In mathematics, the Arf invariant of a nonsingular quadratic form over the 2-element field F2 is the element of F2 that occurs most often among the values of the form. Two nonsingular quadratic forms over F2 are isomorphic if and only if they have the same Arf invariant. The invariant was essentially known to Dickson (1901) and rediscovered by Cahit Arf . It is used in algebraic topology to define the Arf-Kervaire invariant and the Arf invariant of a knot.
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