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- Les cactàcies (Cactaceae) són una família de plantes amb flor que popularment s'anomenen cactus. Hi ha unes dues mil espècies de cactàcies que viuen principalment en climes desèrtics o subdesèrtics (amb lleugera pluja estacional). Les cactàcies són originàries quasi exclusivament d'Amèrica. L'única excepció és la planta anomenada Rhipsalis baccifera que a més d'Amèrica també es troba a l'Àfrica Tropical, Madagascar i Sri Lanka (probablement transportada allà per ocells migratoris). Altres plantes suculentes s'assemblen a les cactàcies per un procés evolutiu convergent que només es va donar a Amèrica (als deserts africans o australians hi ha altres famílies de plantes adaptades al dèficit d'aigua) on a Utah es va trobar el fòssil d'una estranya planta molt semblant a una moderna Consolea, en terrenys pertanyents a l'Eocè i d'una antiguitat aproximada de 50-35 milions d'anys, anomenada Eopuntia. Totes les cactàcies son xeròfites, mostrant tendència a la reducció de les superfícies sotmeses a transpiració i a acumular aigua en els seus teixits. Això ha fet que les fulles hagin evolucionat cap a espines i la fotosíntesi només tingui lloc a la tija. Només gèneres considerats com els més primitius com Pereskia i Pereskiopsis tenen fulles a més de no tenir la tija suculenta. El metabolisme d'incorporar el carboni és del tipus CAM una via metabòlica especial que permet tancar els estomes durant el dia i i obrir-los de nit. Cactus, nom tradicionalment usat per referir-se a totes les cactàcies, era en realitat el d'un dels gèneres de cactàcies. Actualment el gènere es diu Mammillaria.
- Kaktusovité (Cactaceae) je čeleď sukulentních, xerofytních bylin, které pocházejí ze Severní a Jižní Ameriky, ale člověk se zasloužil o jejich rozšíření i na další místa jako je středomoří či Afrika. Slovo kaktus pochází z řeckého Κακτος tj. kaktus, které označovalo druh bodláku.
- Die Kakteengewächse (Cactaceae) oder kurz Kakteen sind eine Familie in der Ordnung Nelkenartigen (Caryophyllales) innerhalb der Bedecktsamigen Pflanzen (Magnoliopsida).
- A cactus is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, within the order Caryophyllales. The word cactus is derived through Latin from the Ancient Greek κάκτος (kaktos), a name originally used for a spiny plant whose identity is not certain. Cacti are native to the Americas, ranging from Patagonia in the south to parts of western Canada in the north. There is only one exception, Rhipsalis baccifera, which is also found in Africa and Sri Lanka. Most cacti live in habitats which are subject to at least some degree of drought. Many live in extremely dry environments, even being found in the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on earth. Cacti show many adaptations to conserve water. Most species of cacti have lost true leaves, retaining only spines, which are highly modified leaves. As well as defending against herbivores, spines reduce air flow close to the cactus and provide some shade, both of which help to prevent water loss. Cactus spines are produced from specialized structures called areoles, a kind of highly reduced branch; areoles are an identifying feature of cacti. As well as spines, areoles give rise to flowers, which are usually tubular and multi-petaled. In the absence of leaves, enlarged stems carry out photosynthesis. Unlike many other succulents, the stem is the only part of most cacti where this vital process takes place. Cactus stems also store water, often being ribbed or fluted which allows them to expand and contract easily. Cacti come in a wide range of shapes and sizes. The tallest free-standing cactus is Pachycereus pringlei, with a maximum recorded height of 19.2 m (63 ft), and the smallest is Blossfeldia liliputiana, only about 1 cm (0.4 in) in diameter at maturity. The smaller cacti usually have globe-shaped stems, combining the highest possible volume with the lowest possible surface area. Many cacti have a short growing season and a long dormancy and are able to react quickly to any rainfall, helped by an extensive but relatively shallow root system. A fully grown saguaro is said to be able to absorb as much as 200 US gallons (760 l; 170 imp gal) of water during a rainstorm. Like other succulent plants, most cacti employ a special mechanism called "Crassulacean acid metabolism" (CAM) as part of photosynthesis. Transpiration, during which carbon dioxide enters the plant and water escapes, does not take place during the day at the same time as photosynthesis, but instead occurs at night. The plant stores the carbon dioxide it takes in as malic acid, retaining it until daylight returns and only then using it in photosynthesis. Because transpiration takes place during the cooler, more humid night hours, water loss is significantly reduced. A few species are significantly different in appearance from most of the family. At least superficially, plants of the genus Pereskia resemble the other trees and shrubs which grow around them. They have persistent leaves and, when older, bark-covered stems. Their areoles identify them as cacti, and in spite of their appearance they too have many adaptations for water conservation. Pereskia is considered to be close to the ancestral species from which all cacti evolved. In tropical regions, other cacti grow as forest climbers and epiphytes (plants which grow on trees). Their stems are typically flattened, almost leaf-like in appearance, with fewer or even no spines, like the well known Christmas cactus or Thanksgiving cactus (in the genus Schlumbergera). Cacti have a variety of uses: many species are used as ornamental plants, others are grown for fodder or forage, others for food (particularly their fruit). Cochineal is the product of an insect that lives on some cacti.
- Las cactáceas (Cactaceae) son una familia de plantas suculentas y, en gran mayoría, espinosas, conocidas en conjunto como cactus o cactos. Esta familia es prácticamente exclusiva de América, lo que significa que son endémicas del continente americano y las Antillas. Sin embargo, hay una excepción, Rhipsalis baccifera, que está extendida en África tropical, Madagascar y Ceilán. Se cree que la colonización del Viejo Mundo por esta especie es relativamente reciente (unos cuantos cientos de años), probablemente transportada en el tracto digestivo de pájaros migratorios en forma de semillas o, según otra teoría, en forma de plantas adheridas a troncos impulsados por corrientes marinas. Muchas otras especies de cactáceas se han naturalizado, en condiciones similares a las de su hábitat, en otras partes del mundo, tras ser introducidas por el hombre. Muchas plantas suculentas, tanto en el Viejo como en el Nuevo Mundo, tienen una notable semejanza con los cactos y, a menudo, son así llamadas en lenguaje corriente. Sin embargo, esto se debe a la evolución paralela, ya que ninguna de ellas está estrechamente emparentada con las cactáceas. La característica identificativa más clara de la familia de los cactos es la areola, una estructura especializada de donde surgen las espinas, los vástagos nuevos y, en muchas ocasiones, las flores. Se considera que las cactáceas han evolucionado entre hace 30 y 40 millones de años. El continente americano estaba unido a los demás, pero se fue separando progresivamente por la deriva continental. Las especies endémicas del Nuevo Mundo debieron desarrollarse después de esta separación; el distanciamiento significativo se alcanzó en los últimos 50 millones de años. Esto podría explicar la inexistencia de cactos endémicos en África: éstos evolucionaron en América cuando los continentes ya se habían separado.
- Kaktuskasvit eli kaktukset (Cactaceae) ovat kaksisirkkaisten kasvien heimo, jonka 1500–1800 lajia ovat pääasiassa piikikkäitä mehikasveja. Sukuja on tulkinnasta riippuen 24–220, joskin noin 90 on laajimmin hyväksytty määrä. Kaktukset kasvavat alkuperäisenä vain Amerikan mantereella; merkittävä poikkeus on kuitenkin Rhipsalis baccifera, joka on viimeisten muutaman tuhannen vuoden aikana levinnyt trooppiseen Afrikkaan, Madagaskarille ja Sri Lankaan todennäköisesti muuttolintujen mukana. Ihmisen tuomina kaktuksia esiintyy villiintyneenä trooppisilla seuduilla ympäri maailmaa. Alkuperäisillä esiintymisseuduillaan kaktusten tyypillinen elinympäristö on aavikko tai kuiva aro, tosin eräät kasvavat myös epifyytteinä sademetsien puissa. Kaktukset ovat kehittyneet todennäköisesti 30–40 miljoonaa vuotta sitten, jolloin Amerikka oli jo siinä määrin irtaantunut muista mantereista, etteivät ne enää levinneet Amerikan ulkopuolelle.
- Cactus est le nom usuel des plantes de la famille des Cactaceae. On les appelle également cactées. Ce sont presque toutes des plantes grasses ou plantes succulentes, c'est-à-dire des plantes xérophytes qui stockent dans leurs tissus des réserves de « suc » pour faire face aux longues périodes de sécheresse. Il ne faut pas confondre cactus et plante succulente : toutes les plantes succulentes ne sont pas des cactus. Ce sont des familles de plantes qui ont adopté les mêmes méthodes de lutte contre les périodes de sécheresse, comme les Asclepiadaceae ou les Crassulaceae. Certaines plantes de ces autres familles, par convergence des formes d'espèces soumises aux mêmes contraintes, ressemblent fortement aux cactus. C'est le cas par exemple des euphorbes cactiformes comme Euphorbia canariensis. Pour distinguer les vrais cactus des plantes qui leur ressemblent, il faut se reporter aux critères d'appartenance à la famille des Cactaceae. L'identification se fait par la présence d'aréoles, et, comme plus généralement en botanique, par les fleurs et les fruits. Les cactus couvrent un large éventail de formes et de tailles. On en trouve des sphériques, cylindriques, en forme de pilier, avec des feuilles pointues ou en forme de raquettes appelées cladodes… Le plus grand est Pachycereus pringlei, avec une taille mesurée de 19,2 m, le plus petit est Blossfeldia liliputiana, d’1 cm de diamètre à sa taille adulte.
- A kaktuszfélék (Cactaceae) családja mintegy 2000 fajt foglal magába. Fajai Amerika trópusi, szubtrópusi sivatagos vagy száraz hegyvidéki területeiről származnak. Pozsgás (törzsszukkulens) növények. A magkezdemény és a mag szerveződése, valamint a betalain vegyületek előfordulása alapján a Phytolaccaceae családdal állnak közelebbi rokonságban.
- Le Cactaceae (chiamate anche cactacee, più comunemente cactus e, più raramente e impropriamente cacti al plurale) sono una famiglia di piante succulente (piante xerofite, adattate agli ambienti aridi mediante l'accumulo di acqua all'interno di tessuti succulenti) che comprende circa 3000 specie e 120 generi. Sono per lo più utilizzate come piante ornamentali, ma alcune sono anche piante da raccolto. I cactus fanno parte dell'ordine delle Caryophyllales, che include anche altri membri, come le barbabietole, gli spinaci, l'amaranto, i garofani, il rabarbaro, il grano saraceno, il plumbago e la bougainvillea. Le cactaceae sono piante inusuali e facilmente identificabili che sono riuscite ad adattarsi ad ambienti estremamente aridi e caldi, sviluppando diverse caratteristiche fisiologiche e anatomiche per conservare l'acqua. I loro fusti si sono adattati diventando succulenti e fotosintetici, mentre le foglie, molto spesso, sono diventate le spine, una delle caratteristiche più distintive delle piante di questa famiglia. I cactus si presentano in forme e dimensioni molto diverse tra loro, da piccole e globose a grandi e colonnari. Il cactus più alto è il Pachycereus pringlei, con un'altezza massima registrata di 19,2 m, e il più piccolo è la Blossfeldia liliputana, che raggiunge 1 cm di diametro in piena maturazione. I fiori dei cactus sono grandi rispetto al fusto e alle foglie, ed esattamente come le spine e i rami, nascono dalle areole. Molte specie di cactus hanno la fioritura notturna, perché vengono impollinati da insetti notturni o da piccoli animali notturni, principalmente falene e pipistrelli.
- サボテン（シャボテン、仙人掌、覇王樹）はサボテン科に属する植物の総称である。その多くは多肉植物であるため、多肉植物の別名として使われることもあるが、サボテン科以外の多肉植物をサボテンと呼ぶのは誤りである。
- 선인장(仙人掌)은 석죽목 선인장과 식물의 통칭이다. 선인장은 다육 식물의 일종인데, 다육식물은 건조한 환경에 견디기 위해 수분을 저장하는 조직을 진화시킨 식물들을 말하며, 현재 전 세계에 약 8000종 이상이 보고되고 있다. 다육식물들 중에 아메리카 대륙의 한 무리의 식물들은 잎을 가시로 변화시키거나 퇴화시켜 건조에 특히 더 강하게 진화하였는데, 이를 선인장(仙人掌)이라 부른다. 선인장은 신선의 손바닥처럼 생겼다는 의미를 갖고 있으며, 제주도를 비롯하여 한국에 자생하는 선인장의 모습이 마치 손바닥처럼 생겼다 하여 붙여진 이름이다.
- Een cactus is een vetplant die behoort tot de familie Cactaceae. Afhankelijk van de taxonomische indeling worden tussen de 24 en 220 geslachten onderkend met rond de 90 geslachten als meest geaccepteerde aantal. Het totale aantal soorten cactussen ligt tussen de 1500 en 1800 verschillende soorten. Cactussen zijn een bekende familie van planten omdat ze als kamerplant makkelijk in leven te houden zijn en als decoratief worden gezien.
- Cereus Mammillaria Melocactus Opuntia |} Kaktusfamilien (Cactaceae) er en plantefamilie i ordenen Caryophyllales. Den omfatter 90 planteslekter. Kaktusfamilien er utbredt i varme, tørre strøk. Kaktuser er sukkulenter som lagrer vann i stammen eller røttene. Alle kaktuser er sukkulenter, men ikke alle sukkulenter er kaktuser. Det som først og fremst kjennetegner kaktuser er en sylindrisk, høy og grenete eller kort og kuleformet stengel. Kaktuser mangler blad. I stedet er stengelen kantet, ribbet og besatt med såkalte areoler, som er avrundete utvekster besatt med hår eller pigger. Plantenes størrelse og form varierer fra små piggeballer til trelignende stammer med høyde på over 3 meter. Kaktus er særlig utbredt i Amerika, men finnes også rundt Middelhavet og i Øst-Afrika. Fra arten Opuntia ficus-indica kommer den spiselige frukten kaktusfiken. Saften fra andre kaktustyper brukes som ingrediens i forskjellige sminke- og hudpleiemidler. Piggene som dekker kaktusens overflate beskytter den mot skader fra eventuelle tørste dyr som kan finne på å forsyne seg av vannlageret. De små og tildels mellomstore kaktusene er populære stueplanter, men tåler ikke overvanning. Kaktus dør av for mye vann. Det som skjer er at plantecellene trekker til seg vann til cellemembranene revner, og planten slutter å transportere vann fra røttene. Likevel vil celle etter celle bli smittet av naboen under, til hele planten er et vassent skinn. Om sommeren skal de vannes regelmessig, men tørke ut mellom hver vanning. Om vinteren kan de settes kjøligere (12 grader celsius), og da skal de praktisk talt ikke vannes, ihvertfall ikke på flere måneder. De fleste kaktuser er solelskere, og tåler tørr luft godt. De er derfor ypperlige stueplanter siden stueluften ofte er for tørr for de fleste planter, spesielt om vinteren da relativ luftfuktighet ofte synker på grunn av sentralfyring. Novemberkaktus innenfor Schlumbergera-slekten- og påskekaktus (Hatiora) er kaktuser fra de tropiske regnskogene i Sør-Amerika. Disse vokser som epifytter i trærne.
- Kaktusowate (Cactaceae Juss. , zwyczajowo nazywane kaktusami) – rodzina sukulentów łodygowych (wieloletnich, zielnych lub częściowo zdrewniałych) należąca do rzędu goździkowców. Należy do niej, w zależności od systemu klasyfikacyjnego, od 24 do 220 rodzajów, w tym od 1500 do 2000 gatunków. Występują głównie na kontynentach amerykańskich, skąd pochodzą. Przystosowane do suchych warunków, największe zróżnicowanie osiągają na terenach półpustynnych i górskich, choć są także rodzaje występujące w lasach deszczowych. Charakterystyczną cechą budowy roślin z tej rodziny jest posiadanie areoli nieobecnych u innych roślin oraz acykliczne lub spiralne ułożenie elementów kwiatu. Kaktusowate mają szereg zastosowań praktycznych, zwłaszcza wśród ludów tubylczych Ameryk. Na świecie zyskały popularność jako uprawne rośliny ozdobne i kolekcjonerskie. Niekontrolowany zbiór kaktusowatych spowodował zagrożenie dla trwałości naturalnych populacji wielu gatunków. Z tego powodu wiele z nich trafiło do Czerwonej Księgi Gatunków Zagrożonych i zostało objętych ochroną.
- Cactaceae é a família botânica representada pelos cactos, são aproximadamente 84 gêneros e 1.400 espécies nativas das Américas. São frequentemente usados como plantas ornamentais, mas alguns também na agricultura. São plantas pouco usuais, adaptadas a ambientes extremamente quentes ou áridos, apresentando ampla variação anatômica e capacidade fisiológica de conservar água. Apresentam uma modificação caulinar chamada de Cladódio. Seus caules expandiram-se em estruturas suculentas verdes perenes contendo a clorofila necessária para vida e crescimento, enquanto suas folhas transformaram-se nos espinhos pelos quais os cactos são bem conhecidos. Algumas espécies confundem-se com a família Euphorbiaceae. Os cactos existem em ampla variação de formatos e tamanhos. O mais alto é o Pachycereus pringlei, cuja altura máxima registrada foi 19,20 metros, e o menor é Blossfeldia liliputiana, com apenas cerca de 1 cm de diâmetro . As flores dos cactos são grandes, como os espinhos e ramos, brotam das areolas. Muitas espécies apresentam floração noturna já que são polinizadas por insetos ou pequenos animais noturnos, principalmente mariposas e morcegos. Os cactos variam de baixos e globulares a altos e colunares.
- Ка́ктусовые, или Ка́ктусы — семейство многолетних суккулентных цветковых растений из порядка Гвоздичноцветные. Разделяется на четыре подсемейства. Считается, что кактусы выделились эволюционно около 30—40 млн лет назад, когда Южная Америка и Африка были уже значительно разнесены друг от друга тектоническими процессами, но Северная Америка ещё не была соединена с Южной. Хотя ископаемых остатков кактусов на сегодняшний день не найдено, считается, что возникли они в Южной Америке и относительно недавно — 5—10 миллионов лет назад — распространились на северный континент.
- Kaktusväxter (Cactaceae) är en suckulent växtfamilj, vanligtvis taggiga, fröväxter som mer formellt även benämns kaktusar eller kaktéer. Det finns mellan 1500 och 2000 olika arter av kaktusväxter, även om det direkta antalet varierar beroende på vem som tillfrågas. Vissa fältstudier av dessa växter är mycket svåra, vilket beror på att de är svårtillgängliga samt växer i ogästvänlig terräng. International Cactaceae Systematics Group gör allt för att samordna dessa studier samt strävar efter att få en gemensam klassificering av denna familj.
- Кактусові (Cactaceae) — родина суккулентних рослин порядку гвоздикоцвітих (Caryophyllales). Поширені у пустелях, вирощуються як декоративні, зокрема кімнатні, та харчові рослини. Завдяки довгому корінню та товстим стеблам кактуси збирають вологу і здатні переживати великі посухи. Слово «кактус» походить від грец. Κακτος, яке в класичній грецькій мові використовувалося для позначення одного з видів реп'яху. Карл Лінней ввів це слово як ім'я роду Cactus в 1737 у своїй ранній роботі Hortus Cliffirtianus, швидше за все як скорочення від слова мелокактус, яке тоді широко використовувалося для позначення цих рослин. Сьогодні це слово в ботаніці використовується для імені родини Cactaceae — Кактусові.
- Họ Xương rồng thường là các loài cây mọng nước hai lá mầm và có hoa. Họ Cactaceae có từ 24 đến 220 chi, tùy theo nguồn (90 chi phổ biến nhất), trong đó có từ 1.500 đến 1.800 loài. Những cây xương rồng được biết đến như là có nguồn gốc từ châu Mỹ, nhất là ở những vùng sa mạc. Cũng có một số loại biểu sinh trong rừng nhiệt đới, những loại đó mọc trên những cành cây, vì ở đó mưa rơi xuống đất nhanh, cho nên ở đó thường xuyên bị khô. Cây xương rồng có gai và thân để chứa nước dự trữ. Xương rồng gần như là loại thực vật của Tân thế giới, ngoại trừ duy nhất là Rhipsalis baccifera, sinh trưởng chủ yếu ở vùng nhiệt đới của Cựu thế giới, chủ yếu ở vùng nhiệt đới châu Phi, Madagascar và Sri Lanka cũng như ở vùng nhiệt đới châu Mỹ. Loài này được cho là mới định cư gần đây ở Cựu thế giới (trong vài nghìn năm gần đây), có thể là do các loài chim di cư mang theo dưới dạng hạt không tiêu hóa được. Nhiều loài xương rồng khác đã thích hợp với môi trường sống mới trên các phần khác nhau của thế giới do sự đem theo của con người.
- 仙人掌是石竹目仙人掌科（學名：Cactaceae）的植物總稱，別名為仙巴掌、仙人扇、霸王樹、火焰、火掌、玉芙蓉、丸、仙肉、仙仙，常生長於沙漠等乾燥環境中，為多肉植物的一類。目前仙人掌科的植物將近有2000種。
- A cactus is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, within the order Caryophyllales. The word cactus derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek κάκτος (kaktos), a name originally used for a spiny plant whose identity is not certain. Cacti are native to the Americas, ranging from Patagonia in the south to parts of western Canada in the north—except for Rhipsalis baccifera, which also grows in Africa and Sri Lanka. Most cacti live in habitats subject to at least some drought. Many live in extremely dry environments, even being found in the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on earth. Cacti show many adaptations to conserve water. Most species of cacti have lost true leaves, retaining only spines, which are highly modified leaves. As well as defending against herbivores, spines help prevent water loss by reducing air flow close to the cactus and providing some shade. Cactus spines are produced from specialized structures called areoles, a kind of highly reduced branch. Areoles are an identifying feature of cacti. As well as spines, areoles give rise to flowers, which are usually tubular and multi-petaled. In the absence of leaves, enlarged stems carry out photosynthesis. Unlike many other succulents, the stem is the only part of most cacti where this vital process takes place. Cactus stems also store water, and are often ribbed or fluted, which allows them to expand and contract easily. Cacti come in a wide range of shapes and sizes. The tallest free-standing cactus is Pachycereus pringlei, with a maximum recorded height of 19.2 m (63 ft), and the smallest is Blossfeldia liliputiana, only about 1 cm (0.4 in) in diameter at maturity. The smaller cacti usually have globe-shaped stems, combining the highest possible volume with the lowest possible surface area. Many cacti have a short growing season and a long dormancy and are able to react quickly to any rainfall, helped by an extensive but relatively shallow root system. A fully grown saguaro is said to be able to absorb as much as 200 US gallons (760 l; 170 imp gal) of water during a rainstorm. Like other succulent plants, most cacti employ a special mechanism called "Crassulacean acid metabolism" (CAM) as part of photosynthesis. Transpiration, during which carbon dioxide enters the plant and water escapes, does not take place during the day at the same time as photosynthesis, but instead occurs at night. The plant stores the carbon dioxide it takes in as malic acid, retaining it until daylight returns and only then using it in photosynthesis. Because transpiration takes place during the cooler, more humid night hours, water loss is significantly reduced. A few species differ significantly in appearance from most of the family. At least superficially, plants of the genus Pereskia resemble other trees and shrubs that grow around them. They have persistent leaves, and when older, bark-covered stems. Their areoles identify them as cacti, and in spite of their appearance they too have many adaptations for water conservation. Pereskia is considered close to the ancestral species that all cacti evolved from. In tropical regions, other cacti grow as forest climbers and epiphytes (plants that grow on trees). Their stems are typically flattened, almost leaf-like in appearance, with fewer or even no spines, like the well known Christmas cactus or Thanksgiving cactus (in the genus Schlumbergera). Cacti have a variety of uses: many species are used as ornamental plants, others are grown for fodder or forage, others for food (particularly their fruit). Cochineal is the product of an insect that lives on some cacti.
- A cactus is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, within the order Caryophyllales. The word "cactus" derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek κάκτος (kaktos), a name originally used for a spiny plant whose identity is not certain. Cacti are native to the Americas, ranging from Patagonia in the south to parts of western Canada in the north—except for Rhipsalis baccifera, which also grows in Africa and Sri Lanka. Most cacti live in habitats subject to at least some drought. Many live in extremely dry environments, even being found in the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on earth. Cacti show many adaptations to conserve water. Most species of cacti have lost true leaves, retaining only spines, which are highly modified leaves. As well as defending against herbivores, spines help prevent water loss by reducing air flow close to the cactus and providing some shade. Cactus spines are produced from specialized structures called areoles, a kind of highly reduced branch. Areoles are an identifying feature of cacti. As well as spines, areoles give rise to flowers, which are usually tubular and multipetaled. In the absence of leaves, enlarged stems carry out photosynthesis. Unlike many other succulents, the stem is the only part of most cacti where this vital process takes place. Cactus stems also store water, and are often ribbed or fluted, which allows them to expand and contract easily. Cacti occur in a wide range of shapes and sizes. The tallest free-standing cactus is Pachycereus pringlei, with a maximum recorded height of 19.2 m (63 ft), and the smallest is Blossfeldia liliputiana, only about 1 cm (0.4 in) in diameter at maturity. The smaller cacti usually have globe-shaped stems, combining the highest possible volume with the lowest possible surface area. Many cacti have short growing seasons and long dormancies, and are able to react quickly to any rainfall, helped by an extensive but relatively shallow root system. A fully grown saguaro is said to be able to absorb as much as 200 US gallons (760 l; 170 imp gal) of water during a rainstorm. Like other succulent plants, most cacti employ a special mechanism called "crassulacean acid metabolism" (CAM) as part of photosynthesis. Transpiration, during which carbon dioxide enters the plant and water escapes, does not take place during the day at the same time as photosynthesis, but instead occurs at night. The plant stores the carbon dioxide it takes in as malic acid, retaining it until daylight returns, and only then using it in photosynthesis. Because transpiration takes place during the cooler, more humid night hours, water loss is significantly reduced. A few species differ significantly in appearance from most of the family. At least superficially, plants of the genus Pereskia resemble other trees and shrubs growing around them. They have persistent leaves, and when older, bark-covered stems. Their areoles identify them as cacti, and in spite of their appearance, they, too, have many adaptations for water conservation. Pereskia is considered close to the ancestral species from which all cacti evolved. In tropical regions, other cacti grow as forest climbers and epiphytes (plants that grow on trees). Their stems are typically flattened, almost leaf-like in appearance, with fewer or even no spines, such as the well-known Christmas cactus or Thanksgiving cactus (in the genus Schlumbergera). Cacti have a variety of uses: many species are used as ornamental plants, others are grown for fodder or forage, and others for food (particularly their fruit). Cochineal is the product of an insect that lives on some cacti.
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- Les cactàcies (Cactaceae) són una família de plantes amb flor que popularment s'anomenen cactus. Hi ha unes dues mil espècies de cactàcies que viuen principalment en climes desèrtics o subdesèrtics (amb lleugera pluja estacional). Les cactàcies són originàries quasi exclusivament d'Amèrica. L'única excepció és la planta anomenada Rhipsalis baccifera que a més d'Amèrica també es troba a l'Àfrica Tropical, Madagascar i Sri Lanka (probablement transportada allà per ocells migratoris).
- Kaktusovité (Cactaceae) je čeleď sukulentních, xerofytních bylin, které pocházejí ze Severní a Jižní Ameriky, ale člověk se zasloužil o jejich rozšíření i na další místa jako je středomoří či Afrika. Slovo kaktus pochází z řeckého Κακτος tj. kaktus, které označovalo druh bodláku.
- Die Kakteengewächse (Cactaceae) oder kurz Kakteen sind eine Familie in der Ordnung Nelkenartigen (Caryophyllales) innerhalb der Bedecktsamigen Pflanzen (Magnoliopsida).
- A cactus is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, within the order Caryophyllales. The word cactus is derived through Latin from the Ancient Greek κάκτος (kaktos), a name originally used for a spiny plant whose identity is not certain. Cacti are native to the Americas, ranging from Patagonia in the south to parts of western Canada in the north. There is only one exception, Rhipsalis baccifera, which is also found in Africa and Sri Lanka.
- Las cactáceas (Cactaceae) son una familia de plantas suculentas y, en gran mayoría, espinosas, conocidas en conjunto como cactus o cactos. Esta familia es prácticamente exclusiva de América, lo que significa que son endémicas del continente americano y las Antillas. Sin embargo, hay una excepción, Rhipsalis baccifera, que está extendida en África tropical, Madagascar y Ceilán.
- Kaktuskasvit eli kaktukset (Cactaceae) ovat kaksisirkkaisten kasvien heimo, jonka 1500–1800 lajia ovat pääasiassa piikikkäitä mehikasveja. Sukuja on tulkinnasta riippuen 24–220, joskin noin 90 on laajimmin hyväksytty määrä. Kaktukset kasvavat alkuperäisenä vain Amerikan mantereella; merkittävä poikkeus on kuitenkin Rhipsalis baccifera, joka on viimeisten muutaman tuhannen vuoden aikana levinnyt trooppiseen Afrikkaan, Madagaskarille ja Sri Lankaan todennäköisesti muuttolintujen mukana.
- Cactus est le nom usuel des plantes de la famille des Cactaceae. On les appelle également cactées. Ce sont presque toutes des plantes grasses ou plantes succulentes, c'est-à-dire des plantes xérophytes qui stockent dans leurs tissus des réserves de « suc » pour faire face aux longues périodes de sécheresse. Il ne faut pas confondre cactus et plante succulente : toutes les plantes succulentes ne sont pas des cactus.
- A kaktuszfélék (Cactaceae) családja mintegy 2000 fajt foglal magába. Fajai Amerika trópusi, szubtrópusi sivatagos vagy száraz hegyvidéki területeiről származnak. Pozsgás (törzsszukkulens) növények. A magkezdemény és a mag szerveződése, valamint a betalain vegyületek előfordulása alapján a Phytolaccaceae családdal állnak közelebbi rokonságban.
- Le Cactaceae (chiamate anche cactacee, più comunemente cactus e, più raramente e impropriamente cacti al plurale) sono una famiglia di piante succulente (piante xerofite, adattate agli ambienti aridi mediante l'accumulo di acqua all'interno di tessuti succulenti) che comprende circa 3000 specie e 120 generi. Sono per lo più utilizzate come piante ornamentali, ma alcune sono anche piante da raccolto.
- サボテン（シャボテン、仙人掌、覇王樹）はサボテン科に属する植物の総称である。その多くは多肉植物であるため、多肉植物の別名として使われることもあるが、サボテン科以外の多肉植物をサボテンと呼ぶのは誤りである。
- 선인장(仙人掌)은 석죽목 선인장과 식물의 통칭이다. 선인장은 다육 식물의 일종인데, 다육식물은 건조한 환경에 견디기 위해 수분을 저장하는 조직을 진화시킨 식물들을 말하며, 현재 전 세계에 약 8000종 이상이 보고되고 있다. 다육식물들 중에 아메리카 대륙의 한 무리의 식물들은 잎을 가시로 변화시키거나 퇴화시켜 건조에 특히 더 강하게 진화하였는데, 이를 선인장(仙人掌)이라 부른다. 선인장은 신선의 손바닥처럼 생겼다는 의미를 갖고 있으며, 제주도를 비롯하여 한국에 자생하는 선인장의 모습이 마치 손바닥처럼 생겼다 하여 붙여진 이름이다.
- Een cactus is een vetplant die behoort tot de familie Cactaceae. Afhankelijk van de taxonomische indeling worden tussen de 24 en 220 geslachten onderkend met rond de 90 geslachten als meest geaccepteerde aantal. Het totale aantal soorten cactussen ligt tussen de 1500 en 1800 verschillende soorten. Cactussen zijn een bekende familie van planten omdat ze als kamerplant makkelijk in leven te houden zijn en als decoratief worden gezien.
- Cereus Mammillaria Melocactus Opuntia |} Kaktusfamilien (Cactaceae) er en plantefamilie i ordenen Caryophyllales. Den omfatter 90 planteslekter. Kaktusfamilien er utbredt i varme, tørre strøk. Kaktuser er sukkulenter som lagrer vann i stammen eller røttene. Alle kaktuser er sukkulenter, men ikke alle sukkulenter er kaktuser. Det som først og fremst kjennetegner kaktuser er en sylindrisk, høy og grenete eller kort og kuleformet stengel. Kaktuser mangler blad.
- Kaktusowate (Cactaceae Juss. , zwyczajowo nazywane kaktusami) – rodzina sukulentów łodygowych (wieloletnich, zielnych lub częściowo zdrewniałych) należąca do rzędu goździkowców. Należy do niej, w zależności od systemu klasyfikacyjnego, od 24 do 220 rodzajów, w tym od 1500 do 2000 gatunków. Występują głównie na kontynentach amerykańskich, skąd pochodzą.
- Cactaceae é a família botânica representada pelos cactos, são aproximadamente 84 gêneros e 1.400 espécies nativas das Américas. São frequentemente usados como plantas ornamentais, mas alguns também na agricultura. São plantas pouco usuais, adaptadas a ambientes extremamente quentes ou áridos, apresentando ampla variação anatômica e capacidade fisiológica de conservar água. Apresentam uma modificação caulinar chamada de Cladódio.
- Ка́ктусовые, или Ка́ктусы — семейство многолетних суккулентных цветковых растений из порядка Гвоздичноцветные. Разделяется на четыре подсемейства. Считается, что кактусы выделились эволюционно около 30—40 млн лет назад, когда Южная Америка и Африка были уже значительно разнесены друг от друга тектоническими процессами, но Северная Америка ещё не была соединена с Южной.
- Kaktusväxter (Cactaceae) är en suckulent växtfamilj, vanligtvis taggiga, fröväxter som mer formellt även benämns kaktusar eller kaktéer. Det finns mellan 1500 och 2000 olika arter av kaktusväxter, även om det direkta antalet varierar beroende på vem som tillfrågas. Vissa fältstudier av dessa växter är mycket svåra, vilket beror på att de är svårtillgängliga samt växer i ogästvänlig terräng.
- Кактусові (Cactaceae) — родина суккулентних рослин порядку гвоздикоцвітих (Caryophyllales). Поширені у пустелях, вирощуються як декоративні, зокрема кімнатні, та харчові рослини. Завдяки довгому корінню та товстим стеблам кактуси збирають вологу і здатні переживати великі посухи. Слово «кактус» походить від грец. Κακτος, яке в класичній грецькій мові використовувалося для позначення одного з видів реп'яху.
- Họ Xương rồng thường là các loài cây mọng nước hai lá mầm và có hoa. Họ Cactaceae có từ 24 đến 220 chi, tùy theo nguồn (90 chi phổ biến nhất), trong đó có từ 1.500 đến 1.800 loài. Những cây xương rồng được biết đến như là có nguồn gốc từ châu Mỹ, nhất là ở những vùng sa mạc. Cũng có một số loại biểu sinh trong rừng nhiệt đới, những loại đó mọc trên những cành cây, vì ở đó mưa rơi xuống đất nhanh, cho nên ở đó thường xuyên bị khô. Cây xương rồng có gai và thân để chứa nước dự trữ.
- 仙人掌是石竹目仙人掌科（學名：Cactaceae）的植物總稱，別名為仙巴掌、仙人扇、霸王樹、火焰、火掌、玉芙蓉、丸、仙肉、仙仙，常生長於沙漠等乾燥環境中，為多肉植物的一類。目前仙人掌科的植物將近有2000種。
- A cactus is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, within the order Caryophyllales. The word "cactus" derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek κάκτος (kaktos), a name originally used for a spiny plant whose identity is not certain. Cacti are native to the Americas, ranging from Patagonia in the south to parts of western Canada in the north—except for Rhipsalis baccifera, which also grows in Africa and Sri Lanka. Most cacti live in habitats subject to at least some drought.
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