Ap (áp-) is the Vedic Sanskrit term for "water", in Classical Sanskrit occurring only in the plural, āpas (sometimes re-analysed as a thematic singular, āpa-), whence Hindi āp. The term is from PIE hxap "water". The Indo-Iranian word survives also, as the Persian word for water, Āb, e.g. in Punjab (from pañcāpas "five waters"). In archaic ablauting contractions, the laryngeal of the PIE root remains visible in Vedic Sanskrit, e.g. pratīpa- "against the current", from *proti-hxp-o-.

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  • Ap (áp-) is the Vedic Sanskrit term for "water", in Classical Sanskrit occurring only in the plural, āpas (sometimes re-analysed as a thematic singular, āpa-), whence Hindi āp. The term is from PIE hxap "water". The Indo-Iranian word survives also, as the Persian word for water, Āb, e.g. in Punjab (from pañcāpas "five waters"). In archaic ablauting contractions, the laryngeal of the PIE root remains visible in Vedic Sanskrit, e.g. pratīpa- "against the current", from *proti-hxp-o-. The word has many cognates in archaic European toponyms. In the Rigveda, several hymns are dedicated to "the waters" (āpas): 7.49, 10.9, 10.30, 10.47. In the oldest of these, 7.49, the waters are connected with the draught of Indra (Soma, referred to as "the offspring of water", napāt apām). In Hindu philosophy, the term refers to water as an element, one of the Panchamahabhuta, or "five great elements". In Hinduism, it is also the name of the deva, a personification of water, (one of the Vasus in most later Puranic lists). In the Thai language, "ap" refers to a splashing of water, and "nam" is water. Therefore a showerbath is called "ap nam". Many Thai words have roots in Sanskrit.
  • アーパス（Āpas）は、古代インドの『リグ・ヴェーダ』に登場する水の女神である。 アーパスという名前は「水」の女性名詞アプ（ap）の複数形である。アーパスは『リグ・ヴェーダ』に4篇の独立讃歌を持ち、滋養、医薬の本源としてヴァルナ神やソーマ、一切諸神がアーパスの中からその力を汲み取るとされ、滋養や医薬、幸福や繁栄を授けることが祈願される。あるいはまた過失や嘘を浄化することが祈願されている。 しかし神話的には単純に自然界の水を象徴し、その擬人化もあまり進んでいない。 ヴァス神群の1つとされることもある。
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  • Ap (áp-) is the Vedic Sanskrit term for "water", in Classical Sanskrit occurring only in the plural, āpas (sometimes re-analysed as a thematic singular, āpa-), whence Hindi āp. The term is from PIE hxap "water". The Indo-Iranian word survives also, as the Persian word for water, Āb, e.g. in Punjab (from pañcāpas "five waters"). In archaic ablauting contractions, the laryngeal of the PIE root remains visible in Vedic Sanskrit, e.g. pratīpa- "against the current", from *proti-hxp-o-.
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  • Ap (water)
  • アーパス
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