Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland KG PC (23 April 1675 – 19 April 1722), known as Lord Spencer from 1688 to 1702, was an English statesman. He served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1714–1717), Lord Privy Seal (1715–1716), Lord President of the Council (1717–1719) and First Lord of the Treasury (1718–1721). He was the second son of Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland and Anne Digby, daughter of George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol.
| Property | Value |
|---|
| dbpedia-owl:Person/birthDate
| |
| dbpedia-owl:Person/birthName
| |
| dbpedia-owl:Person/deathDate
| |
| dbpedia-owl:Person/deathPlace
| |
| dbpedia-owl:Person/nationality
| |
| dbpedia-owl:Person/occupation
| |
| dbpedia-owl:Person/party
| |
| dbpedia-owl:Person/restingPlace
| |
| dbpedia-owl:Person/spouse
| |
| dbpedia-owl:birthDate
| |
| dbpedia-owl:birthName
| |
| dbpedia-owl:deathDate
| |
| dbpedia-owl:deathPlace
| |
| dbpedia-owl:nationality
| |
| dbpedia-owl:occupation
| |
| dbpedia-owl:party
| |
| dbpedia-owl:restingPlace
| |
| dbpedia-owl:spouse
| |
| dbpedia-owl:thumbnail
| |
| dbpprop:abstract
|
- Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland KG PC (23 April 1675 – 19 April 1722), known as Lord Spencer from 1688 to 1702, was an English statesman. He served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1714–1717), Lord Privy Seal (1715–1716), Lord President of the Council (1717–1719) and First Lord of the Treasury (1718–1721). He was the second son of Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland and Anne Digby, daughter of George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol. On the death of his elder brother Henry in Paris in September 1688, he became heir to the peerage. Called by John Evelyn "a youth of extraordinary hopes," he completed his education at Utrecht, and in 1695 entered the House of Commons as member for Tiverton. In the same year, he married Arabella, daughter of Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle; she died in 1698 and in 1700, he married Anne Churchill, daughter of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough. This was an important alliance for Sunderland and for his descendants; through it he was introduced to political life and later the dukedom of Marlborough came to the Spencers. Having succeeded to the peerage in 1702, Sunderland was one of the commissioners for the union between England and Scotland, and in 1705, he was sent to Vienna as envoy extraordinary. Although he was tinged with republican ideas and had made himself obnoxious to Queen Anne by opposing the grant to her husband, Prince George, through the influence of Marlborough he was foisted into the ministry as Secretary of State for the Southern Department, taking office in December 1706. From 1708 to 1710, he was one of the five Whigs collectively called the Junto, who dominated the government, but he had many enemies, the queen still disliked him, and in June 1710, he was dismissed. Anne offered him a pension of £3000 a year, but this he refused, saying "if he could not have the honour to serve his country he would not plunder it. " Sunderland continued to take part in public life, and was active in communicating with the court of Hanover about the steps to be taken in view of the approaching death of the queen. He made the acquaintance of George I in 1706, but when the elector became king the office, he only secured the comparatively unimportant position of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. In August 1715, he joined the cabinet as Lord Privy Seal. After a visit to George I in Hanover, he secured in April 1717 the position of Secretary of State for the Northern Department. This he retained until March 1718, when he became First Lord of the Treasury, holding also the post of Lord President of the Council. He was now effectively the prime minister. Sunderland was especially interested in the proposed peerage bill, a measure designed to limit the number of members of the House of Lords, but this was defeated owing partly to the opposition of Sir Robert Walpole. The bursting of the South Sea Bubble led to his political ruin. He had taken some part in launching the scheme of 1720, but he had not profited financially by it; however, public opinion was roused against him and it was only through the efforts of Walpole that he was acquitted by the House of Commons, when the matter was investigated. In April 1721, he resigned his offices, but he retained his influence with George I until his death on 19 April 1722. Sunderland inherited his father's passion for intrigue, while his manners were repelling, but he stands high among his associates for disinterestedness and had an alert and discerning mind. From his early years he had a great love of books, and he spent his leisure and his wealth in forming the library at Althorp, which in 1703 was described as "the finest in Europe. " In 1749 part of it was removed to Blenheim Palace. Sunderland's second wife died in April 1716, after a career of considerable influence on the political life of her time. In 1717, he married an Irish lady of fortune, Judith Tichborne (d. 1749), daughter of Sir Benjamin Tichborne (younger brother of Sir Henry Tichborne, 1st Baron Ferrard, and Elizabeth Gibbs. She later married Sir Robert Sutton.
- Charles Spencer, 3. Earl of Sunderland war ein englischer Politiker und Staatsmann, der vor allem durch seine Verstrickung in den Südseeschwindel (South Sea Bubble) bekannt wurde, den ersten großen Börsenkrach der europäischen Geschichte.
- Charles era figlio di Robert Spencer, II conte di Sunderland e di sua moglie Anne Digby, figlia del conte di Bristol. Alla morte del suo fratello maggiore Henry, avvenuta a Parigi nel 1688, divenne erede del titolo paterno. Chiamato da John Evelyn "un giovane di straordinarie speranze", completò la sua educazione presso Utrecht; nel 1695 entrò a far parte della Camera dei Comuni. Lo stesso anno sposò Arabella, figlia di Henry Cavendish, II duca di Newcastle-upon-Tyne; pochi anni dopo, nel 1689 Arabella morì e nel 1700 Charles Spencer prese in moglie Lady Anne Churchill, figlia di John Churchill, I duca di Marlborough. Questa fu una importante unione perché assicurò alla famiglia Spencer l'unione con la famiglia Churchill; le due famiglie finirono per unirsi e gli Spencer ottennero il ducato di Marlborough. Nel 1702 successe al padre nel titolo di conte di Sunderland divenendo Pari d'Inghilterra. Tre anni dopo, nel 1705, fu uno dei maggiori artefici della nascita della Gran Bretagna e la regina Anna Stuart lo inviò come ambasciatore straordinario a Vienna. Ostile al principe consorte Giorgio di Danimarca, ottenne la carica di Secretary of State for the Southern Department (Segretario di Stato per il dipartimento meridionale) nel 1706 solo grazie all'appoggio del duca di Marlborough. Dal 1708 al 1710 fu uno dei cinque Whigs che formarono il gruppo di governo denominato Junto. Tuttavia, circondato di avversari, nel giugno 1710 si dimise. Pur osteggiandolo, la regina Anna gli offrì una pensione di 3000 sterline che il conte rifiutò. Sunderland continuò la vita pubblica, avvicinandosi alla corte di Hannover. Quando l'elettore Giorgio divenne re di Gran Bretagna con il nome di Giorgio I, Sunderland ottenne l'importante incarico di Lord Luogotenente d'Irlanda. Nel 1715 divenne Lord Privy Seal e nel 1717 divenne Secretary of State for the Northern Department (Segretario di Stato per il dipartimento settentrionale). Ma la sua carriera non si limitò a questo e negli anni successivi ottenne gli incarichi di First Lord of the Treasury e Lord President of the Council divenendo a tutti gli effetti primo ministro. Entrato in conflitto con Robert Walpole, decretò la sua fine con l'emanazione della South Sea Bubble; nel 1721 dovette dimettersi dagli nicarichi politici ma rimase a fianco di Giorgio I come consigliere non ufficiale per il resto del regno del sovrano.
- Charles Spencer, trzeci earl Sunderland, polityk angielski. Ożenił się z Anną Churchill, córką księcia Malborough w 1700; było to drugie małżeństwo Spencera i znacznie podniosło jego status. Jeden z pięciu członków partii Wigów, zwanych juntą z powodu wielkiego wpływu na rząd w latach 1708-1710, jeden z wysłanników negocjujących warunki unii ze Szkocją. Piastował liczne funkcje państwowe. Przeciwnik Roberta Walpole'a. Śmierć Sunderlanda w roku 1722 umożliwiła Walpole'owi i jego szwagrowi Charlesowi Tonwshendowi przejęcie władzy.
- Charles Spencer, 3. ° Conde de Sunderland foi um estadista inglês. Ele era o segundo filho de Robert Spencer, 2. ° Conde de Sunderland e de sua esposa, Anne Digby, filha de George Digby, 2. ° Conde de Bristol. Com a morte de seu irmão mais velho Henry em Paris, em setembro de 1688, Charles tornou-se herdeiro do pariato. Chamado por John Evelyn de "juventude de esperanças extraordinárias", Spencer completou sua educação na Universidade de Utrecht, em Utrecht, Países Baixos. Em 1695, entrou na Câmara dos Comuns como um membro por Tiverton, um distrito eleitoral. No mesmo ano, casou-se com Arabella, filha de Henry Cavendish, 2. ° Duque de Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Ela morreu em 1698, e em 1700 Charles desposou Anne Churchill, filha do famoso Duque de Marlborough. Esta foi uma importante aliança para Spencer, que foi introduzido na vida política, e para seus descendentes, que acabaram recebendo o ducado de Marlborough.
- Charles Spencer, 3:e earl av Sunderland, född 1674, död 19 april 1722, var en brittisk politiker och bibliofil, son till Robert Spencer, 2:e earl av Sunderland. Sunderland blev 1695, då ännu bärande titeln lord Spencer, ledamot av underhuset, där han anslöt sig till whigpartiet. Hans giftermål 1699 med Anne Churchill, dotter till hertigen av Marlborough, hade ej ringa politisk betydelse, enär det väsentligt bidrog att närma hertigen och i synnerhet hertiginnan till whigs. Spencer, som 1702 ärvt faderns earltitel, blev december 1706 statssekreterare och tillhörde 1708-10 den av fem whigledare bildade så kallade junta, som en tid helt behärskade drottningen. Spencer hade betydande andel i förföljelsen mot doktor Sacheverell och avskedades juni 1710. Tidigt hade han knutit förbindelser med kurfurst Georg av Hannover, men då denne 1714 som Georg I blev engelsk konung, sveks Spencers förhoppningar på en inflytelserik rådgivarställning. Först 1715 kom han in i kabinettet, och 1717 lyckades han undantränga sin rival Townshend från dennes statssekreterarpost. Året därpå blev han lordpresident och förste skattkammarlord. Från denna sin ställning som faktisk premiärminister störtades han 1721 av Walpole till följd av den harm det av Spencer gynnade Söderhavskompaniets finansiella katastrof framkallade bland allmänheten. Sin lediga tid använde han till att samla sällsynta böcker; hans av samtiden mycket prisade bibliotek på Althorp flyttades 1749 till Blenheim Palace och såldes på 1880-talet av dåvarande hertigen av Marlborough. Som politiker ansågs Spencer intrigant, våldsam och högdragen.
|
| dbpprop:birthDate
| |
| dbpprop:birthname
| |
| dbpprop:deathDate
| |
| dbpprop:deathPlace
| |
| dbpprop:hasPhotoCollection
| |
| dbpprop:honorificPrefix
| |
| dbpprop:honorificSuffix
| |
| dbpprop:last
| |
| dbpprop:monarch
| |
| dbpprop:name
| |
| dbpprop:nationality
| |
| dbpprop:occupation
| |
| dbpprop:office
| |
| dbpprop:party
| |
| dbpprop:predecessor
| |
| dbpprop:relatedInstance
| |
| dbpprop:restingplace
| |
| dbpprop:spouse
| |
| dbpprop:successor
| |
| dbpprop:termEnd
|
- 4 April 1721
- 6 February 1719
|
| dbpprop:termStart
|
- 16 March 1718
- 21 March 1718
|
| dbpprop:wikiPageUsesTemplate
| |
| rdf:type
| |
| rdfs:comment
|
- Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland KG PC (23 April 1675 – 19 April 1722), known as Lord Spencer from 1688 to 1702, was an English statesman. He served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1714–1717), Lord Privy Seal (1715–1716), Lord President of the Council (1717–1719) and First Lord of the Treasury (1718–1721). He was the second son of Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland and Anne Digby, daughter of George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol.
- Charles Spencer, 3. Earl of Sunderland war ein englischer Politiker und Staatsmann, der vor allem durch seine Verstrickung in den Südseeschwindel (South Sea Bubble) bekannt wurde, den ersten großen Börsenkrach der europäischen Geschichte.
- Charles era figlio di Robert Spencer, II conte di Sunderland e di sua moglie Anne Digby, figlia del conte di Bristol. Alla morte del suo fratello maggiore Henry, avvenuta a Parigi nel 1688, divenne erede del titolo paterno. Chiamato da John Evelyn "un giovane di straordinarie speranze", completò la sua educazione presso Utrecht; nel 1695 entrò a far parte della Camera dei Comuni.
- Charles Spencer, trzeci earl Sunderland, polityk angielski. Ożenił się z Anną Churchill, córką księcia Malborough w 1700; było to drugie małżeństwo Spencera i znacznie podniosło jego status. Jeden z pięciu członków partii Wigów, zwanych juntą z powodu wielkiego wpływu na rząd w latach 1708-1710, jeden z wysłanników negocjujących warunki unii ze Szkocją. Piastował liczne funkcje państwowe. Przeciwnik Roberta Walpole'a.
- Charles Spencer, 3. ° Conde de Sunderland foi um estadista inglês. Ele era o segundo filho de Robert Spencer, 2. ° Conde de Sunderland e de sua esposa, Anne Digby, filha de George Digby, 2. ° Conde de Bristol. Com a morte de seu irmão mais velho Henry em Paris, em setembro de 1688, Charles tornou-se herdeiro do pariato. Chamado por John Evelyn de "juventude de esperanças extraordinárias", Spencer completou sua educação na Universidade de Utrecht, em Utrecht, Países Baixos.
- Charles Spencer, 3:e earl av Sunderland, född 1674, död 19 april 1722, var en brittisk politiker och bibliofil, son till Robert Spencer, 2:e earl av Sunderland. Sunderland blev 1695, då ännu bärande titeln lord Spencer, ledamot av underhuset, där han anslöt sig till whigpartiet. Hans giftermål 1699 med Anne Churchill, dotter till hertigen av Marlborough, hade ej ringa politisk betydelse, enär det väsentligt bidrog att närma hertigen och i synnerhet hertiginnan till whigs.
|
| rdfs:label
|
- Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland
- Charles Spencer, 3. Earl of Sunderland
- Charles Spencer, III conte di Sunderland
- Charles Spencer, 3. hrabia Sunderland
- Charles Spencer, 3.° Conde de Sunderland
- Charles Spencer, 3:e earl av Sunderland
|
| owl:sameAs
| |
| skos:subject
| |
| foaf:depiction
| |
| foaf:name
| |
| foaf:page
| |
| is dbpprop:_24
of | |
| is dbpprop:_8
of | |
| is dbpprop:after
of | |
| is dbpprop:before
of | |
| is dbpprop:disambiguates
of | |
| is dbpprop:predecessor
of | |
| is dbpprop:redirect
of | |
| is dbpprop:successor
of | |
![[RDF Data]](/statics/sw-cube.png)
