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- Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria was an Archbishop of Cologne, the last child of the Habsburg ruler Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. His siblings included two Holy Roman Emperors, as well as Queen Marie Antoinette of France and Queen Maria Carolina of Two Sicilies. He was the last Elector of Cologne and an early patron of Ludwig van Beethoven. Maximilian Franz was born at the Hofburg Imperial Palace, Austria. In 1780 he succeeded his uncle Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine as Hochmeister of the Teutonic Knights. In 1784 he became Archbishop-Elector of Cologne, living in the archbishopric's seat at Bonn. He remained in that office until his death, meaning that he participated as Elector in the election of his brother Leopold II in 1790. In conspiracy theories, such as the one promoted in The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, Maximilian Franz was alleged to be the twenty-second Grand Master of the Priory of Sion Maximilian Franz succeeded to the title of Elector of Cologne and the related Archbishopric of Münster and maintained his noble court in Bonn. A keen patron of music, Maximilian Franz maintained a court orchestra where Ludwig van Beethoven's father was a tenor in the court chapel and played an important role in the early career of Ludwig van Beethoven. The young Beethoven was an employee in his court's musical establishment, where his grandfather, also named Ludwig van Beethoven, had been Kapellmeister. The court organist was Christian Gottlob Neefe, who became an early mentor and teacher to Ludwig van Beethoven. Recognising his young pupil's remarkable gift both as a performer and a composer, Neefe brought Beethoven into the court, convincing Maximilian Franz to appoint him as assistant organist. Maximilian, too, recognised the extraordinary abilities of the young Beethoven. In 1787, he gave Beethoven leave to visit Vienna to study with Mozart, a visit cut short by the illness and death of Beethoven's mother. In 1792, Maximilian again agreed to let Beethoven depart for Vienna in order to pursue studies with Joseph Haydn, Antonio Salieri and others, where he continued to pay Beethoven's court salary. Maximilian Franz maintained an interest in Beethoven's progress, and several letters from Haydn to Maximilian detailing his student's progress remain extant. The Archduke anticipated that Beethoven would return to Bonn and continue working for him, but in fact Beethoven never returned, choosing to pursue his career in Vienna. Maximilian Franz's political rule over the Archbishopric met with disaster in 1794, when his domains were overrun by the troops of Revolutionary France. During the Napoleonic Wars, Cologne and Bonn were both occupied by the French army, in October and November of 1794. As the French approached, Maximilian left Bonn never to return and the territories eventually passed to France under the terms of the Treaty of Lunéville (1801). The Archbishop's court was dissolved, and the Archbishopric lost its independence forever, being ruled first by France, then Prussia; and ultimately becoming part of unified Germany. Plagued by corpulence and ill-health, Maximilian Franz took up residence in Vienna after the loss of his territories until his death at age 45 in 1801, at Schloss Hetzendorf. He was the last Elector of Cologne, since his successor, Anthony, Archduke of Austria, was never able to assume the title. (In 1803, the electorate was secularized altogether. )The dismantling of the court made Beethoven's relocation to Vienna permanent, and his stipend was terminated. Beethoven planned to dedicate his First Symphony to his former patron, but Maximilian Franz died before it was completed.
- Maximilian Franz Xaver Joseph Johann Anton de Paula Wenzel von Österreich, als österreichischer Erzherzog Maximilian II. Franz, war von 1784 bis 1801 Kurfürst und Erzbischof von Köln und Hochmeister des Deutschen Ordens.
- Maxmilián František Habsbursko-Lotrinský byl velmistrem Řádu německých rytířů v letech 1780 - 1801 a müsterským biskupem v letech 1784 - 1801. Jeho rodiči byli František I. Štěpán Lotrinský a císařovna Marie Terezie.
- Maximilien François Xavier d'Autriche, né le 8 décembre 1756, décédé le 26 juillet 1801, est le dernier des enfants du couple impérial, François I et Marie-Thérèse. Il fut archevêque de Cologne, titulaire de cet électorat et donc l'un des Princes-Électeurs de l'Empire. Frère de la reine de France Marie-Antoinette, il vient la visiter presque 5 ans plus tard après leur séparation en avril 1770 où elle allait rejoindre sa nouvelle patrie, le 7 février 1775 au château de la Muette, se fait passer incognito sous le nom de comte de Burgau, les Parisiens sont vexés de l'indifférence de l'archiduc pour leur ville et se moquent de ses maladresses, par exemple à Buffon, il répond " Je serais bien fâché de vous en priver". Il dut fuir devant les troupes révolutionnaires françaises. Il eut à son service le plus célèbre de ses sujets : le compositeur Ludwig van Beethoven.
- Fájl:Maximilian Franz Austria 1756 1801 portrait. jpg Miksa Ferenc főherceg, Köln püspöke, választófejedelem Habsburg–Lotaringiai Miksa Ferenc Xavér főherceg (Erzherzog Maximilian Franz Xaver Joseph Johann Anton de Paula Wenzel von Österreich),, osztrák főherceg, magyar és cseh királyi herceg, 1784–1801 között Köln püspöke és választófejedelme, a Német Lovagrend 53. nagymestere.
- Maximiliaan (Max) Frans Xaverius Jozef Johan Anton de Paula Wenceslaus, aartshertog van Oostenrijk, was van 1780 tot 1801 grootmeester van de Duitse Orde en van 1784 tot 1801 aartsbisschop van Keulen en bisschop van Münster. Hij werd geboren als jongste kind van keizer Frans I Stefan en Maria Theresia van Oostenrijk. Het was naar aanleiding van zijn bezoek aan Salzburg in 1775 dat de 19-jarige Mozart de opdracht kreeg de opera Il rè pastore te componeren.
- Maximilian Frans var erkebiskop og kurfyrste av Köln, biskop av Münster og stormester av den tyske orden. Han var det yngste av 16 barn av keiser Frans I Stefan av Det tysk-romerske rike og erkehertuginne Maria Teresia av Østerrike. Maximilian Frans hadde derfor som medlem av huset Habsburg-Lothringen arvet tittelen erkehertug av Østerrike, men det var hans eldre brødre Josef II og Leopold II som regjerte Østerrike.
- Maximilian Franz Xaver von Österreich, Alman din adamı ve siyasetçi. 1784-1801 yılları arasında Köln başpiskoposu olarak görev yaptı; Töton Şövalyeleri'nin başustalığı görevine getirildi. Kutsal Roma Germen İmparatorluğu geleneği uyarınca Köln ve Münster bölgelerinin dükü ünvanını taşıyan son kilise temsilcisi oldu.
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- Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria was an Archbishop of Cologne, the last child of the Habsburg ruler Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. His siblings included two Holy Roman Emperors, as well as Queen Marie Antoinette of France and Queen Maria Carolina of Two Sicilies. He was the last Elector of Cologne and an early patron of Ludwig van Beethoven. Maximilian Franz was born at the Hofburg Imperial Palace, Austria.
- Maximilian Franz Xaver Joseph Johann Anton de Paula Wenzel von Österreich, als österreichischer Erzherzog Maximilian II. Franz, war von 1784 bis 1801 Kurfürst und Erzbischof von Köln und Hochmeister des Deutschen Ordens.
- Maxmilián František Habsbursko-Lotrinský byl velmistrem Řádu německých rytířů v letech 1780 - 1801 a müsterským biskupem v letech 1784 - 1801. Jeho rodiči byli František I. Štěpán Lotrinský a císařovna Marie Terezie.
- Maximilien François Xavier d'Autriche, né le 8 décembre 1756, décédé le 26 juillet 1801, est le dernier des enfants du couple impérial, François I et Marie-Thérèse. Il fut archevêque de Cologne, titulaire de cet électorat et donc l'un des Princes-Électeurs de l'Empire.
- Fájl:Maximilian Franz Austria 1756 1801 portrait. jpg Miksa Ferenc főherceg, Köln püspöke, választófejedelem Habsburg–Lotaringiai Miksa Ferenc Xavér főherceg (Erzherzog Maximilian Franz Xaver Joseph Johann Anton de Paula Wenzel von Österreich),, osztrák főherceg, magyar és cseh királyi herceg, 1784–1801 között Köln püspöke és választófejedelme, a Német Lovagrend 53. nagymestere.
- Maximiliaan (Max) Frans Xaverius Jozef Johan Anton de Paula Wenceslaus, aartshertog van Oostenrijk, was van 1780 tot 1801 grootmeester van de Duitse Orde en van 1784 tot 1801 aartsbisschop van Keulen en bisschop van Münster. Hij werd geboren als jongste kind van keizer Frans I Stefan en Maria Theresia van Oostenrijk. Het was naar aanleiding van zijn bezoek aan Salzburg in 1775 dat de 19-jarige Mozart de opdracht kreeg de opera Il rè pastore te componeren.
- Maximilian Frans var erkebiskop og kurfyrste av Köln, biskop av Münster og stormester av den tyske orden. Han var det yngste av 16 barn av keiser Frans I Stefan av Det tysk-romerske rike og erkehertuginne Maria Teresia av Østerrike. Maximilian Frans hadde derfor som medlem av huset Habsburg-Lothringen arvet tittelen erkehertug av Østerrike, men det var hans eldre brødre Josef II og Leopold II som regjerte Østerrike.
- Maximilian Franz Xaver von Österreich, Alman din adamı ve siyasetçi. 1784-1801 yılları arasında Köln başpiskoposu olarak görev yaptı; Töton Şövalyeleri'nin başustalığı görevine getirildi. Kutsal Roma Germen İmparatorluğu geleneği uyarınca Köln ve Münster bölgelerinin dükü ünvanını taşıyan son kilise temsilcisi oldu.
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