Canberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of over 345,000, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 280 km (170 mi) south-west of Sydney, and 660 km (410 mi) north-east of Melbourne. A resident of Canberra is known as a "Canberran".
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- Canberra ] ist die Hauptstadt und achtgrößte Stadt Australiens. Sie ist die größte Stadt im Landesinneren und liegt im Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 286 km südwestlich von Sydney und 669 km nordöstlich von Melbourne. Canberra ist eine Planhauptstadt und wurde 1908 aufgrund der Rivalität zwischen Melbourne und Sydney als Kompromisslösung zur zukünftigen Hauptstadt bestimmt. Nach einem internationalen Städtebauwettbewerb entschied sich die australische Regierung für den Entwurf des US-amerikanischen Architekten Walter Burley Griffin. Die Bauarbeiten begannen im Jahr 1913, den Status als Hauptstadt erhielt Canberra am 9. Mai 1927. Die Stadtstruktur basiert auf den Prinzipien der Gartenstadt und umfasst weitläufige naturbelassene Flächen, die im Canberra-Naturpark zusammengeschlossen sind. Dies hat Canberra den Beinamen „Busch-Hauptstadt“ eingebracht. Wurde die Entwicklung der Stadt durch den Ersten Weltkrieg und die Weltwirtschaftskrise noch erheblich gebremst, so setzte nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg ein starkes Bevölkerungswachstum ein, das bis heute anhält. Als Hauptstadt ist Canberra Sitz der Verfassungsorgane des australischen Staatswesens mitsamt deren Ministerien, Verwaltungen und Gerichten. Diese generieren den Hauptteil des Bruttosozialprodukts und sind zudem der größte Arbeitgeber. Auch haben zahlreiche soziale, wissenschaftliche und kulturelle Institutionen nationaler Bedeutung hier ihren Sitz. Canberra ist zudem ein beliebtes Touristenziel.
- Canberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of over 345,000, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 280 km (170 mi) south-west of Sydney, and 660 km (410 mi) north-east of Melbourne. A resident of Canberra is known as a "Canberran". The site of Canberra was selected for the location of the nation's capital in 1908 as a compromise between rivals Sydney and Melbourne, Australia's two largest cities. It is unusual among Australian cities, being an entirely planned city. Following an international contest for the city's design, a blueprint by the Chicago architects Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin was selected and construction commenced in 1913. The Griffins' plan featured geometric motifs such as circles, hexagons and triangles, and was centred around axes aligned with significant topographical landmarks in the Australian Capital Territory. The city's design was heavily influenced by the garden city movement and incorporates significant areas of natural vegetation that have earned Canberra the title of the "bush capital". The growth and development of Canberra were hindered by the World Wars and the Great Depression, which exacerbated a series of planning disputes and the ineffectiveness of a sequence of bodies that were to oversee the development of the city. The national capital emerged as a thriving city after World War II, as Prime Minister Robert Menzies championed its development and the National Capital Development Commission was formed with executive powers. Although the Australian Capital Territory is now self-governing, the federal government retains some influence through the National Capital Authority. As the seat of the government of Australia, Canberra is the site of Parliament House, the High Court and numerous government departments and agencies. It is also the location of many social and cultural institutions of national significance, such as the Australian War Memorial, Australian National University, Australian Institute of Sport, National Gallery, National Museum and the National Library. The Australian Army's officer corps are trained at the Royal Military College, Duntroon and the Australian Defence Force Academy is also located in the capital. As the city has a high proportion of public servants, the federal government contributes the largest percentage of Gross State Product and is the largest single employer in Canberra. As the seat of government, the unemployment rate is lower and the average income higher than the national average, while property prices are relatively high, in part due to comparatively restricted development regulations. Tertiary education levels are higher, while the population is younger.
- Canberra (], también admitido en español Camberra; del Ngunawal Kamberra, que significa 'lugar de reunión') es la capital de Australia, con una población superior a los 345.000 habitantes. Es sede del Territorio de la Capital Australiana, ubicada en la parte norte del mismo, 300 kilómetros al sudoeste de Sídney y 650 kilómetros al noreste de Melbourne. La situación de Canberra fue seleccionada para la posición de la capital nacional en 1908 como un compromiso entre Sídney y Melbourne, las dos grandes ciudades. Es diferente a las demás ciudades australianas, ya que fue construida desde cero, como una ciudad planificada. Tras un concurso internacional para el diseño de la ciudad, se seleccionó el proyecto realizado por el arquitecto Walter Burley Griffin de Chicago y la construcción comenzó en 1913. El diseño de la ciudad tuvo la influencia del movimiento "ciudad jardín" e incorpora en diferentes áreas vegetación natural, que llevaron a Canberra a obtener el título de "capital del arbusto". A pesar de que el crecimiento y desarrollo de Canberra se vio dificultado por las dos guerras mundiales y la Gran Depresión, a partir de la Segunda Guerra Mundial se convirtió en una ciudad próspera. En tanto que sede del Gobierno de Australia, en Canberra se encuentran el Parlamento Australiano y la Corte Suprema de Australia, además de numerosas agencias y Ministerios. También se encuentran varias instituciones sociales y culturales de importancia nacional. El Gobierno Federal contribuye en un gran porcentaje al PBI y aporta una amplia oferta laboral. Canberra es un destino popular para turistas nacionales, pero también para los extranjeros.
- Canberra on Australian pääkaupunki ja sen suurin sisämaakaupunki. Canberra sijaitsee Uuden Etelä-Walesin osavaltion ympäröimän Australian Capital Territoryn pohjoisosassa, noin 270 kilometriä Sydneystä lounaaseen. Asukkaita kaupungissa on 333 940 ja pinta-ala on 807,7 km². Canberra on myös tärkeä yliopistokaupunki: kaupungissa sijaitseva Australian kansallinen yliopisto on yksi Australian tärkeimmistä tutkimusyliopistoista.
- Canberra è la capitale dell'Australia e, con la sua popolazione di circa 333.000 abitanti, è anche la maggiore città dell'entroterra australiano. Amministrativamente coincidente col territorio della capitale australiana (ACT), urbanisticamente ne occupa in realtà soltanto il settore settentrionale, la restante parte è pressoché disabitata. L'ACT è completamente circondato dallo stato del Nuovo Galles del Sud, senza alcuno sbocco sul mare. Canberra si trova a 300 km a sud-ovest di Sydney e a 650 km a nord-est di Melbourne. La zona dove sorge fu scelta come sede della capitale nazionale nel 1908 e, come Brasilia e poche altre capitali del mondo, fu una città appositamente progettata per questo scopo. Il concorso internazionale indetto per la sua realizzazione fu vinto dall'architetto statunitense Walter Burley Griffin, di Chicago, e i lavori di costruzione iniziarono il 20 febbraio 1913. La struttura della città fu fortemente influenzata dal movimento delle "città-giardino" ed include vaste aree di vegetazione spontanea, che hanno valso a Canberra il soprannome di "capitale del bush". Nonostante la sua crescita sia stata rallentata dalle due guerre mondiali e dalla Grande depressione economica del 1929, Canberra emerse come una città in pieno sviluppo dopo la seconda guerra mondiale. Come sede del governo australiano, Canberra è sede del Parlamento, dell'Alta Corte d'Australia e di numerose altre istituzioni governative. È anche sede di numerose organizzazioni sociali e culturali di importanza nazionale. Il governo federale contribuisce alla maggior parte del prodotto interno lordo cittadino ed è il maggior datore di lavoro di Canberra. Canberra è anche meta di viaggi turistici nazionali ed internazionali. La maggior parte degli australiani pronuncia il nome in due sillabe, come /ˈkæn. bɹə/ o /ˈkæm. bɹə/. Una minoranza lo pronuncia come /ˈkæn. bə. ɹə/; la pronuncia /kæn. ˈbe. ɹə/ è considerata scorretta, anche se probabilmente è la più vicina all'origine etimologica del nome.
- キャンベラ(カンベラ、Canberra)は、オーストラリアの首都。南東部に位置する。ニューサウスウェールズ州の地域内にあるが、行政上は「オーストラリア首都特別地域」(ACT) と呼ばれるオーストラリア連邦の直轄地であり、どの州にも属していない。ACTとキャンベラは同一視されることが多い。都市の名前は1913年に命名された。なお、キャンベラとニューサウスウェールズ州は、行政上では分離しているものの、経済面では同一管内にされる場合がある。
- Canberra is de federale hoofdstad van het Gemenebest van Australië en ligt in het Australian Capital Territory (Australisch Hoofdstedelijk Territorium). Met 356.120 inwoners (2006) is het de zevende grootste stad van het land.
- Canberra er hovedstaden i Australia. Den ble reist midt mellom de to viktigste australske byene Melbourne og Sydney. Canberra er den syvende største byen i Australia, med et innbyggertall på over 332 000. Byen er lokalisert i den nordre enden av Australian Capital Territory, sør-vest for Sydney og nord-øst for Melbourne. Canberra ble valgt som Australias hovedstad i 1908 som et kompromiss mellom Sydney og Melbourne, de to største byene. Dette er uvanlig blant australske byer, ettersom det er en planlagt by. Etter en internasjonal konkurranse om byens design, ble designet til Chicago-arkitektene Walter Burley Griffin og Marion Mahony Griffin valgt, og oppbygningen begynte i 1913. Byens design hadde betydelig innflytelse fra haveby-bevegelsen og inkorporerer merkverdige områder med naturvegetasjon, som har gitt Canberra tittelen «buskhovedstaden». Selv om veksten og utviklingen til Canberra ble hindret av verdenskrigene og den store depresjonen, har byen kommet frem som en blomstrende by etter andre verdenskrig.
- Canberra – stolica Australii, położona w Alpach Australijskich nad rzeką Molonglo, na wysokości 550-700 m n.p.m. , w odległości 320 km od Sydney i 480 km od Melbourne. Na obszarze Australijskiego Terytorium Stołecznego o powierzchni 2500 km².
- Camberra (em inglês escrito Canberra, que em dialeto aborígene significa "ponto de encontro" ou "lugar conhecido") é a capital da Austrália. Localiza-se a 150 km do litoral, sendo a maior cidade do interior. Situa-se no extremo norte do Território da Capital da Austrália, 300 km a sudoeste de Sydney, e 650 km a nordeste de Melbourne. O local onde fica Camberra foi escolhido para abrigar a capital planejada em 1908 para pôr fim às candidaturas de Sydney e Melbourne. Um concurso internacional foi aberto e teve como vencedor o arquiteto estadunidense Walter Burley Griffin. As construções começaram em 1913 e finalizaram-se em 1927. O planejamento da cidade foi bastante influenciado pelo movimento jardim-cidade e incorporou áreas significativos de vegetação natural, o que lhe rendeu o título de bush capital, algo como cidade-arbusto. Apesar de ter apresentado um crescimento modesto no período entre guerras, Camberra prosperou a partir do fim da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Como capital, a cidade apresenta o Parlamento, a Alta Corte Australiana, além da Biblioteca Nacional da Austrália. O governo federal contribui com uma grande porcentagem da receita bruta da cidade, sendo, assim, o maior empregador. Camberra atrai tanto turistas domésticos quanto internacionais. Importante centro cultural (Biblioteca Nacional e Galeria Nacional de Arte) e comercial da Austrália.
- Ка́нбе́рра — столица Австралийского Союза. С населением, превышающим 345 тысяч человек, Канберра является крупнейшим городом Австралии, расположенным внутри страны, а не на побережье. Город находится в северной части Австралийской столичной территории в 280 км к юго-западу от Сиднея и в 650 км к северо-востоку от Мельбурна. В 1908 году территория современной Канберры была выбрана в качестве будущей столицы Австралийского Союза, что стало компромиссом между соперничавшими между собой за этот статус двумя крупнейшими городами страны, Сиднеем и Мельбурном. После проведённого международного конкурса на лучший дизайн в основу будущего строительства, которое началось в 1913 году, был взят план чикагских архитекторов Уолтера Берли Гриффина и Мэрион Махони Гриффин. В основу дизайна Канберры легла концепция города-сада, предполагающая обширные зоны естественной растительности, из-за чего австралийцы прозвали столицу «bush capital» (в переводе с английского «столица-заросль»). Несмотря на то, что росту и развитию города помешали Первая мировая война и Великая депрессия, после Второй мировой войны Канберра стала процветающим городом. Являясь резиденцией австралийского правительства, Канберра — место, где расположены парламент Австралии, Верховный суд и многочисленные министерства и агентства. В городе также находятся общественные и культурные учреждения государственного значения, такие как Национальная галерея Австралии и Национальный музей Австралии. Федеральное правительство вносит крупнейший вклад в валовой продукт города и является крупнейшим работодателем в Канберре.
- Canberra är Australiens huvudstad. Den är belägen på federalt territorium, Australian Capital Territory (ACT). Staden har drygt 320 000 invånare (2005) och är Australiens åttonde största stad.
- 坎培拉(Template:Lang-en Template:Pron-en, Template:IPA-en ),澳大利亞首都。它是澳洲最大的內陸城市,人口超過34.5萬人,在澳洲所有城市裡排名第八。它座落於澳洲首都特區北端,雪梨以西南280公里、墨爾本以東北660公里處。 坎培拉在1908年被選為國家首都,作為雪梨和墨爾本兩強的折衷地理位置。它是澳洲少數全城規劃興建的新市鎮,1913年動工,根據芝加哥建築師沃爾特·貝理·格里芬和馬里昂·馬奧尼·格里芬在全球競賽脫穎而出的藍圖,結合圓形、六邊形、三角形等幾何圖案,以澳洲首都特區的地形特色為主軸打造而成。城市的設計受到花園城市風潮影響,拋掉以公園作為點綴的舊有觀念,將許多重要區域直接融入天然植被,因而享有「天然首都」美譽。然而,坎培拉的發展之初便面臨到二次大戰和經濟大恐慌,計畫歧見劇增、都市發展監督效率大幅下滑。二次大戰結束後,在總理羅伯特·孟席斯倡議下,國家首都發展委員會成立、握有執行權力,坎培拉開始以新興首都之姿蓬勃發展。澳洲首都特區現屬自治區,但部分權力由聯邦政府國家首都局掌控。 作為澳大利亞政治中心,坎培拉城內建有澳洲國會大廈、澳洲高等法院和眾多其他政府部門與外交機關。它也是許多全國性社會和文化機構的所在地,例如澳洲戰爭紀念館、澳洲國立大學、澳洲體育學會、澳洲國立美術館、澳洲國立博物館及澳洲國家圖書館。訓練澳洲陸軍軍團的鄧特倫皇家軍事學院和澳洲國防學院也設在坎培拉。 坎培拉居民人口以公務人員居冠,失業率、平均收入皆優於國家平均值,物價也相對偏高,其部分原因是由於相對受限的發展規定。聯邦政府是坎培拉最大的單一雇主,同時在州生產總值佔了最高貢獻比例。坎培拉的高等教育水平較高,境內人口結構也較年輕。
- Canberra est la capitale de la fédération australienne et du Territoire de la capitale australienne. La ville est située à l'extrémité nord du territoire de la capitale, à Modèle:Unité au sud-ouest de Sydney et à Modèle:Unité au nord-est de Melbourne. Le site de Canberra a été choisi comme capitale australienne en 1908; ce choix fut un compromis entre les deux villes rivales de Sydney et Melbourne, les deux plus grandes villes d'Australie. Le terme de « canberra » désigne un « lieu de rassemblement » en ngunawal, la langue aborigène locale. Canberra offre une particularité pour une ville australienne : ses plans ont été réalisés avant de commencer la moindre construction. Ce n'est qu'après un concours international remporté par le couple d'architectes américains Walter Burley Griffin et Marion Mahony Griffin que commença le développement de la capitale en 1913. La conception de la ville fut fortement influencée par l'idée de ville verte; ainsi Canberra possède de vastes zones de végétation naturelle qui lui ont valu le nom de « capitale du bush ». Bien que la croissance de la ville ait été fortement ralentie par les deux guerres mondiales et la Grande Dépression, Canberra est devenue une ville florissante après la Seconde Guerre mondiale lorsque le Premier ministre Robert Menzies encouragea son développement et créa la Modèle:Lang (Commission pour le développement de la capitale nationale) en lui donnant des pouvoirs exécutifs. Cette commission sera supprimée en 1988 et remplacée par la Modèle:Lang (l'Autorité de la capitale nationale) qui permet à l'État de garder une certaine influence sur le territoire même s'il est devenu maintenant autonome. Siège du gouvernement australien, Canberra abrite aussi le Parlement et la Haute Cour ainsi que de nombreux ministères et directions nationales mais c'est également le siège de nombreuses institutions sociales et culturelles comme la Galerie nationale, le National Museum, le Mémorial de la guerre, l'Université nationale australienne, l'Institut des Sports et la Bibliothèque nationale. Les officiers de l'armée australienne sont formés au Collège militaire royal de Duntroon et l'Académie militaire est également située dans la capitale. Selon un recensement réalisé en 2006, la ville possède habitants. Comme elle a une forte proportion de fonctionnaires, le gouvernement fédéral est le plus gros employeur de Canberra. La ville connait un taux de chômage plus faible et un revenu moyen plus élevé que la moyenne nationale, tandis que les prix sont relativement élevés, en partie à cause des restrictions de droit de construction. Le niveau d'éducation de la population est supérieur au reste du pays tandis que sa population est plus jeune.
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- Clockwise: Parliament House, Australian War Memorial, view of the city along the parliamentary axis, Black Mountain Tower, National Library of Australia, and Australian National University
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- Canberra on Australian pääkaupunki ja sen suurin sisämaakaupunki. Canberra sijaitsee Uuden Etelä-Walesin osavaltion ympäröimän Australian Capital Territoryn pohjoisosassa, noin 270 kilometriä Sydneystä lounaaseen. Asukkaita kaupungissa on 333 940 ja pinta-ala on 807,7 km². Canberra on myös tärkeä yliopistokaupunki: kaupungissa sijaitseva Australian kansallinen yliopisto on yksi Australian tärkeimmistä tutkimusyliopistoista.
- キャンベラ(カンベラ、Canberra)は、オーストラリアの首都。南東部に位置する。ニューサウスウェールズ州の地域内にあるが、行政上は「オーストラリア首都特別地域」(ACT) と呼ばれるオーストラリア連邦の直轄地であり、どの州にも属していない。ACTとキャンベラは同一視されることが多い。都市の名前は1913年に命名された。なお、キャンベラとニューサウスウェールズ州は、行政上では分離しているものの、経済面では同一管内にされる場合がある。
- Canberra is de federale hoofdstad van het Gemenebest van Australië en ligt in het Australian Capital Territory (Australisch Hoofdstedelijk Territorium). Met 356.120 inwoners (2006) is het de zevende grootste stad van het land.
- Canberra – stolica Australii, położona w Alpach Australijskich nad rzeką Molonglo, na wysokości 550-700 m n.p.m. , w odległości 320 km od Sydney i 480 km od Melbourne. Na obszarze Australijskiego Terytorium Stołecznego o powierzchni 2500 km².
- Canberra är Australiens huvudstad. Den är belägen på federalt territorium, Australian Capital Territory (ACT). Staden har drygt 320 000 invånare (2005) och är Australiens åttonde största stad.
- 坎培拉(Template:Lang-en Template:Pron-en, Template:IPA-en ),澳大利亞首都。它是澳洲最大的內陸城市,人口超過34.5萬人,在澳洲所有城市裡排名第八。它座落於澳洲首都特區北端,雪梨以西南280公里、墨爾本以東北660公里處。 坎培拉在1908年被選為國家首都,作為雪梨和墨爾本兩強的折衷地理位置。它是澳洲少數全城規劃興建的新市鎮,1913年動工,根據芝加哥建築師沃爾特·貝理·格里芬和馬里昂·馬奧尼·格里芬在全球競賽脫穎而出的藍圖,結合圓形、六邊形、三角形等幾何圖案,以澳洲首都特區的地形特色為主軸打造而成。城市的設計受到花園城市風潮影響,拋掉以公園作為點綴的舊有觀念,將許多重要區域直接融入天然植被,因而享有「天然首都」美譽。然而,坎培拉的發展之初便面臨到二次大戰和經濟大恐慌,計畫歧見劇增、都市發展監督效率大幅下滑。二次大戰結束後,在總理羅伯特·孟席斯倡議下,國家首都發展委員會成立、握有執行權力,坎培拉開始以新興首都之姿蓬勃發展。澳洲首都特區現屬自治區,但部分權力由聯邦政府國家首都局掌控。 作為澳大利亞政治中心,坎培拉城內建有澳洲國會大廈、澳洲高等法院和眾多其他政府部門與外交機關。它也是許多全國性社會和文化機構的所在地,例如澳洲戰爭紀念館、澳洲國立大學、澳洲體育學會、澳洲國立美術館、澳洲國立博物館及澳洲國家圖書館。訓練澳洲陸軍軍團的鄧特倫皇家軍事學院和澳洲國防學院也設在坎培拉。 坎培拉居民人口以公務人員居冠,失業率、平均收入皆優於國家平均值,物價也相對偏高,其部分原因是由於相對受限的發展規定。聯邦政府是坎培拉最大的單一雇主,同時在州生產總值佔了最高貢獻比例。坎培拉的高等教育水平較高,境內人口結構也較年輕。
- Canberra ] ist die Hauptstadt und achtgrößte Stadt Australiens. Sie ist die größte Stadt im Landesinneren und liegt im Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 286 km südwestlich von Sydney und 669 km nordöstlich von Melbourne. Canberra ist eine Planhauptstadt und wurde 1908 aufgrund der Rivalität zwischen Melbourne und Sydney als Kompromisslösung zur zukünftigen Hauptstadt bestimmt.
- Canberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of over 345,000, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 280 km (170 mi) south-west of Sydney, and 660 km (410 mi) north-east of Melbourne. A resident of Canberra is known as a "Canberran".
- Canberra (], también admitido en español Camberra; del Ngunawal Kamberra, que significa 'lugar de reunión') es la capital de Australia, con una población superior a los 345.000 habitantes. Es sede del Territorio de la Capital Australiana, ubicada en la parte norte del mismo, 300 kilómetros al sudoeste de Sídney y 650 kilómetros al noreste de Melbourne.
- Canberra è la capitale dell'Australia e, con la sua popolazione di circa 333.000 abitanti, è anche la maggiore città dell'entroterra australiano. Amministrativamente coincidente col territorio della capitale australiana (ACT), urbanisticamente ne occupa in realtà soltanto il settore settentrionale, la restante parte è pressoché disabitata. L'ACT è completamente circondato dallo stato del Nuovo Galles del Sud, senza alcuno sbocco sul mare.
- Canberra er hovedstaden i Australia. Den ble reist midt mellom de to viktigste australske byene Melbourne og Sydney. Canberra er den syvende største byen i Australia, med et innbyggertall på over 332 000. Byen er lokalisert i den nordre enden av Australian Capital Territory, sør-vest for Sydney og nord-øst for Melbourne. Canberra ble valgt som Australias hovedstad i 1908 som et kompromiss mellom Sydney og Melbourne, de to største byene.
- Camberra (em inglês escrito Canberra, que em dialeto aborígene significa "ponto de encontro" ou "lugar conhecido") é a capital da Austrália. Localiza-se a 150 km do litoral, sendo a maior cidade do interior. Situa-se no extremo norte do Território da Capital da Austrália, 300 km a sudoeste de Sydney, e 650 km a nordeste de Melbourne. O local onde fica Camberra foi escolhido para abrigar a capital planejada em 1908 para pôr fim às candidaturas de Sydney e Melbourne.
- Ка́нбе́рра — столица Австралийского Союза. С населением, превышающим 345 тысяч человек, Канберра является крупнейшим городом Австралии, расположенным внутри страны, а не на побережье. Город находится в северной части Австралийской столичной территории в 280 км к юго-западу от Сиднея и в 650 км к северо-востоку от Мельбурна.
- Canberra est la capitale de la fédération australienne et du Territoire de la capitale australienne. La ville est située à l'extrémité nord du territoire de la capitale, à Modèle:Unité au sud-ouest de Sydney et à Modèle:Unité au nord-est de Melbourne. Le site de Canberra a été choisi comme capitale australienne en 1908; ce choix fut un compromis entre les deux villes rivales de Sydney et Melbourne, les deux plus grandes villes d'Australie.
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- Canberra
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