The Battle of Graus was a battle of the Reconquista, traditionally said to have taken place on 8 May 1063. Antonio Ubieto Arteta, in his Historia de Aragón, re-dated the battle to 1069. The late twelfth-century Chronica naierensis dates the encounter to 1070. Either in or as a result of the battle, Ramiro I of Aragon, one of the protagonists, died.
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- Castilian–Zaragozan victory
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- The Battle of Graus was a battle of the Reconquista, traditionally said to have taken place on 8 May 1063. Antonio Ubieto Arteta, in his Historia de Aragón, re-dated the battle to 1069. The late twelfth-century Chronica naierensis dates the encounter to 1070. Either in or as a result of the battle, Ramiro I of Aragon, one of the protagonists, died. Ramiro's first attempt to take Graus, the northernmost Muslim outpost in the valley of the Cinca, took place in 1055, probably in response to the defeat of García Sánchez III of Navarre at Atapuerca the year before (1054), which placed Ferdinand I of León and Castile in a commanding position against Ramiro's western border and the Muslim Taifa of Zaragoza to his south. His first expedition against Graus failed, and in 1059 Ferdinand succeeded in extorting parias (tribute) from Zaragoza. Ramiro marched on Graus again in the spring of 1063, but this time the Zaragozans had with them 300 Castilian knights under the infante Sancho the Strong and (possibly) his general Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, better known as El Cid. The presence of the Cid at the battle is based on a single source, the generally reliable Historia Roderici, which alleges that he was the alférez of Sancho at the time. Considering the rarity of the Cid's name in the documents of the early 1060s, this is unlikely. The circumstances of the actual battle are obscure. Reinhart Dozy argued that Ramiro survived four months after the battle and that neither the Cid nor Sancho took any part in it. The Fragmentum historicum ex cartulario Alaonis records only that occisus est a mauris in bello apud Gradus (he was killed by the Moors in war near Graus), with no mentinon of the Castilians. The aforementioned Chronica naierensis contains an account generally, though not universally, regarded as a legend: that Sancho Garcés, an illegitimate son of García Sánchez III of Navarre, eloped with the daughter of García's wife, Stephanie (probably by an earlier marriage), who was the fiancée of the Castilian infante Sancho, and that he sought refuge at the court first of Zaragoza, then later of Aragon. Sancho, to avenge the disruption of his marriage plans, marched against Ramiro and Zaragoza, and Ramiro died in the encounter near "the place called Graus" (loco qui Gradus dicitur) in 1064 or 1070. According to the Arabic historian al-Turtūshī, Ramiro (misidentified as "Ibn Rudmīr", the son of Ramiro) was assassinated by a Muslim soldier who spoke the Christians' language and infiltrated the Aragonese camp. Charles Bishko, summarising the position of Pierre Boissonnade, explains how the battle of Graus gave impetus to the War of Barbastro of the next year: . . . the expedition against Barbastro is above all a French crusade, inspired by Cluny and launched through Cluny's persuasion by the papacy of Alexander II, the purpose of which is to preserve a hard-pressed Aragonese kingdom from imminent invasion and possible destruction at the hands of the Muslims, following Ramiro I's shattering defeat and death at Graus on 8 May 1063. Graus, in this Hispanic prelude to the Palestinian gesta Dei per Francos, serves as an Iberian Manzikert, with King Sancho Ramírez—like the legates of the Emperor Alexius Comnenus at Piacenza—appealing in desperation for papal and Frankish succor. . . Graus was finally taken by Sancho Ramírez, Ramiro's successor, in 1083.
- Die Schlacht von Graus war eine Schlacht der frühen spanischen Reconquista im Frühjahr 1063 in der Nähe von Graus. Der genaue Zeitpunkt ist jedoch umstritten. Bei der Auseinandersetzung traten die Truppen Aragons unter der Führung von Ramiro I. und die maurischen Truppen von Saragossa gegeneinander an. Während der Schlacht wurde Ramiro I. getötet. An dem Kampf nahm auf aragnonesicher Seite auch der kastilische Ritter El Cid teil.
- La Batalla de Graus fou una batalla de la Reconquesta Lluitada en la primavera de 1063 entre les forces de Ramir I d'Aragó i les tropes musulmanes de la taifa de Saragossa d'Ahmed I ben Sulaiman al-Muktadir, que comptaven amb el suport del Regne de Castella comandats per l'Infant Sanç. Durant la batalla Ramir fou mort. La batalla també es recordada per ser la primera d'El Cid, que amb 20 anys lluitava al costat dels castellans.
- La Batalla de Graus enfrentó a las tropas de la taifa de Zaragoza, apoyadas por un contingente castellano al mando del príncipe Sancho de Castilla (futuro Sancho II), contra el reino de Aragón, ante el intento de conquista de la ciudad de Graus por parte de los aragoneses. Ramiro I de Aragón intentó repetidas veces apoderarse de Barbastro y Graus, lugares estratégicos que formaban una cuña entre sus territorios. En la primavera de 1063 comenzó a sitiar Graus lo que motivó el enfrentamiento entre las tropas de Ramiro I de Aragón y Al-Muqtadir de la Taifa de Zaragoza, que contó con el refuerzo del infante Sancho de Castilla, que quizá contaba en su mesnada con un joven Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar. La presencia castellana se explica porque cobraba parias del musulmán. Los aragoneses fueron derrotados y perdieron en esta batalla a su rey Ramiro I, al parecer asesinado por un soldado árabe, llamado Sadaro, que hablaba romance y que, acercándose al real de Ramiro I disfrazado de cristiano, le clavó una lanza en el rostro. Murió ante las puertas de Graus el 8 de mayo de 1063.
- Bitwa pod Graus - bitwa stoczona w roku 1063 pomiędzy armią króla Aragonii Ramiro I i wojskiem emira Saragossy al-Muktadira, wspieranego przez posiłki kastylijskie, zakończona śmiercią Ramiro I i porażką wojsk aragońskich.
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- Castilian–Zaragozan victory
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- The Battle of Graus was a battle of the Reconquista, traditionally said to have taken place on 8 May 1063. Antonio Ubieto Arteta, in his Historia de Aragón, re-dated the battle to 1069. The late twelfth-century Chronica naierensis dates the encounter to 1070. Either in or as a result of the battle, Ramiro I of Aragon, one of the protagonists, died.
- Die Schlacht von Graus war eine Schlacht der frühen spanischen Reconquista im Frühjahr 1063 in der Nähe von Graus. Der genaue Zeitpunkt ist jedoch umstritten. Bei der Auseinandersetzung traten die Truppen Aragons unter der Führung von Ramiro I. und die maurischen Truppen von Saragossa gegeneinander an. Während der Schlacht wurde Ramiro I. getötet. An dem Kampf nahm auf aragnonesicher Seite auch der kastilische Ritter El Cid teil.
- La Batalla de Graus fou una batalla de la Reconquesta Lluitada en la primavera de 1063 entre les forces de Ramir I d'Aragó i les tropes musulmanes de la taifa de Saragossa d'Ahmed I ben Sulaiman al-Muktadir, que comptaven amb el suport del Regne de Castella comandats per l'Infant Sanç. Durant la batalla Ramir fou mort. La batalla també es recordada per ser la primera d'El Cid, que amb 20 anys lluitava al costat dels castellans.
- La Batalla de Graus enfrentó a las tropas de la taifa de Zaragoza, apoyadas por un contingente castellano al mando del príncipe Sancho de Castilla (futuro Sancho II), contra el reino de Aragón, ante el intento de conquista de la ciudad de Graus por parte de los aragoneses. Ramiro I de Aragón intentó repetidas veces apoderarse de Barbastro y Graus, lugares estratégicos que formaban una cuña entre sus territorios.
- Bitwa pod Graus - bitwa stoczona w roku 1063 pomiędzy armią króla Aragonii Ramiro I i wojskiem emira Saragossy al-Muktadira, wspieranego przez posiłki kastylijskie, zakończona śmiercią Ramiro I i porażką wojsk aragońskich.
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- Battle of Graus
- Schlacht von Graus
- Batalla de Graus
- Batalla de Graus
- Bitwa pod Graus
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