In set theory, when dealing with sets of infinite size, the term almost or nearly is used to mean all the elements except for finitely many. In other words, an infinite set S that is a subset of another infinite set L, is almost L if the subtracted set L\S is of finite size. Examples: The set is almost N for any k in N, because only finitely many natural numbers are less than k.
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- In set theory, when dealing with sets of infinite size, the term almost or nearly is used to mean all the elements except for finitely many. In other words, an infinite set S that is a subset of another infinite set L, is almost L if the subtracted set L\S is of finite size. Examples: The set is almost N for any k in N, because only finitely many natural numbers are less than k. The set of prime numbers is not almost N because there are infinitely many natural numbers that are not prime numbers. This is conceptually similar to the almost everywhere concept of measure theory, but is not the same. For example, the Cantor set is uncountably infinite, but has Lebesgue measure zero. So a real number in (0, 1) is a member of the complement of the Cantor set almost everywhere, but it is not true that the complement of the Cantor set is almost the real numbers in (0, 1).
- 数学において、ほとんど (almost) という語は、ある厳密な意味で用いられる専門用語のひとつである。主に「測度 0 の集合を除いて」という意味であるが、それ単体で用いることはあまりなく、「ほとんど至るところで」「ほとんど全ての」などの決まり文句でひとつの意味を形成する。
- 在數學中,尤其是在集合論裡,若談及無限集合,幾乎這一詞會被用來指「除了有限多個之外的所有元素」。 換句話說,一無限集合 L 的無限子集 S 幾乎是 L ,若其差集 L\S 是有限的。 例子: 對任意在自然數 N 中的 k 而言,集合 幾乎是 N ,因為只會有有限多個少於 k 的自然數。 質數的集合不幾乎是 N ,因為存在無限多個不是質數的自然數。 幾乎在概念上和測度論的「幾乎處處」很相似,但不完全一樣。例如,康托爾集合是個不可數集合,但卻為零勒貝格測度。所以,一個在 (0,1) 間的實數「幾乎處處」是康托爾集合的補集,但說康托爾集合的補集「幾乎」為 (0,1) 的實數則是不正確的。
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- 数学において、ほとんど (almost) という語は、ある厳密な意味で用いられる専門用語のひとつである。主に「測度 0 の集合を除いて」という意味であるが、それ単体で用いることはあまりなく、「ほとんど至るところで」「ほとんど全ての」などの決まり文句でひとつの意味を形成する。
- 在數學中,尤其是在集合論裡,若談及無限集合,幾乎這一詞會被用來指「除了有限多個之外的所有元素」。 換句話說,一無限集合 L 的無限子集 S 幾乎是 L ,若其差集 L\S 是有限的。 例子: 對任意在自然數 N 中的 k 而言,集合 幾乎是 N ,因為只會有有限多個少於 k 的自然數。 質數的集合不幾乎是 N ,因為存在無限多個不是質數的自然數。 幾乎在概念上和測度論的「幾乎處處」很相似,但不完全一樣。例如,康托爾集合是個不可數集合,但卻為零勒貝格測度。所以,一個在 (0,1) 間的實數「幾乎處處」是康托爾集合的補集,但說康托爾集合的補集「幾乎」為 (0,1) 的實數則是不正確的。
- In set theory, when dealing with sets of infinite size, the term almost or nearly is used to mean all the elements except for finitely many. In other words, an infinite set S that is a subset of another infinite set L, is almost L if the subtracted set L\S is of finite size. Examples: The set is almost N for any k in N, because only finitely many natural numbers are less than k.
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