidat i presidentvalet i USA 1848. Sumner tillträdde i senaten 1851 som senator för Free Soil Party. Efter ett tal mot slaveriet misshandlades han följande år av kongressledamoten Preston Brooks från South Carolina. Sumner kunde inte delta i senatens arbete i tre år på grund av misshandeln. Han fortsatte sin karriär i det nya Republikanska partiet. Som republikan lyckades Sumner behålla goda relationer till Abraham Lincoln trots att han som radikal republikan företrädde en annan gruppering inom partiet. Han var ordförande i senatens utrikesutskott 1861-1871. I presidentvalet i USA 1872 bröt han med republikanerna och stödde Horace Greeley i stället.
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- Senator Charles Sumner about 1870
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- Charles Sumner
- Sumner, Charles
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- American abolitionist and politician
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- April 24, 1851 – March 11, 1874
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- Author:Charles Sumner
- Charles Sumner
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- March 13, 1874
- March 4, 1851 – March 11, 1874
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- Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811 – March 11, 1874) was an American politician and statesman from Massachusetts. An academic lawyer and a powerful orator, Sumner was the leader of the antislavery forces in Massachusetts and a leader of the Radical Republicans in the United States Senate during the American Civil War and Reconstruction, and the counterpart to Thaddeus Stevens in the United States House of Representatives. He jumped from party to party, gaining fame as a Republican.
- Charles Sumner war ein amerikanischer Politiker. Er war Senator von Massachusetts.
- Charles Sumner (1811-1874) est un homme politique américain originaire de Massachusetts. Cet avocat célèbre pour son art oratoire a été un des leaders de la lutte contre l'esclavage dans son État et un membre influent de l'aile radicale du parti Républicain avec Thaddeus Stevens pendant la guerre de Sécession et la reconstruction. C'est un fervent défenseur de l'égalité des droits des noirs après la guerre civile.
- Charles Sumner, född 6 januari 1811 i Boston, död 11 mars 1874 i Washington DC, var en amerikansk republikansk politiker och abolitionist. Han var en av de ledande radikala republikanerna (Radical Republicans), republikanska slaverimotståndare som arbetade för de frigivna slavarnas fullständiga rättigheter. Han representerade Massachusetts i från 1851 fram till sin död. Han gick i skola i Boston Latin School och studerade vid Harvard University.
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- Charles Sumner
- Charles Sumner
- Charles Sumner
- チャールズ・サムナー
- Charles Sumner
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