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- The Arajs Kommando, led by SS-Sturmbannführer Viktors Arājs, was a unit of Latvian Auxiliary Police subordinated to the Nazi SD. It is one of the more well-known and notorious killing units during the Holocaust. It was established in Latvia in early July 1941, immediately following the German capture of Riga, by Walter Stahlecker, the commander of Einsatzgruppe A and Commander of the Sicherheitspolizei and SD (BdS) for Reichskommissariat Ostland. The unit actively participated in a variety of Nazi atrocities: the killing of Jews, Roma, and mental patients, as well as punitive actions and massacres of civilians along the Latvia's eastern border in Russia and Belarus. The Kommando killed around 26,000 Jews in total. Most notably, the unit took part in the mass execution of Jews from the Riga ghetto, and several thousand Jews deported from Germany, at Rumbula on November 30 and December 8, 1941. Some of Arājs's men also served as guards at the Nazi concentration camp at Salaspils. As can be seen in contemporary Nazi newsreels, part of a documentation campaign to create the image that the Holocaust in the Baltics was a local, and not Nazi-directed activity, the Arajs Kommando figured prominently in the burning of Riga's Great (Choral) Synagogue on 4 July 1941. Commemoration of this event has been chosen for marking Holocaust Memorial Day in present-day Latvia. The unit numbered about 300-500 men during the phase it participated in killing of Jewish population in Latvia, reaching up to 1,500 members at its peak at the height of its involvement in anti-partisan operations in 1942. In the final phases of the war, the unit was disbanded and its personnel transferred to the Latvian Legion. After successfully hiding in West Germany for several decades after the war, Viktors Arājs was eventually arrested, tried, and imprisoned for his crimes. More recently, the governments of Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia were involved in the attempt to extradite Konrāds Kalējs, a former officer of the Arājs Kommando, to Latvia for trial on charges of genocide. Kalējs died in Australia before the extradition could proceed, maintaining his innocence to the end, that he was fighting Russia on the eastern front or studying at university when the slaughter of Jews took place in 1941. Latvian Holocaust historian A. Ezergailis estimates about a third of the Arājs Kommando, 500 of a maximum of around 1,500 total members, actively participated in the killings of Jews, and has noted that one cannot be convicted of crimes against humanity based solely on membership in an organization. Naums Lifšics, Jewish Latvian economist, survivor of Stalinist repressions, holder of the Order of the Three Stars, wrote in his letter to the major Latvian national newspaper "Diena" about participation of NKVD agents in activities of Arajs Kommando: When the war started, NKVD infiltrated into Arajs Sonderkommando its agents, who helped Arajs to eliminate Jews. After the war the same NKVD members worked in the building at the corner of the Stabu and Brivibas streets. For example, one of such covert agents was Boris Kinstler, former assistant to Arajs, and Pavlova, who received high level award for her "good" deeds.
- Commando Arājs (o Sonderkommando Arājs), è il nome di una speciale unità ausiliaria di polizia della Lettonia (in lingua tedesca Lettische Hilfspolizei) che fu guidata durante la seconda guerra mondiale dall'SS-Sturmbannführer Viktors Arājs. Subordinata al servizio di sicurezza nazista, è stata durante l'Olocausto una delle più spietate unità di sterminio. Fondata all'inizio di luglio del 1941 - cioè poco dopo l'occupazione tedesca della città di Riga - da Franz Walter Stahlecker, comandante dell'Einsatzgruppen "A" e comandante del Befehlshaber della Sicherheitspolizei nonché SD per il Reichskommissariat Ostland, l'unità prese parte a svariate delle atrocità naziste - come l'uccisione di ebrei, rom e malati mentali - compiendo anche azioni punitive e massacri a danno di civili lungo il confine orientale della Lettonia con la Russia e la Bielorussia. In totale, il commando uccise ventiseimila ebrei. Il commando - molti dei cui uomini servirono presso il campo di concentramento di Salaspils - prese parte a esecuzioni di massa di ebrei del ghetto di Riga mentre altre diverse migliaia furono deportate dalla Germania a Rumbula il 30 novembre e l'8 dicembre dello stesso anno.
- Arājs Commando – kolaboracyjna formacja zbrojna złożona z Łotyszy podczas II wojny światowej, jednostka pomocniczej policji podległej SD. Arājs Commando powstało z inicjatywy wyższego dowódcy SS i policji w Komisariacie Rzeszy Ostland SS-Brigadeführera i Generalmajora policji Franza Waltera Stahleckera. Na czele jednostki stał Łotysz SS-Sturmbannführer Viktors Arājs, b. członek nacjonalistycznej organizacji Pērkonkrusts. Liczyła początkowo ok. 300 ludzi, dochodząc ostatecznie do stanu ok. 1,2 tys. Członkowie jednostki brali udział w pogromach Żydów na Łotwie, m. in. 30 listopada i 8 grudnia 1941 r. w lesie Rumbula pod Rygą, gdzie zamordowano ok. 25 tys. ludzi z ryskiego getta. W 1942 r. jednostka została przeniesiona na granicę z Rosją i Białorusią, uczestnicząc wraz z Niemcami w operacjach przeciwpartyzanckich. Po zajęciu Łotwy przez wojska sowieckie w 1944 r. , wielu b. członków jednostki zbiegło na Zachód. Część została schwytana i osądzona, jak sam Arājs. W 1999 r. Centrum Szymona Wiesenthala, poszukujące b. nazistów, wytropiło w Australii Konrādsa Kalējsa, który podczas wojny pełnił funkcję jednego z zastępców dowódcy Arājs Commando.
- Команда Арайса была организована в начале июля 1941 года, сразу после немецкого захвата Риги, Виктором Арайсом, в дальнейшем штурмбанфюрером СС. Получила официальный статус как подразделение латвийской вспомогательной полиции и непосредственно подчинялась нацистской SD в Рейхскомиссариате Остланд. Эта зондеркоманда - одно из наиболее известных подразделений, участвовавших в убийствах евреев во время Холокоста в Латвии.
- Arājskommandot var en grupp lettiska milismän som samarbetade med tyska Einsatzgruppe A i Lettland under andra världskriget. Arājskommandot anfördes av Viktors Arājs och anses ha mördat drygt 30 000 civilpersoner i Lettland, i huvudsak judar. Arājskommandot deltog bland annat i massakern i Liepāja i mitten av december 1941.
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- The Arajs Kommando, led by SS-Sturmbannführer Viktors Arājs, was a unit of Latvian Auxiliary Police subordinated to the Nazi SD. It is one of the more well-known and notorious killing units during the Holocaust. It was established in Latvia in early July 1941, immediately following the German capture of Riga, by Walter Stahlecker, the commander of Einsatzgruppe A and Commander of the Sicherheitspolizei and SD (BdS) for Reichskommissariat Ostland.
- Commando Arājs (o Sonderkommando Arājs), è il nome di una speciale unità ausiliaria di polizia della Lettonia (in lingua tedesca Lettische Hilfspolizei) che fu guidata durante la seconda guerra mondiale dall'SS-Sturmbannführer Viktors Arājs. Subordinata al servizio di sicurezza nazista, è stata durante l'Olocausto una delle più spietate unità di sterminio.
- Arājs Commando – kolaboracyjna formacja zbrojna złożona z Łotyszy podczas II wojny światowej, jednostka pomocniczej policji podległej SD. Arājs Commando powstało z inicjatywy wyższego dowódcy SS i policji w Komisariacie Rzeszy Ostland SS-Brigadeführera i Generalmajora policji Franza Waltera Stahleckera. Na czele jednostki stał Łotysz SS-Sturmbannführer Viktors Arājs, b. członek nacjonalistycznej organizacji Pērkonkrusts. Liczyła początkowo ok.
- Команда Арайса была организована в начале июля 1941 года, сразу после немецкого захвата Риги, Виктором Арайсом, в дальнейшем штурмбанфюрером СС.
- Arājskommandot var en grupp lettiska milismän som samarbetade med tyska Einsatzgruppe A i Lettland under andra världskriget. Arājskommandot anfördes av Viktors Arājs och anses ha mördat drygt 30 000 civilpersoner i Lettland, i huvudsak judar. Arājskommandot deltog bland annat i massakern i Liepāja i mitten av december 1941.
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