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- Datei:Baptistery. Arians02. jpg Arianische Taufkapelle Das Baptisterium der Arianer (Taufkapelle der Arianer) ist ein antikes kirchliches Bauwerk in Ravenna, Italien. Es wurde gegen Ende des 5. Jahrhunderts errichtet, zu einer Zeit, zu der Theoderich der Große in seiner Herrschaft bestärkt war und der Arianismus offizielle Hofreligion wurde. Im Vergleich zum Baptisterium der Kathedrale ist es einfacher, bzw. in einem schlechteren Erhaltungszustand. Berühmt ist das Baptisterium vor allem – wie die anderen byzantinischen Bauwerke Ravennas – durch die Wand- und Deckenmosaike in seinem Innern. Zusammen mit den anderen frühen Kirchenbauten in Ravenna gehört das Baptisterium der Arianer zum UNESCO-Welterbe. In der zweiten Hälfte des 6. Jahrhunderts wurde die Taufkapelle von Katholiken in das Oratorium von S. Maria in Cosmedin umgewandelt.
- The Arian Baptistry in Ravenna, Italy was erected by the Ostrogothic King Theodoric the Great between the end of the 5th century and the beginning of the sixth century, at the same time as the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare Nuovo. Theodoric was an Arian and decided to let the Goths (Arians) and the Latins ("orthodox" in the sense that they followed canon doctrine), live together but separately, and so there were separate neighborhoods and separate religious buildings. Near his palace, the king commissioned an Arian cathedral, now called the Church of Spirito Santo, but originally named Hagia Anastasis (Holy Resurrection). It was re-consecrated as the Catholic cathedral of Saint Teodoro (soldier and martyr of Amasea in Porto) in 526. Little remains of the original church after its reconstruction in 1543; some historians speculate that the original mosaics were lost over a thousand years earlier during its Catholic reconstruction due to Arian themes. During this same period, Theodoric also had the baptistry built, today referred to as "of the Arians" in order to distinguish it from the Baptistry of Neon (of the Orthodox) which is about one century older. The Baptistry is octagonal in shape with some little apses and arched openings near the top. Along the external perimeter there was once a walkway that stopped at the eastern apse. Clearly, the building was once part of a larger complex. Inside are four niches and a dome with mosaics, depicting the baptism of Jesus by Saint John the Baptist. Jesus is shown beardless and naked, half-submerged in the Jordan. John the Baptist is wearing a leopard skin. On the left stands a pagan god in the guise of a white-haired, old man in a green cloak, holding a leather bag. He is the personification of the river Jordan. Above, the Holy Spirit in the form of a dove sprays lustral water from its beak. Below, a procession of the Apostles, led in separate directions by Saint Peter and Saint Paul circle the dome, meeting at a throne with a jeweled crucifix resting on a purple cushion. It took the artists several years to complete these mosaics, as can be clearly seen from the different colors of the stones used to depict the grass at the feet of the apostles. The designs are quite simple, but the excessive use of a gold background should be noted, as it was typically used in this era to infuse these simple scenes with an ethereal glow. The entire composition is remarkably similar to that of the Orthodox Baptistry of Neon. The walls are bare, but were not always so. During archaeological investigations, some 170 kilograms of tessera were found on the floor. Due to the lack of Arian references, it is believed that the artists who created the mosaics were orthodox christians, as the ostrogoths were predominately goldsmiths and not mosaic artists. In 565, after the condemnation of the Arian sect, this small octagonal brick structure was converted into a Catholic oratory named Santa Maria. Orthodox monks added a monastery during the period of the Exarchate of Ravenna and further dedicated the structure to Saint Maria in Cosmedin. Around the year 1700, the structure passed into private hands, and in 1914 it was acquired by the Italian government. The Allied bombardment of World War II helped clear away other structures which had encroached on it from all sides, enabling researchers to view the details of its exterior for the first time. As with other monuments in Ravenna, the original floor is now some 2.3 meters underground. The Baptistry is one of the eight structures in Ravenna registered as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
- El Baptisterio arriano (en italiano, Battistero degli Ariani) en Rávena es la más antigua de las ocho estructuras de Rávena inscritas en la lista del Patrimonio de la Humanidad en 1996.
- Il Battistero degli Ariani si trova a Ravenna e fu fatto costruire all'epoca di Teodorico, nella prima metà del VI secolo. Teodorico, di religione ariana, decise di far convivere pacificamente i goti ("ariani" appunto) e i latini ("ortodossi", nel senso di seguaci della dottrina canonica), mantenendo le due popolazioni separate, il che comportò quartieri separati e doppi edifici di culto in città. Vicino al Palazzo di Teodorico il re fece costruire una basilica per ariani (l'attuale chiesa di Santo Spirito, della quale rimane poco dell'epoca di Teodorico), e un battistero, oggi detto degli Ariani per distinguerlo dal più antico di circa un secolo Battistero Neoniano (degli Ortodossi). Esternamente il battistero si presenta come un edificio in laterizi a pianta ottagonale, con alcune absidiole e aperture ad arco nel registro superiore. Lungo il perimetro esterno correva un deambulatorio che si interrompeva soltanto in corrispondenza dell'abside orientale. I restauri hanno chiarito che l'edificio faceva parte di un complesso più ampio. L'interno si presenta vuoto, tranne che per la fonte battesimale, ma la cupola è completamente decorata a mosaico; la superficie musiva è più piccola rispetto a quella del battistero Neoniano: al centro si trova una rappresentazione del Battesimo di Cristo con San Giovanni Battista, la personificazione del Giordano e la colomba dello Spirito Santo; nell'anello immediatamente sotto, il trono vuoto dell'etimasia e i dodici apostoli in atto di offrire corone e stoffe divisi da palme. La rappresentazione è semplificata, con figure piuttosto statiche e ripetitive nell'aspetto, con abiti semplici (solo la toga bianca), i volumi appiattiti e calligrafici (le pieghe sembrano solo disegnate). Spicca inoltre l'affermazione ormai dominante del fondo oro, che si stava imponendo in tutto il mondo Mediterraneo come veicolo per rappresentazioni più astratte e simboliche, inondate da una luce ultraterrena. La similarietà con i mosaici neoniani e la mancanza di temi legati all'arianesimo ha fatto pensare che i mosaicisti del battistero fossero cristiani ortodossi, essendo le popolazioni ostrogote dedite prevalentemente alla oreficeria come forma artistica.
- Het Baptisterium van de Arianen in de Italiaanse stad Ravenna is een baptisterium (doopkapel) die gebouwd werd door de Ostrogotische koning Theodorik de Grote rond het jaar 500. De doopkapel is achthoekig van vorm. Het beroemdst aan de kapel is het mozaïek op het plafond. Hier wordt de doop van Jezus door Johannes de Doper afgebeeld. Jezus is hier naakt te zien en heeft geen baard en staat tot zijn middel in de rivier de Jordaan. Johannes de Doper draagt een luipaardvel. Links staat een oude man, die een heidense god van de rivier Jordaan voorstelt. Bovenin is een witte duif afgebeeld, die de Heilige Geest voorstelt. Rondom zijn de martelaren afgebeeld.
- Арианский баптистерий (итал. Battistero degli Ariani) — баптистерий, построенный в Равенне на рубеже V и VI веков по приказу Теодориха Великого, который был сторонником арианства. Название «Арианский» было дано, чтобы отличать его от баптистерия, построенного епископом Неоной В 1996 году баптистерий в составе раннехристианских памятников Равенны был включён в число объектов Всемирного наследия.
- Le baptistère des Ariens, à Ravenne, fut édifié par le roi des Ostrogoths, Théodoric l’Amale au tournant des Modèle:Sp. En effet, les Goths, comme d'autres peuples germaniques, avaient embrassé le christianisme sous la forme prêchée par Arius et considérée comme hérétique à la suite des premiers conciles œcuméniques. Le baptistère devait donc permettre aux Ariens de disposer de leur propre lieu, tout comme les autochtones auxquels était réservé le baptistère des Orthodoxes. Le baptistère des Ariens compte parmi les huit monuments ravennates qui figurent sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l'Unesco.
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- El Baptisterio arriano (en italiano, Battistero degli Ariani) en Rávena es la más antigua de las ocho estructuras de Rávena inscritas en la lista del Patrimonio de la Humanidad en 1996.
- Арианский баптистерий (итал. Battistero degli Ariani) — баптистерий, построенный в Равенне на рубеже V и VI веков по приказу Теодориха Великого, который был сторонником арианства. Название «Арианский» было дано, чтобы отличать его от баптистерия, построенного епископом Неоной В 1996 году баптистерий в составе раннехристианских памятников Равенны был включён в число объектов Всемирного наследия.
- Datei:Baptistery. Arians02. jpg Arianische Taufkapelle Das Baptisterium der Arianer (Taufkapelle der Arianer) ist ein antikes kirchliches Bauwerk in Ravenna, Italien. Es wurde gegen Ende des 5. Jahrhunderts errichtet, zu einer Zeit, zu der Theoderich der Große in seiner Herrschaft bestärkt war und der Arianismus offizielle Hofreligion wurde. Im Vergleich zum Baptisterium der Kathedrale ist es einfacher, bzw. in einem schlechteren Erhaltungszustand.
- The Arian Baptistry in Ravenna, Italy was erected by the Ostrogothic King Theodoric the Great between the end of the 5th century and the beginning of the sixth century, at the same time as the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare Nuovo. Theodoric was an Arian and decided to let the Goths (Arians) and the Latins ("orthodox" in the sense that they followed canon doctrine), live together but separately, and so there were separate neighborhoods and separate religious buildings.
- Il Battistero degli Ariani si trova a Ravenna e fu fatto costruire all'epoca di Teodorico, nella prima metà del VI secolo. Teodorico, di religione ariana, decise di far convivere pacificamente i goti ("ariani" appunto) e i latini ("ortodossi", nel senso di seguaci della dottrina canonica), mantenendo le due popolazioni separate, il che comportò quartieri separati e doppi edifici di culto in città.
- Het Baptisterium van de Arianen in de Italiaanse stad Ravenna is een baptisterium (doopkapel) die gebouwd werd door de Ostrogotische koning Theodorik de Grote rond het jaar 500. De doopkapel is achthoekig van vorm. Het beroemdst aan de kapel is het mozaïek op het plafond. Hier wordt de doop van Jezus door Johannes de Doper afgebeeld. Jezus is hier naakt te zien en heeft geen baard en staat tot zijn middel in de rivier de Jordaan. Johannes de Doper draagt een luipaardvel.
- Le baptistère des Ariens, à Ravenne, fut édifié par le roi des Ostrogoths, Théodoric l’Amale au tournant des Modèle:Sp. En effet, les Goths, comme d'autres peuples germaniques, avaient embrassé le christianisme sous la forme prêchée par Arius et considérée comme hérétique à la suite des premiers conciles œcuméniques. Le baptistère devait donc permettre aux Ariens de disposer de leur propre lieu, tout comme les autochtones auxquels était réservé le baptistère des Orthodoxes.
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