| dbpedia-owl:abstract
|
- Ber Borochov war Sozialist und Zionist, Vordenker der jüdischen Arbeiterbewegung und Mitbegründer des Weltverbandes der Poale Zion, der jüdischen Arbeiterpartei innerhalb der zionistischen Bewegung. Darüber hinaus war er einer der ersten jiddischen Linguisten. Er besuchte eine russische Schule und begeisterte sich für die sozialistischen Ideen seiner Zeit. Wie die meisten jüdischen Gymnasialabsolventen hatte auch er keine Möglichkeit, an einer russischen Universität zu studieren und war deshalb auf vielen Gebieten ein Autodidakt. Er sprach mehrere Sprachen. 1901 gründete er in Russland die Zionistische Sozialistische Arbeiterunion. Während der Auseinandersetzungen um den Uganda-Plan schloss sich Borochov der Meinung Menachem Ussishkins an, der jedes andere Territorium als Eretz Israel ablehnte. Am siebten Zionistenkongress 1905 leitete er den Teil der Poalei Zion-Delegierten, der sich gegen Uganda aussprach. Am achten Kongress, zwei Jahre später, förderte er den Rückzug der russischen Poalei-Zion aus der Zionistischen Organisation. Von nun an bis zum Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkriegs warb Borochov in Mittel- und Westeuropa für die Ziele der Poalei-Zion-Weltunion. 1914 kam Borochov in die USA und wurde Sprecher der amerikanischen Poalei Zion, des Jüdischen Weltkongresses und des American Jewish Congress. Hier gab er auch die jiddische Zeitung Di Warheit (New York) heraus. Vor der Oktoberrevolution kehrte er nach Russland zurück. 1917 agitierte er für die Gründung palästinischer Siedlungen nach sozialistischem Muster. Er starb während einer Vortragsreise in Kiew. 1963 wurden seine sterblichen Überreste auf dem Friedhof des Kibbutz Kinneret neben den anderen Gründern des sozialistischen Zionismus bestattet. Ber Borochov war ein produktiver Schriftsteller und brillanter Analytiker. Sein Werk behandelt eine große Vielfalt an Themen über jüdische Geschichte, Wirtschaft, Sprache, Kultur, Politik usw. Als wichtigsten theoretischen Beitrag sieht man die bei ihm möglich gewordene Synthese von Klassenkampf und Nationalismus zu einer Zeit, als der Marxismus jeden Nationalismus verwarf, vor allem den jüdischen. Er trug auch zur russischen Jüdischen Enzyklopädie bei und fertigte eine jiddische Bibliographie an.
- Dov Ber Borojov fue uno de los fundadores del sionismo socialista y su principal ideólogo.
- Dov Ber Borochov era un sionista marxista e uno dei fondatori del movimento sionista socialista, ma anche pioniere nello studio dello yiddish come lingua. Era nato nella città di Zolotonoša sotto l'Impero Russo. Da adulto aveva aderito al Partito Operaio Socialdemocratico Russo ma era stato espulso per il suo credo sionista. Conseguentemente collaborò alla formazione del partito Poale Zion e dedicò la sua vita a promuovere il partito in Russia, in Europa e in America. Quando i socialdemocratici russi giunsero al potere, Borochov tornò in Russia nel marzo del 1917 per guidare il Poale Zion e organizzare le brigate ebraiche per Armata Rossa. Si ammalò e morì di polmonite il 17 dicembre 1917.
- Dow Ber Borochow – ukraińsko-żydowski ideolog i przywódca socjalistyczno-syjonistyczny. Przez długi czas lider ugrupowania Poalej Syjon. Jego myśl opierała się na próbie połączenia podstawowych wartości marksistowskiego socjalizmu i syjonizmu. Borochow uznawał dążenia emancypacyjne Żydów wschodnioeuropejskich za pożądane, jednocześnie wskazując na konieczność utworzenia państwa żydowskiego w Palestynie (będącego wyrazicielem dążeń proletariatu żydowskiego). Jego ideologia wywarła duży wpływ na lewicowe ruchy żydowskie w Europie i Stanach Zjednoczonych.
- Dov Ber Borochov (July 4, 1881 – December 17, 1917) was a Marxist Zionist and one of the founders of the Labor Zionist movement as well as a pioneer in the study of Yiddish as a language. He was born in the town of Zolotonosha, Russian Empire. As an adult he joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party but was expelled for his Zionist beliefs. Subsequently, he helped form the Poale Zion party and devoted his life to promoting the party in Russia, Europe, and America. When the Russian social democrats came to power, Borochov returned to Russia in March 1917 to lead the Poale Zion and organize Jewish brigades for the Red Army. He became ill and died there of pneumonia in December 1917. Borochov became highly influential in the Zionist movement because he explained nationalism in general, and Jewish Nationalism in particular in terms of Marxist class struggle and dialectical materialism. Borochov predicted, correctly, that nationalist forces would be more important in determining events than economic and class considerations, especially as concerned the Jews. Borochov argued that the class structure of European Jews resembled an inverted class pyramid where few Jews occupied the productive layers of society as workers. The Jews would migrate from country to country as they were forced out of their chosen professions by a "stychic process" which would ultimately force migration to Palestine, where they would form a proletarian basis in order to carry out Marxist class struggle. A key part of Borochovian ideology was that the Arab and Jewish working classes had a common proletarian interest and would participate in the class struggle together once Jews had returned to Palestine. In his last recorded speech, he said: Many point out the obstacles which we encounter in our colonization work. Some say that the Turkish law hinders our work, others contend that Palestine is insignificantly small, and still others charge us with the odious crime of wishing to oppress and expel the Arabs from Palestine... When the waste lands are prepared for colonization, when modern technique is introduced, and when the other obstacles are removed, there will be sufficient land to accommodate both the Jews and the Arabs. Normal relations between the Jews and Arabs will and must prevail. " Eretz Yisrael in our Program and Tactics by Ber Borochov, 1917 Borochov, along with Nahum Syrkin is considered a father of socialist Zionism. Borochov's ideas were influential in convincing Jewish youth from Europe to move to Palestine. However, Borochov's theories remained most influential in Eastern Europe, where they formed the basis of the Left Poale Zion movement which was active in Poland during the interwar years. Indeed, Borochov's vision of class struggle in Palestine was widely viewed as untenable by the 1910s, with Jewish migrants to Palestine struggling to establish an economic foothold and with interclass cooperation seemingly necessary, and his theories dimmed in popularity there. Borochov, for years an advocate for a doctrinaire Marxist Zionism, himself seemed to repudiate his former vision of class struggle in Palestine in speeches towards the end of his life. Borochov insisted that he was a Social Democrat, but Borochov's Left Poale Zion followers continued to vigorously advocate class struggle both in Palestine and eastern Europe, supporting the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 - Borochov himself returned to Russia for that purpose. The Poale Zion movement split into left and right factions, which have evolved into the modern Israeli political parties of Mapam and the Israeli Labor Party respectively. The European branch of the Left Poale Zion movement was effectively destroyed by the early 1950s; many of its members were killed by the Nazis during World War II, and the surviving activists were persecuted and ultimately outlawed under the various post-war Communist regimes. While most Zionists regarded Yiddish as a derivative language characteristic of the Jewish Diaspora and to be abandoned by the Jewish people in favor of Hebrew, Borochov was a committed Yiddishist and Yiddish philologist and wrote extensively on the importance of the language. He is considered the founder of modern Yiddish studies. Borochov’s contributions were recognized in various ways by the early Jewish settlement in Palestine. For example, the first workers' neighborhood in the country, in what later became the city of Giv'atayim, was named after Borochov.
- Fichier:Ber Borochov. jpg Ber Borochov Dov-Ber Borochov (דב בר בורוכוב), né le Modèle:Date à Zolotonocha en Ukraine et mort le Modèle:Date, fut un penseur, un écrivain, un linguiste et un chercheur dans les domaines du yiddish et de l'histoire du peuple juif. Il est membre actif du mouvement Poale sion, et voit dans l'implantation en Terre d'Israël, la solution aux problèmes du prolétariat juif, tout en continuant la lutte pour les revendications du prolétariat mondial. Dov-Ber Borochov naît dans l'Empire russe en 1881. Lors de la proposition du projet Ouganda, Borochov défend le camp des inconditionnels de la Terre d'Israël. Puis en 1917, il est arrêté pour ses activités par les autorités russes. Dov-Ber Borochov meurt peu de temps après sa libération, à l'âge de 36 ans. En 1963, sa tombe est transférée au cimetière de Kinéret.
|
| rdfs:comment
|
- Dov Ber Borojov fue uno de los fundadores del sionismo socialista y su principal ideólogo.
- Ber Borochov war Sozialist und Zionist, Vordenker der jüdischen Arbeiterbewegung und Mitbegründer des Weltverbandes der Poale Zion, der jüdischen Arbeiterpartei innerhalb der zionistischen Bewegung. Darüber hinaus war er einer der ersten jiddischen Linguisten. Er besuchte eine russische Schule und begeisterte sich für die sozialistischen Ideen seiner Zeit.
- Dov Ber Borochov era un sionista marxista e uno dei fondatori del movimento sionista socialista, ma anche pioniere nello studio dello yiddish come lingua. Era nato nella città di Zolotonoša sotto l'Impero Russo. Da adulto aveva aderito al Partito Operaio Socialdemocratico Russo ma era stato espulso per il suo credo sionista. Conseguentemente collaborò alla formazione del partito Poale Zion e dedicò la sua vita a promuovere il partito in Russia, in Europa e in America.
- Dow Ber Borochow – ukraińsko-żydowski ideolog i przywódca socjalistyczno-syjonistyczny. Przez długi czas lider ugrupowania Poalej Syjon. Jego myśl opierała się na próbie połączenia podstawowych wartości marksistowskiego socjalizmu i syjonizmu. Borochow uznawał dążenia emancypacyjne Żydów wschodnioeuropejskich za pożądane, jednocześnie wskazując na konieczność utworzenia państwa żydowskiego w Palestynie (będącego wyrazicielem dążeń proletariatu żydowskiego).
- Dov Ber Borochov (July 4, 1881 – December 17, 1917) was a Marxist Zionist and one of the founders of the Labor Zionist movement as well as a pioneer in the study of Yiddish as a language. He was born in the town of Zolotonosha, Russian Empire. As an adult he joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party but was expelled for his Zionist beliefs. Subsequently, he helped form the Poale Zion party and devoted his life to promoting the party in Russia, Europe, and America.
- Fichier:Ber Borochov. jpg Ber Borochov Dov-Ber Borochov (דב בר בורוכוב), né le Modèle:Date à Zolotonocha en Ukraine et mort le Modèle:Date, fut un penseur, un écrivain, un linguiste et un chercheur dans les domaines du yiddish et de l'histoire du peuple juif. Il est membre actif du mouvement Poale sion, et voit dans l'implantation en Terre d'Israël, la solution aux problèmes du prolétariat juif, tout en continuant la lutte pour les revendications du prolétariat mondial.
|
