Bumin Qaghan or Illig Qaghan was the founder of the Turkic Khaganate. He was the eldest son of Ashina Tuwu (吐務 / 吐务) He was the chieftain of the Turkic people who was so-called "blacksmith slave" under the sovereignty of Rouran Khaganate. He is also mentioned as "Tumen" of the Rouran Khaganate. According to History of Northern Dynasties and Zizhi Tongjian, in 545 Tumen's tribe started to rise and frequently invaded the western frontier of Wei.
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- Bumin Qaghan or Illig Qaghan was the founder of the Turkic Khaganate. He was the eldest son of Ashina Tuwu (吐務 / 吐务) He was the chieftain of the Turkic people who was so-called "blacksmith slave" under the sovereignty of Rouran Khaganate. He is also mentioned as "Tumen" of the Rouran Khaganate. According to History of Northern Dynasties and Zizhi Tongjian, in 545 Tumen's tribe started to rise and frequently invaded the western frontier of Wei. The chancellor of Western Wei Yuwen Tai sent An Nuopanto to Kök Türks to greet its chieftain Tumen to try to establish commercial relationship. In 546, Tumen presented tribute to Western Wei. And in the same year he put down a revolt of the Tiele tribes against their overlords the Rouran Khaganate. He took advantage of this success and requested a Rouran princess in marriage. But the qaghan of Rouran Anagui refused this request and sent to Bumin a mission and message: You are my blacksmith slave. How dare you utter these words?. Bumin got angry and killed Anagui's mission and cut all relationship with Rouran Khaganate. Anagui's "blacksmith" insult was recorded in Chinese chronicles and historians accepted that the Kök Türks were indeed blacksmith servants for the Rouran elite, and that "blacksmith slavery" may indicate a kind of vassalage system prevailed in Rouran society. Nevertheless, after this incident Bumin emerged as the leader of the revolt against Rouran. In 551, Bumin requested a Western Wei princess in marriage. Yuwen Tai permitted it and sent Princess Changle of Western Wei to Bumin. In the same year when Emperor Wen of Western Wei died Bumin sent mission and gave two hundred horses. The beginning of formal diplomatic relations with China propped up Bumin's authority among the Turks. He eventually united the local Turkic tribes and threw off the yoke of the Rouran domination. In 552 Bumin's army defeated Anagui's forces at the north of Huaihuang and then Anagui committed suicide. With their defeat Bumin proclaimed himself "Illig Qaghan" and made his wife qaghatun. According to the Bilge Qaghan's memorial conplex and the Kul Tigin's memorial conplex, Bumin and Istemi ruled people by Turkic laws and they developed them. Bumin died within several months after proclaiming himself Illig Qaghan. He was succeeded by his younger brother Istemi in the western part and by his son Issik Qaghan in the eastern part. In less than one century, his khaganate expanded to comprise most of Central Asia. There was a large influx of Sogdian refugees to his territory because of the persecution of the Zurvanites by Shah Anushirvan Khorasau I.
- Bumın Kagan war der Begründer des ersten türkischen Reiches in der Geschichte, des Göktürkischen Reiches. Bis zur Entdeckung der Orchon-Runen (1889) und der Entzifferung der Schriften auf ihnen (1893) durch den dänischen Philologen Vilhelm Thomsen war Bumın Kagan nur unter seinem chinesischen Namen 土門 (T'u-men) bekannt, wie er in chinesischen Quellen genannt wurde.
- Bumin Khan fue el fundador del imperio de los Köktürks. En los textos Chinos aparece mencionado como Tumen Bumin que significa "nube de humo". No se sabe gran cosa acerca de este personaje y la mayor parte de las informaciones que se tienen al respecto provienen de las leyendas según las cuales habría conseguido reunir, bajo su mandato, a todos los pueblos turcos que vivían en el valle mítico de Ergenikon, en los montes Altaï En 542 se puso al frente de las tribus Tieli, sublevadas contra sus señores Rouran. Para acabar con las mismas pidió la mano de una princesa rouran, pero no le fue concedida. Después se puso en contacto con el reino chino de Wei. Se conserva el documento de una misión diplomática llevada a cabo por un emisario sogdiano, An Nopantuo, que firmó una alianza entre Bumin y los Wei concertando el matrimonio entre éste y la princesa Wei Chang’le, en 545. Tras anunciar su alianza con la China se aprovechó de la credibilidad que esto le otorgaba para unir a las tribus turcas y derrotar a los rouran. Su victoria le permitió proclamarse Il-Khagan (gran rey) de los Köktürks en el monte sagrado de Ótüuken. En un siglo los Köktürks constituyeron un inmenso imperio en Asia Central, pero Bumin murió el mismo año en el que había fundado su Estado.
- 伊利可汗（いりかがん、拼音：Yīlìkĕhàn、? - 552年）は、突厥の土門（トメン、ブミン：万人長）で、初代可汗。大葉護吐務の子。伊利可汗（イリグカガン：Ilig-qaγan）というのは可汗号で、姓は阿史那氏、名は不明（ここでは便宜上、土門とする）。『新唐書』では吐門と表記。
- 土门（Bumin或Tumen）（？-553年），突厥可汗，汗国的创立者，阿史那氏，称伊利可汗。 突厥部落早年游牧在阿尔泰山一带，从属于柔然。土门即位后，大力从事东西方的贸易，实力渐强。542年打败鉄勒，西魏大统十一年（545年），首次遣使访问突厥部落，标志着中国中原王朝已承认突厥为独立势力。546年，铁勒部落东征柔然。土门于中途邀击之，大胜，收降铁勒部众5万余户，遂有自立之意，要求柔然阿那瑰可汗将公主下嫁，阿那瑰大怒而拒，辱突厥为柔然“锻奴”。土门亦怒，杀突厥使者，遣使向西魏求婚，并和波斯萨珊王朝通好。547年，西魏将长乐公主嫁与土门。 552年，土门起兵东征，留其弟室点密守卫突厥故地。在怀荒镇以北击败阿那瑰，杀之。土门遂自称伊利可汗，建立突厥汗国，成为蒙古高原新主，不久病逝。
- Бумы́н каган (Тумын Или-кэхань китайских исторических сочинений) — основатель Тюркского каганата. Вождь племени Ашина.
- Bumin est né vers 490 et est peut-être mort le 12 mars 554. Il est le fondateur de l'empire des Köktürks. Dans les textes chinois, il est mentionné sous le nom de Tumen. Bumin signifie « nuage de fumée ». On ne sait pas grand chose de lui, et la plupart des informations à son sujet proviennent de légendes, selon lesquelles il aurait rassemblé sous son autorité des populations turques vivant dans la vallée mythique d'Ergenikon, dans les monts Altaï.
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- Qaghan of the Turkic Khaganate
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- Statue of an imagined depiction of Bumin Qaghan, photo is taken in Söğüt, Turkey.
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- Bumin
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- Bumın Kagan war der Begründer des ersten türkischen Reiches in der Geschichte, des Göktürkischen Reiches. Bis zur Entdeckung der Orchon-Runen (1889) und der Entzifferung der Schriften auf ihnen (1893) durch den dänischen Philologen Vilhelm Thomsen war Bumın Kagan nur unter seinem chinesischen Namen 土門 (T'u-men) bekannt, wie er in chinesischen Quellen genannt wurde.
- 伊利可汗（いりかがん、拼音：Yīlìkĕhàn、? - 552年）は、突厥の土門（トメン、ブミン：万人長）で、初代可汗。大葉護吐務の子。伊利可汗（イリグカガン：Ilig-qaγan）というのは可汗号で、姓は阿史那氏、名は不明（ここでは便宜上、土門とする）。『新唐書』では吐門と表記。
- 土门（Bumin或Tumen）（？-553年），突厥可汗，汗国的创立者，阿史那氏，称伊利可汗。 突厥部落早年游牧在阿尔泰山一带，从属于柔然。土门即位后，大力从事东西方的贸易，实力渐强。542年打败鉄勒，西魏大统十一年（545年），首次遣使访问突厥部落，标志着中国中原王朝已承认突厥为独立势力。546年，铁勒部落东征柔然。土门于中途邀击之，大胜，收降铁勒部众5万余户，遂有自立之意，要求柔然阿那瑰可汗将公主下嫁，阿那瑰大怒而拒，辱突厥为柔然“锻奴”。土门亦怒，杀突厥使者，遣使向西魏求婚，并和波斯萨珊王朝通好。547年，西魏将长乐公主嫁与土门。 552年，土门起兵东征，留其弟室点密守卫突厥故地。在怀荒镇以北击败阿那瑰，杀之。土门遂自称伊利可汗，建立突厥汗国，成为蒙古高原新主，不久病逝。
- Бумы́н каган (Тумын Или-кэхань китайских исторических сочинений) — основатель Тюркского каганата. Вождь племени Ашина.
- Bumin Qaghan or Illig Qaghan was the founder of the Turkic Khaganate. He was the eldest son of Ashina Tuwu (吐務 / 吐务) He was the chieftain of the Turkic people who was so-called "blacksmith slave" under the sovereignty of Rouran Khaganate. He is also mentioned as "Tumen" of the Rouran Khaganate. According to History of Northern Dynasties and Zizhi Tongjian, in 545 Tumen's tribe started to rise and frequently invaded the western frontier of Wei.
- Bumin Khan fue el fundador del imperio de los Köktürks. En los textos Chinos aparece mencionado como Tumen Bumin que significa "nube de humo".
- Bumin est né vers 490 et est peut-être mort le 12 mars 554. Il est le fondateur de l'empire des Köktürks. Dans les textes chinois, il est mentionné sous le nom de Tumen. Bumin signifie « nuage de fumée ». On ne sait pas grand chose de lui, et la plupart des informations à son sujet proviennent de légendes, selon lesquelles il aurait rassemblé sous son autorité des populations turques vivant dans la vallée mythique d'Ergenikon, dans les monts Altaï.
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- Bumın Kagan
- Bumin
- Bumin
- 伊利可汗
- 土门
- Бумын-каган
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